Archived taxonomy release

Version 2026.08.11.1

This immutable snapshot preserves the hierarchy, definitions, criteria, ordering, and provenance that were published on Aug 11, 2026.

Screens: 153
Evaluated: 122
Criteria: 1444
Status: Archived
Published: Aug 11, 2026

Change record

Initial published release

Counts are calculated directly from stable stored screen and criterion keys. Reparented screens are also included in the broader changed-screen count.

Screens added

153

Screens changed

Screens removed

Screens reparented

Criteria added

1444

Criteria changed

Criteria removed

Compared with

Empty baseline

Added screens (153)

all screens
Gambling
Gambling Operations
Gambling Support Services
Military Defense and Weapons
Military Weapons, Munitions and Combat Platforms
Small Arms and Light Weapons
Heavy Weapons and Artillery Systems
Missiles, Rockets, Torpedoes and Launch Systems
Armoured Combat Vehicles
Military Aircraft and Aerial Systems
Military Naval Vessels and Underwater Systems
Controversial Weapons
Nuclear Weapons
Strategic Nuclear Warheads
Tactical Nuclear Warheads
Chemical Weapons
Biological and Toxin Weapons
Cluster Munitions
Cluster Munitions Production
Cluster Munitions Import
Cluster Munitions Export
Cluster Munitions Transfer
Cluster Munitions Transportation
Cluster Munitions Development
Cluster Munitions Assembly
Cluster Munitions Repair
Cluster Munitions Stockpiling, Storage and Possession
Cluster Munitions Use
Cluster Munitions Promotion
Cluster Munitions Sale
Cluster Munitions Distribution
Blinding Laser Weapons
White Phosphorus
White Phosphorus Smoke, Obscurant, Signalling and Illumination Munitions
White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons
Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition)
Anti-Personnel Mines Production
Anti-Personnel Mines Import
Anti-Personnel Mines Export
Anti-Personnel Mines Transfer
Anti-Personnel Mines Transportation
Anti-Personnel Mines Development
Anti-Personnel Mines Assembly
Anti-Personnel Mines Repair
Anti-Personnel Mines Stockpiling, Storage, Possession and Retention
Anti-Personnel Mines Use
Anti-Personnel Mines Promotion
Anti-Personnel Mines Sale
Anti-Personnel Mines Distribution
Depleted Uranium Weapons, Munitions and Dedicated Components
Military Cyber and Electronic Warfare Systems
Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Systems
Electronic Warfare Systems
Military Operational, Electronic and Space Systems
Weaponized Unmanned Platforms and Combat Systems
Military Logistics Vehicles and Dedicated Transport Systems
Military Space Systems
Defense Operations, Infrastructure and Services
Military Bases and Infrastructure
Military Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Targeting Systems
Military Training and Simulation Systems
Defense IT, Networks and Cybersecurity Systems
Landmines
Anti-Vehicle Mines
Anti-Personnel Mines (Outside of Treaty Definition)
Non-Detectable Fragment Weapons
Nuclear Missile Systems
Nuclear-Armed Submarines
Adult Entertainment
Adult Media Production
Adult Media Distribution & Streaming
Adult Entertainment Services & Venues
Alcohol
Alcoholic Beverage Production
Alcohol Distribution & Wholesale
Alcohol Retail & Hospitality
Tobacco
Tobacco and Nicotine Product Manufacturing
Tobacco and Nicotine Product Distribution & Wholesale
Tobacco and Nicotine Product Retail & Consumer Sale
Nuclear Power
Nuclear Power Generation
Nuclear Fuel Production & Supply
Nuclear Power Plant Development & Engineering
Nuclear Support Services & Technology
Palm Oil
Palm Oil Cultivation & Plantation Ownership
Palm Oil Processing & Refining
Palm Oil Distribution & Retail Use
Whale Meat
Whale Hunting & Processing
Whale Meat Distribution & Export
Arctic Drilling
Arctic Oil & Gas Exploration and Extraction
Arctic Drilling Infrastructure & Services
Animal Welfare
Animal Testing for Non-Medical Products
Animal Testing for Mandatory Requirements
Animal Testing for Medical Products
Factory Farming & Intensive Animal Confinement
Fur & Exotic Animal Product Production
Animal Entertainment & Commercial Exploitation
Breast Milk Substitutes
Breast Milk Substitutes Manufacturer
Breast Milk Substitutes Marketing Violations
Biocides
Production of Hazardous Biocidal Substances
Distribution & Sale of Restricted Biocidal Products
Cannabis
Medical Cannabis
Recreational Cannabis
Fossil Fuels
Coal
Thermal Coal Mining
Coal-Fired Power Generation
Coal Processing & Trading
Coal Reserves
Oil
Oil Exploration & Extraction
Oil Refining
Oil Transport & Pipelines
Oil Reserves
Oil-Fired Power Generation
Natural Gas
Natural Gas Exploration & Extraction
Natural Gas Processing & Liquefaction
Gas Transport & Distribution
Natural Gas Reserves
Gas-Fired Power Generation
High-Impact Fossil Fuel Extraction
Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking)
Deep Sea Drilling
Oil Sands / Tar Sands
Shale Oil & Shale Gas
Nuclear Warheads — Unspecified or Multi-Role
Nuclear Delivery Systems
Nuclear-Capable Aircraft
Nuclear Missile Launchers and Launch Infrastructure
Nuclear Weapons Components and Materials
Nuclear Weapons Support Services
Nuclear Weapons Research, Development and Engineering Support
Nuclear Weapons Maintenance, Repair and Lifecycle Services
Nuclear Weapons Storage and Stockpile Stewardship
Nuclear Weapons Testing and Simulation
Nuclear Weapons Transportation and Logistics
Nuclear Weapons Sale, Transfer, Distribution and Promotion
Nuclear Weapons Procurement and Supply Support
Nuclear Command, Control and Communications (NC3)
Cluster Munitions Components and Explosive Submunitions
Anti-Personnel Mines Acquisition and Procurement
Conventional Ammunition, Bombs and Explosive Munitions
Military Weapons Components and Subsystems

Stored release data

Snapshot contents

Expand the hierarchy to inspect the exact definition and inclusion or exclusion criteria stored in this release. These records are not reconstructed from the current taxonomy.

all screensaggregator

Groups the screening definitions organized under all screens.

Gamblingaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Gambling Operations and Gambling Support Services screens.

Gambling Operationsevaluated

Identifies companies that own, operate, manage, or legally conduct customer-facing gambling venues, platforms, or wagering services where customers wager money or redeemable value for the possibility of receiving money or prizes of value. This includes physical and online casinos, sportsbooks, bookmakers, betting exchanges, lotteries, pari-mutuel wagering, gaming-machine operations, fantasy sports, sweepstakes or other wagering models where the company accepts, matches, manages, settles, or materially controls customer wagers or owns a purpose-built gambling venue.

Inclusion criteria

Casino Operations defined as: Companies that own, operate, or manage physical or online casinos offering games of chance such as slots, poker, roulette, blackjack, baccarat, or comparable casino games.
Sports Betting, Bookmaking, and Betting Exchange Operations defined as: Companies that own, operate, or manage retail, online, or mobile sportsbooks, bookmakers, betting exchanges, or other services that accept, match, manage, or settle customer wagers on sporting events or other events.
Lottery and Draw-Based Gambling Operations defined as: Companies that own, operate, or manage commercial or government-authorized lotteries, digital lotteries, instant-win games, number games, keno, bingo, or comparable draw-based gambling services where participants pay money or provide something of value for the possibility of receiving money or a prize of value.
Racing and Pari-Mutuel Wagering Operations defined as: Companies that own, operate, or manage horse-racing, greyhound-racing, jai alai, totalizator, off-track betting, or other pari-mutuel wagering venues or services where customer wagers are pooled, accepted, or settled.
Gaming Machine and Electronic Gambling Operations defined as: Companies that own, operate, or manage slot-machine, video lottery terminal, electronic gaming machine, pachinko, pachislot, gaming arcade, or similar machine-based gambling operations where customers wager money or valuables for the possibility of receiving money or prizes of value.
Fantasy Sports, Prediction, and Other Wagering Platform Operations defined as: Companies that operate paid-entry fantasy sports, prediction contests, event-wagering platforms, or comparable services where customers stake money or redeemable value for the possibility of receiving money or a prize of value, and the activity is legally classified as gambling or is functionally operated as a wagering service. Regulated financial-market products and derivatives are excluded.
Purpose-Built Gambling Property Ownership defined as: Companies that own purpose-built casinos, racinos, integrated casino resorts, gaming-machine venues, or other real estate designed, licensed, and used primarily as gambling venues, including casino REITs and property owners with a continuing economic interest in such venues, whether or not a separate entity holds the gaming operating licence.
Licensed, Merchant-of-Record, White-Label, Skin, and Market-Access Gambling Operations defined as: Companies that hold the licence, registration, skin, market-access right, customer contract, merchant-of-record role, brand/operator role, or other legal or functional position through which customer wagers are accepted, managed, matched, settled, or materially controlled, including white-label or market-access structures where the entity conducts or manages wagering even if technology or brand services are supplied by another party.
Sweepstakes and Redeemable-Value Gambling Operations defined as: Companies that operate casino-style, betting-style, fantasy, or prediction games using sweepstakes credits, dual-currency models, virtual currency, tokens, or credits where customers can purchase or obtain entries and receive or redeem money, cash equivalents, transferable credits, gift cards, or prizes of value, where the economic substance is a wager or gambling-style game. Use REVIEW when legality, consideration, or redeemability is disputed.

Exclusion criteria

Gambling Support Services Without an Operating Role defined as: Companies whose only gambling-related activity is supplying gambling equipment, software, games, technology, data, marketing, affiliate, consulting, or other services to gambling operators and that do not own, operate, manage, accept, match, settle, or materially control customer wagers. These activities should be assessed as Gambling Support Services. If the company has separate operating activity, assess that activity under Gambling Operations and the support activity under Gambling Support Services.
Free-to-Play and Social Casino Games Without Valuable Wagering defined as: Companies that provide casino-style, betting-style, or simulated gambling games where users do not pay or stake money or redeemable value and cannot receive money, cash equivalents, transferable credits, or prizes of value. This includes social casino games using non-redeemable virtual currency solely for entertainment.
General Video Games, Amusement Activities, and Non-Gambling Competitions defined as: Companies that operate video games, amusement arcades, esports, skill competitions, trivia contests, or similar entertainment activities that do not involve wagering money or valuables on an outcome determined wholly or partly by chance and are not legally or functionally operated as gambling.
Media, Advertising, Sponsorship, and Sports Content Without Gambling Operations defined as: Media companies, broadcasters, publishers, sports teams, leagues, influencers, advertising firms, or sponsorship partners that display gambling advertising or gambling-related content but do not accept, manage, match, or settle customer wagers and do not own, operate, or manage a gambling venue or platform.
Regulated Financial-Market Products and Derivatives defined as: Companies that operate securities exchanges, brokerage platforms, insurance products, regulated derivatives, commercial hedging services, event contracts, prediction contracts, or investment products that are regulated and operated under financial-market law rather than gambling law, even where returns depend on uncertain future events. Unregulated or gambling-licensed event wagering should be assessed under the relevant gambling operations criterion.
Incidental, Non-Commercial, Third-Party-Hosted, or Ordinary Landlord Activity defined as: Companies or organizations whose only connection consists of occasional charitable or fundraising games, private or non-commercial gaming, promotional prize draws without a required wager, minor fair or exhibition games, ordinary leasing of generic multi-use premises, or hosting a third-party gambling operator at general-purpose premises without owning a purpose-built gambling venue or materially managing the gambling venue or service.
Passive Market-Access, Brand, Sponsorship, or Venue Rights Without Wagering Control defined as: Companies whose only connection is a passive brand licence, sponsorship, marketing association, ordinary venue-hosting arrangement, or market-access or landlord right that does not make the company a licensed operator, merchant of record, customer-contracting entity, wager acceptor or settler, platform manager, or material controller of customer wagering. Assess any dedicated gambling marketing or support service separately under Gambling Support Services.

Gambling Support Servicesevaluated

Identifies companies that supply products or services specifically designed, materially modified, marketed, or contracted to support gambling operations, including gambling equipment, software, game content, odds or trading data, affiliate marketing, white-label or managed platforms, external lottery services, and gambling-dedicated transaction, identity, location, KYC, fraud-control or compliance infrastructure. A company may qualify for Gambling Support Services even if it separately operates gambling under Gambling Operations, but generic services are excluded unless the product or service is dedicated to gambling.

Inclusion criteria

Gambling Equipment and Hardware Provision defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, sell, lease, install, maintain, or repair equipment specifically designed or materially modified for gambling operations, including slot machines, video lottery terminals, electronic gaming machines, gambling cabinets, casino table equipment, card shufflers, wagering kiosks, betting terminals, and related gambling-specific devices.
Gambling Software, Game Content, and Platform Technology defined as: Companies that develop, license, host, or supply software or digital content specifically designed for gambling operators or customer-facing gambling services, including casino games, remote gaming servers, random-number-generation systems, player-account-management systems, casino-management systems, sportsbook platforms, iGaming platforms, wagering engines, and gambling transaction systems. A company may also be classified under Gambling Operations if it separately operates gambling.
Lottery Systems, Ticketing, and External Lottery Services defined as: Companies that provide lottery-specific central systems, draw systems, terminals, ticket production, instant-ticket printing, ticket validation, digital lottery platforms, outsourced lottery administration, or external lottery management services to lottery operators. A company may also be classified under Gambling Operations if it owns, operates, manages, accepts, settles, or materially controls customer lottery wagers.
Wagering Data, Odds, Trading, and Risk Services defined as: Companies that provide gambling operators with operator-facing sports or racing data, official data feeds, odds compilation, market pricing, sportsbook trading, liability management, risk management, or bet-settlement services specifically used to create, manage, price, or settle wagering markets.
Gambling-Focused Marketing, Affiliate, and Lead-Generation Services defined as: Companies that operate gambling-focused affiliate networks or provide customer acquisition, lead generation, media buying, performance marketing, comparison services, revenue-share or cost-per-acquisition referrals, qualified-player leads, or managed promotional services specifically for casinos, sportsbooks, lotteries, or other gambling operators.
Turnkey, Managed, White-Label, and Operational Gambling Support Services defined as: Companies that provide turnkey gambling platforms, white-label gambling platforms, managed sportsbook or casino technology, market-access or skin-enablement services, external lottery management, casino-management consulting, player-management services, or other outsourced operational services to licensed gambling operators. The criterion applies to the support-service activity even if the company separately accepts or settles wagers under a different role, which should be assessed independently under Gambling Operations.
Gambling-Dedicated Transaction, Identity, Location and Compliance Infrastructure defined as: Companies that supply transaction processing, wallets, cash-access systems, account funding, payout, identity verification, age or KYC screening, geolocation, fraud prevention, player exclusion, compliance monitoring, or other infrastructure that is specifically and solely designed, marketed, or contracted for gambling operators or regulated gambling platforms.

Exclusion criteria

Gambling Operations Without Third-Party Support Activities defined as: Companies whose gambling involvement is limited to owning, operating, or managing casinos, sportsbooks, lotteries, racing wagering, gaming machines, or other customer-facing gambling services and that do not separately supply gambling-specific products or services to third-party operators. These activities should be assessed as Gambling Operations. Do not use this exclusion where distinct third-party support activity is evidenced.
Generic Technology, Cloud, and Communications Services defined as: Companies that provide general-purpose cloud hosting, data centres, telecommunications, cybersecurity, software, hardware, internet connectivity, or IT services that are not specifically designed or materially modified for gambling operations, even where gambling companies are among their customers.
General Payments, Financial Services, App Distribution, Identity and Compliance Services defined as: Banks, card networks, payment processors, digital wallets, lenders, insurers, app stores, identity-verification providers, geolocation providers, KYC/compliance providers, fraud-control providers, or financial-service companies offering broadly applicable products without a product or service that is specifically and solely designed, marketed, or contracted for gambling operations. Dedicated gambling transaction, identity, location, KYC or compliance infrastructure should be assessed under the Gambling-Dedicated Transaction, Identity, Location and Compliance Infrastructure criterion.
Generic Media, Advertising, Sponsorship, and Consumer Sports Data defined as: Media companies, broadcasters, sports leagues, teams, publishers, advertising agencies, social-media platforms, or consumer sports-data providers that only carry gambling advertisements, sponsorships, odds displays, or sports content but do not provide a dedicated gambling affiliate, customer-acquisition, odds, trading, or operator-facing wagering service.
Independent Regulation, Testing, Certification, and Harm-Reduction Services defined as: Regulators, independent testing laboratories, certification bodies, auditors, legal or compliance advisers, responsible-gambling organizations, treatment providers, and harm-reduction services whose role is limited to oversight, regulatory compliance, consumer protection, research, or reducing gambling-related harm rather than providing gambling products or operating infrastructure.
General Business, Generic Property, and Non-Specialized Supply Services defined as: Companies providing ordinary construction, real estate, leasing of generic multi-use premises, property maintenance, cleaning, security, staffing, recruitment, food service, hospitality, transportation, warehousing, office supplies, generic printing, or other general business services without a gambling-specific product, material modification, purpose-built gambling property ownership, or specialized gambling operating role.

Military Defense and Weaponsaggregator

A screen that aggregates Military Weapons, Munitions and Combat Platforms; Military Operational, Electronic and Space Systems; and Defense Operations, Infrastructure and Services.

Military Weapons, Munitions and Combat Platformsaggregator

A screen that aggregates Small Arms and Light Weapons; Heavy Weapons and Artillery Systems; Missiles, Rockets, Torpedoes and Launch Systems; Armoured Combat Vehicles; Military Aircraft and Aerial Systems; Military Naval Vessels and Underwater Systems; Weaponized Unmanned Platforms and Combat Systems; Conventional Ammunition, Bombs and Explosive Munitions; Military Weapons Components and Subsystems; and the separately maintained Controversial Weapons and Landmines branches.

Small Arms and Light Weaponsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, or sale of small arms or crew-portable light weapons specifically designed or materially modified for military use. This includes military pistols, rifles, carbines, submachine guns, machine guns, grenade launchers, portable anti-aircraft or anti-tank weapons, recoilless rifles, rocket-propelled grenade systems, portable missile or rocket launchers, and light mortars.

Inclusion criteria

Military Small Arms Production and Assembly defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, or assemble complete military pistols, revolvers, rifles, carbines, submachine guns, light machine guns, medium machine guns, heavy machine guns, or comparable small arms specifically designed or materially modified for use by armed forces.
Crew-Portable Light Weapons defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, or assemble complete grenade launchers, portable anti-aircraft or anti-tank weapons, recoilless rifles, rocket-propelled grenade systems, portable missile or rocket launchers, light mortars, or comparable crew-portable military weapons.
Military Small Arms and Light Weapons Development defined as: Companies that conduct product-specific research, design, engineering, prototyping, testing, or systems integration for complete small arms or light weapons intended for military use.
Military Small Arms and Light Weapons Sales and Supply defined as: Companies that sell, export, distribute, or supply identified small arms or light weapons to armed forces, defence ministries, authorized military procurement programmes, or military export customers.
Verified Historical Small Arms and Light Weapons Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, production, assembly, sale, export, or supply of military small arms or light weapons, even where the activity has ceased, been divested, or transferred.

Exclusion criteria

Civilian, Sporting, and Law-Enforcement-Only Firearms defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to civilian hunting, sporting, personal-protection, or law-enforcement use and lack verified military design, modification, procurement, or supply.
Ammunition Without Complete Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies that manufacture or sell only cartridges, rounds, grenades, mortar rounds, or other ammunition without developing, manufacturing, assembling, or selling complete small arms or light weapons. These activities are assessed under Conventional Ammunition, Bombs and Explosive Munitions.
Components and Accessories Without Complete Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only barrels, receivers, optics, sights, stocks, grips, mounts, suppressors, magazines, or other components or accessories without a complete-weapon role. Qualifying dedicated components are assessed under Military Weapons Components and Subsystems.
Deactivated, Antique, Replica, and Training-Only Weapons defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to permanently deactivated weapons, antiques, non-operational replicas, inert display items, or training devices that cannot be used as operational small arms or light weapons.
Unverified Military References defined as: Companies named only in broad military, contract, sanctions, catalogue, or programme references that do not identify the legal entity, complete weapon, exact role, and relevant time period.

Heavy Weapons and Artillery Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, integration, or sale of heavy direct-fire or indirect-fire weapon systems specifically designed or materially modified for military use. This includes guns, howitzers, cannon, large-calibre artillery, tank guns, naval guns, heavy mortars, anti-tank guns, and comparable military gun or artillery systems that are not crew-portable light weapons.

Inclusion criteria

Military Artillery and Gun-System Production defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, or assemble complete military artillery guns, howitzers, cannon, field guns, anti-aircraft guns, anti-tank guns, or comparable heavy direct-fire or indirect-fire weapon systems.
Tank, Naval, and Platform-Mounted Gun Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, or assemble complete tank guns, naval guns, remote or crewed heavy weapon stations, or other large-calibre gun systems intended for integration into military combat platforms.
Heavy Mortar and Recoilless Weapon Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, or assemble heavy mortars, heavy recoilless weapons, or comparable crew-served systems that are not portable light weapons.
Heavy Weapons Development, Integration, and Military Supply defined as: Companies that conduct product-specific development, integration, sale, export, or supply of identified heavy weapons or artillery systems to armed forces or authorized military programmes.
Verified Historical Heavy Weapons Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, production, assembly, integration, sale, export, or supply of heavy weapons or artillery systems.

Exclusion criteria

Small Arms and Crew-Portable Light Weapons defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to small arms, grenade launchers, rocket-propelled grenade systems, portable missile launchers, recoilless rifles, or light mortars that qualify as Small Arms and Light Weapons.
Ammunition and Projectiles Without Complete Gun Systems defined as: Companies that manufacture or sell only shells, projectiles, propellant charges, mortar rounds, or other ammunition without a complete heavy-weapon or artillery-system role. These activities are assessed under Conventional Ammunition, Bombs and Explosive Munitions.
Complete Combat Platforms Without Gun-System Production defined as: Companies that manufacture tanks, armoured vehicles, aircraft, or naval vessels but do not develop, manufacture, or integrate the qualifying heavy gun or artillery system.
Components Without Complete Heavy-Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only barrels, breech mechanisms, recoil systems, turrets, fire-control equipment, or other components without a complete-system role. Qualifying dedicated components are assessed under Military Weapons Components and Subsystems.
Civilian Industrial Equipment and Unverified References defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to civilian industrial machinery, ceremonial or museum guns, training replicas, or broad programme references without an exact military heavy-weapon deliverable.

Missiles, Rockets, Torpedoes and Launch Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, integration, or sale of complete conventional missiles, guided or unguided military rockets, torpedoes, or dedicated launch systems. This includes surface-to-air, surface-to-surface, air-launched, anti-ship, anti-tank, ballistic, cruise, hypersonic, and other military missile or rocket systems, as well as transport erector launchers, vertical launch systems, fixed launchers, canisters, and launch equipment materially integrated into the launch function.

Inclusion criteria

Complete Conventional Missile and Guided-Rocket Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or integrate complete conventional surface-to-air, surface-to-surface, air-launched, anti-ship, anti-tank, ballistic, cruise, hypersonic, or other guided military missile systems.
Unguided Military Rocket Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or integrate complete unguided military rockets or rocket systems that are not crew-portable light weapons.
Military Torpedo Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or integrate complete heavyweight, lightweight, anti-submarine, anti-surface, or other military torpedo systems.
Dedicated Launch Systems and Launch Equipment defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or integrate transport erector launchers, vertical launch systems, fixed launchers, launch canisters, missile rails, torpedo launch systems, or other equipment materially responsible for launching a qualifying missile, rocket, or torpedo.
Military Missile, Rocket, or Torpedo Sales and Supply defined as: Companies that sell, export, distribute, or supply identified complete missile, rocket, torpedo, or launch systems to armed forces or authorized military programmes.
Verified Historical Missile, Rocket, Torpedo, or Launcher Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, production, integration, sale, export, or supply of qualifying conventional missiles, rockets, torpedoes, or launch systems.

Exclusion criteria

Crew-Portable Light Weapons defined as: Companies whose products are limited to portable anti-aircraft or anti-tank launchers, rocket-propelled grenade systems, or other crew-portable light weapons assessed under Small Arms and Light Weapons.
Nuclear-Specific Missile and Launch Systems defined as: Companies whose identified role is specifically and materially tied to nuclear-capable missile systems or nuclear launch infrastructure. These activities are assessed under the applicable Nuclear Weapons screens.
Warheads, Charges, and Ammunition Without Complete Systems defined as: Companies that manufacture only conventional warheads, explosive charges, rocket motors sold as munition components, or other ammunition without a complete missile, rocket, torpedo, or launcher role. Qualifying activity is assessed under Conventional Ammunition, Bombs and Explosive Munitions or Military Weapons Components and Subsystems.
General Aircraft, Vessels, and Vehicles Without Launcher Responsibility defined as: Companies that manufacture aircraft, naval vessels, submarines, or ground vehicles capable of carrying missiles but do not develop, manufacture, integrate, or materially modify the qualifying missile or launch system.
Civil Space Launch Systems and Generic Aerospace Products defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to civil space-launch vehicles, commercial launch services, generic propulsion, electronics, or aerospace components without a verified conventional weapon or military-launch function.
Unverified Programme or Contract References defined as: Companies named only in broad missile, defence, sanctions, or procurement references that do not identify the legal entity, exact system, deliverable, and time period.

Armoured Combat Vehiclesevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, material modernization, or sale of military armoured combat vehicles, including main battle tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, armoured personnel carriers, armoured reconnaissance or fire-support vehicles, mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicles, and other armed or combat-configured armoured vehicles.

Inclusion criteria

Main Battle Tanks and Tank Platforms defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, materially modernize, or sell main battle tanks or comparable tracked or wheeled armoured vehicles designed for frontline combat.
Infantry Fighting Vehicles and Armoured Personnel Carriers defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, materially modernize, or sell infantry fighting vehicles, armoured personnel carriers, or comparable protected troop-transport vehicles intended for military operations.
Armoured Reconnaissance, Fire-Support, and MRAP Vehicles defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, materially modernize, or sell armoured reconnaissance vehicles, armoured fire-support vehicles, mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicles, or comparable combat-configured armoured vehicles.
Military Armoured Vehicle Integration and Supply defined as: Companies that perform vehicle-level integration, major combat-system installation, complete-vehicle sale, export, or supply for an identified armoured combat vehicle programme.
Verified Historical Armoured Combat Vehicle Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, assembly, material modernization, sale, export, or supply of armoured combat vehicles.

Exclusion criteria

Unarmoured Military Logistics Vehicles defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to unarmoured tactical trucks, cargo vehicles, refuellers, transporters, recovery vehicles, or other logistics platforms assessed under Military Logistics Vehicles and Dedicated Transport Systems.
Civilian Armoured and Security Vehicles defined as: Companies that produce armoured passenger vehicles, cash-in-transit vehicles, police vehicles, or civilian security vehicles without a verified military combat role or material military modification.
Weapons, Turrets, and Components Without Complete-Vehicle Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only guns, turrets, armour packages, drivetrains, tracks, electronics, sensors, or other components without vehicle-level development, manufacture, assembly, or integration. Qualifying dedicated components are assessed under Military Weapons Components and Subsystems.
Demilitarized, Museum, and Training-Only Vehicles defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to permanently demilitarized vehicles, museum restoration, display vehicles, replicas, or training mock-ups that are not operational armoured combat vehicles.
Unverified Military Vehicle References defined as: Companies named only in broad military-vehicle programmes, contracts, sanctions, or supplier lists that do not identify the exact vehicle, legal entity, material role, and relevant time period.

Military Aircraft and Aerial Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, material modification, or sale of manned aircraft or rotorcraft specifically designed or configured for military use, including combat, attack, reconnaissance, assault, training, refuelling, logistics, troop-transport, and other military aerial roles.

Inclusion criteria

Military Combat and Attack Aircraft defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or materially modify manned fighter, bomber, strike, ground-attack, close-air-support, or other combat aircraft specifically configured for military use.
Military Helicopters and Rotorcraft defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or materially modify attack, armed, assault, reconnaissance, transport, or other rotorcraft specifically configured for military use.
Military Reconnaissance, Training, Transport, and Refuelling Aircraft defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, assemble, or materially modify manned military reconnaissance aircraft, trainer aircraft, troop or cargo transports, aerial refuelling aircraft, maritime patrol aircraft, or comparable military aerial systems.
Military Aircraft Conversion, Integration, and Supply defined as: Companies that perform aircraft-level military conversion, mission-system integration, complete-aircraft sale, export, or supply for an identified military aircraft programme.
Verified Historical Military Aircraft Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, assembly, military conversion, integration, sale, export, or supply of military aircraft or rotorcraft.

Exclusion criteria

Unmanned Aerial Systems defined as: Companies whose identified products are unmanned aerial vehicles or unmanned combat systems assessed under Weaponized Unmanned Platforms and Combat Systems or other applicable unmanned-system categories.
Civil Aircraft Without Material Military Modification defined as: Companies that manufacture or operate civil passenger, cargo, business, agricultural, or general-aviation aircraft without a verified military-specific design, configuration, conversion, or contract deliverable.
Aircraft Weapons and Components Without Complete-Aircraft Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only missiles, bombs, guns, engines, avionics, sensors, mission systems, or other components without complete-aircraft development, manufacture, assembly, or material conversion. Qualifying products are assessed under their applicable weapons, munitions, or components screens.
Spacecraft, Missiles, and Expendable Munitions defined as: Companies whose identified products are spacecraft, launch vehicles, missiles, rockets, loitering munitions, or other expendable weapon systems rather than manned military aircraft or rotorcraft.
Maintenance, Leasing, or Commercial Aviation Services Without a Qualifying Aircraft Role defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to routine maintenance, leasing, airport services, commercial airline operations, or generic aerospace services without military aircraft development, manufacture, material conversion, or complete-aircraft supply.

Military Naval Vessels and Underwater Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, material modernization, or sale of vessels or underwater platforms specifically designed for military use, including warships, submarines not configured to carry nuclear weapons, amphibious combat vessels, mine-countermeasure vessels, and military support vessels with a dedicated defence role.

Inclusion criteria

Military Surface Combatants defined as: Companies that design, construct, assemble, materially modernize, or sell destroyers, frigates, corvettes, cruisers, patrol combatants, aircraft carriers, or other military surface combat vessels.
Non-Nuclear-Armed Submarines and Underwater Platforms defined as: Companies that design, construct, assemble, materially modernize, or sell conventional attack submarines, non-nuclear-armed submarines, military submersibles, or comparable underwater military platforms.
Amphibious, Mine-Countermeasure, and Specialized Military Vessels defined as: Companies that design, construct, assemble, materially modernize, or sell amphibious warfare vessels, mine-countermeasure vessels, military patrol vessels, or other specialized naval platforms.
Dedicated Military Support Vessels defined as: Companies that design, construct, assemble, materially modernize, or sell replenishment ships, military transport vessels, fleet auxiliaries, or other support vessels specifically designed for defence operations.
Verified Historical Military Naval Vessel Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the design, construction, assembly, modernization, sale, export, or supply of military naval vessels or underwater systems.

Exclusion criteria

Nuclear-Armed Submarines defined as: Companies whose identified role concerns submarines designed, configured, or materially modified to carry and launch nuclear weapons. These activities are assessed under Nuclear-Armed Submarines.
Civilian and Commercial Vessels defined as: Companies that design, construct, operate, or service merchant ships, ferries, cruise ships, yachts, fishing vessels, offshore vessels, or other civilian vessels without a verified military-specific design or material modification.
Naval Weapons and Components Without Complete-Vessel Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only naval guns, missiles, torpedoes, radars, propulsion, combat systems, or other components without vessel-level development, construction, assembly, or material modernization. Qualifying products are assessed under their applicable weapons or components screens.
Routine Shipyard and Maintenance Services Without a Material Modernization Role defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to ordinary repair, dry-docking, painting, cleaning, crewing, port services, or routine maintenance without a complete-vessel construction or material modernization role.
Decommissioned, Museum, and Replica Vessels defined as: Companies whose identified involvement is limited to decommissioning, dismantling, museum preservation, display, or non-operational replicas rather than operational military vessels.

Controversial Weaponsaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Nuclear Weapons, Chemical Weapons, Biological and Toxin Weapons, Cluster Munitions, Blinding Laser Weapons, White Phosphorus, Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), Depleted Uranium Weapons, Munitions and Dedicated Components, and Non-Detectable Fragment Weapons screens.

Nuclear Weaponsaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Strategic Nuclear Warheads, Tactical Nuclear Warheads, Nuclear Warheads — Unspecified or Multi-Role, Nuclear Delivery Systems, Nuclear Weapons Components and Materials, and Nuclear Weapons Support Services screens.

Strategic Nuclear Warheadsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the the development, production, or maintenance of strategic nuclear warheads designed for long-range military applications.

Inclusion criteria

Strategic Warhead Developers defined as: Companies involved in the design, engineering, or production of nuclear warheads for intercontinental or submarine-launched missiles, or long-range strategic bombers.
Warhead Assembly and Sustainment defined as: Companies engaged in the physical construction, refurbishment, or lifecycle management of strategic nuclear warheads.
Strategic Reentry and Payload Integration defined as: Companies responsible for integrating warheads into reentry vehicles or payload bays of strategic delivery platforms.
Arming, Fuzing, and Safety Systems (Strategic Use) defined as: Companies that provide warhead detonation and targeting systems designed for strategic nuclear deployment.
Facilities Supporting Strategic Stockpiles defined as: Contractors managing facilities that store, test, or service strategic nuclear warheads.

Exclusion criteria

Tactical-Only Warhead Producers defined as: Companies that manufacture only battlefield or theater nuclear weapons.
Delivery System Manufacturers Without Warhead Involvement defined as: Companies that make ICBMs or bombers but don’t produce or integrate nuclear warheads.
General Nuclear Material Suppliers defined as: Companies that provide uranium/plutonium or isotopes for civilian or medical use without weapons-related activity.
Simulators, Non-Operational Systems defined as: Training or simulation providers without operational warhead development roles.

Tactical Nuclear Warheadsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the the development, production, or maintenance of tactical nuclear warheads intended for short-range battlefield use.

Inclusion criteria

Tactical Warhead Designers and Builders defined as: Companies that design or manufacture warheads intended for short- or medium-range delivery (e.g., via artillery shells, short-range ballistic/cruise missiles, or gravity bombs).
Defense Contracts for Tactical Nuclear Programs defined as: Companies named in military contracts relating to battlefield nuclear capabilities.
Miniaturized Nuclear Payload Engineers defined as: Companies working on compact warhead designs intended for tactical delivery systems.
Maintenance and Refurbishment Contractors (Tactical Warheads) defined as: Companies that manage lifecycle support for deployed or stockpiled tactical nuclear weapons.
Arming and Targeting Systems for Tactical Use defined as: Providers of detonation, timing, and target acquisition systems customized for tactical warheads.

Exclusion criteria

Strategic-Only Warhead Manufacturers defined as: Companies solely engaged in high-yield, intercontinental nuclear warhead programs.
Missile or Delivery Vehicle Producers Only defined as: Companies that produce launch systems without involvement in tactical warhead development.
Nuclear Research Entities (Non-Weapons) defined as: Research institutes or companies working on nuclear energy or non-weaponized isotope applications.
Training, Education, or Simulation-Only Entities defined as: Firms providing mock-ups, training, or simulation systems not tied to actual weapon development.

Nuclear Warheads — Unspecified or Multi-Roleevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, maintenance, or lifecycle support of nuclear warheads where public evidence does not clearly identify the warhead as strategic or tactical, or where the warhead can serve multiple operational roles.

Inclusion criteria

Unspecified Nuclear Warhead Developers defined as: Companies involved in the design, engineering, development, production, assembly, or integration of nuclear warheads where public evidence does not clearly identify the warhead as strategic or tactical.
Multi-Role or Variable-Yield Warhead Producers defined as: Companies that design, produce, integrate, or maintain nuclear warheads that can serve multiple operational roles, delivery modes, or yield configurations.
Warhead Assembly and Sustainment (Unspecified or Multi-Role) defined as: Companies engaged in the construction, refurbishment, life-extension, lifecycle management, or material sustainment of nuclear warheads where the strategic or tactical role is mixed, classified, or not publicly specified.
Reentry, Payload, or Bomb Integration (Unspecified or Multi-Role) defined as: Companies responsible for integrating nuclear warheads into reentry vehicles, payload bays, gravity-bomb assemblies, or other nuclear payload systems where the role is mixed or not publicly specified.
Mixed-Stockpile Warhead Facility Operators defined as: Contractors managing or operating facilities that store, test, service, assemble, disassemble, refurbish, or steward nuclear warheads across mixed or unspecified stockpiles.

Exclusion criteria

Strategic-Only Warhead Involvement defined as: Companies whose publicly evidenced involvement is limited to strategic nuclear warheads, which should be classified under Strategic Nuclear Warheads.
Tactical-Only Warhead Involvement defined as: Companies whose publicly evidenced involvement is limited to tactical nuclear warheads, which should be classified under Tactical Nuclear Warheads.
Delivery System Manufacturers Without Warhead Involvement defined as: Companies that manufacture aircraft, submarines, missiles, launchers, or other delivery systems without evidence of nuclear warhead development, production, assembly, integration, or sustainment.
Civilian Nuclear Materials or Research defined as: Companies involved only in civilian nuclear power, civilian nuclear fuel, medical isotopes, basic nuclear research, or non-weaponized nuclear applications.
Training or Simulation Without Operational Warhead Nexus defined as: Companies providing training, education, simulation, or modelling without confirmed involvement in operational nuclear warhead design, development, certification, production, or sustainment.

Nuclear Delivery Systemsaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Nuclear Missile Systems, Nuclear-Armed Submarines, Nuclear-Capable Aircraft, and Nuclear Missile Launchers and Launch Infrastructure screens.

Nuclear Missile Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, or material lifecycle support of missile systems designed, designated, or materially modified to deliver nuclear warheads, including intercontinental ballistic missiles, submarine-launched ballistic missiles, and nuclear-capable cruise missiles.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Missile System Integrators defined as: Companies that lead or materially participate in the final assembly, integration, modification, or certification of missile systems designed or designated for nuclear payloads, including ICBMs, SLBMs, and nuclear-capable cruise missiles.
Reentry Vehicle and Payload Integration defined as: Companies involved in designing, producing, or integrating reentry vehicles, payload buses, payload bays, or related structures that carry, protect, or deploy nuclear warheads on missile systems.
Nuclear Missile Structural Assembly defined as: Companies that assemble or produce key missile structures, boosters, stages, motor cases, payload bays, or related assemblies specifically for nuclear-capable missile systems.
Material Nuclear Missile Programme Contracts defined as: Companies named in government, military, or prime-contractor programmes involving nuclear missiles where the contract involves a direct and material missile-system deliverable, such as integration, propulsion, guidance, reentry, structure, launch-control hardware, or missile lifecycle support.

Exclusion criteria

Nuclear-Capable Delivery Platform Manufacturers Without Nuclear Missile System Involvement defined as: Companies that manufacture aircraft, submarines, ground vehicles, or other delivery platforms but do not assemble, integrate, modify, certify, or materially support the nuclear missile system itself.
Warhead Manufacturers Only defined as: Companies involved only in nuclear warhead production, development, or maintenance without involvement in missile-system assembly, integration, or material missile-system support.
Conventional Missile Producers Only defined as: Companies that exclusively build missile systems not designed, designated, certified, or materially modified to carry nuclear payloads.
General Aerospace, IT, or Component Suppliers defined as: Companies that supply generic aerospace, defence, electronics, software, telemetry, construction, or IT products without confirmed nuclear-missile-specific use or material modification.
Training, Simulation, and Non-Operational Test Support Without Missile-System Deliverable defined as: Companies involved only in training, classroom instruction, generic simulation, mock-ups, or non-operational test support without a direct nuclear missile-system deliverable.

Nuclear-Armed Submarinesevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, or sale of submarines designed, configured, or materially modified to carry and launch nuclear weapons, including ballistic-missile submarines and other submarine platforms with a verified nuclear-strike role.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear-Armed Submarine Designers defined as: Companies that design complete submarine platforms intended to carry and launch nuclear weapons.
Nuclear-Armed Submarine Manufacturers defined as: Companies that manufacture complete ballistic-missile submarines or other submarine platforms with a verified nuclear-weapons delivery role.
Nuclear-Armed Submarine Prime Contractors defined as: Companies serving as prime contractors for the construction, delivery, or material integration of an identified nuclear-armed submarine class.
Nuclear-Armed Submarine System Integrators defined as: Companies responsible for final platform integration of the submarine, its nuclear-weapons mission systems, and its launch capability.
Submarine Nuclear-Weapons Mission Conversion defined as: Companies that materially modify, convert, or certify submarines to carry or launch nuclear weapons.
Government Contracts for Nuclear-Armed Submarine Platforms defined as: Companies awarded or materially participating in contracts involving the design, construction, final assembly, conversion, or material integration of an identified nuclear-armed submarine platform.
Verified Nuclear Cruise-Missile Submarine Producers defined as: Companies involved in submarines configured for a verified nuclear-armed cruise-missile mission, even where the platform is not classified as a ballistic-missile submarine.

Exclusion criteria

Nuclear-Powered but Conventionally Armed Submarines defined as: Companies involved in nuclear-powered attack, patrol, support, or special-purpose submarines where no nuclear-weapons delivery role is established.
Conventionally Powered and Conventionally Armed Submarines defined as: Companies involved in conventionally powered submarines or conventionally armed submarine platforms without a verified nuclear-weapons delivery role.
Submarine Nuclear Propulsion Suppliers Only defined as: Companies that supply naval reactors, propulsion plants, fuel, or propulsion services without involvement in the nuclear-weapons delivery function of the submarine platform.
Nuclear Missile Manufacturers Only defined as: Companies that produce submarine-launched nuclear missiles but are not involved in the design, construction, conversion, or integration of the submarine platform.
Generic or Non-Nuclear-Specific Submarine Components defined as: Companies that supply sonar, navigation, communications, hull, electrical, mechanical, or other submarine components without a nuclear-weapons-specific function.
Maintenance and Support Services Only defined as: Companies that only maintain, refit, secure, or support nuclear-armed submarines without involvement in the submarine platform’s design, construction, conversion, or material integration.
Unverified Theoretical Nuclear Capability defined as: Companies involved in submarines that could theoretically carry a nuclear-capable weapon where the nuclear mission is not designed, contracted, certified, operationally assigned, or otherwise credibly verified.
Nuclear-Weapons-Specific Submarine Components Without Platform Role defined as: Companies that produce missile compartments, launch tubes, weapons-handling systems, nuclear-specific fire-control systems, or other components for nuclear-armed submarines but do not design, build, convert, or integrate the complete submarine platform. Evaluate these companies under Nuclear Weapons Components and Materials or Nuclear Missile Launchers and Launch Infrastructure where applicable.
Generic Shipyard or Infrastructure Services defined as: Companies that provide generic shipyard construction, facilities, dockyard, office, logistics, civil infrastructure, or engineering services without a demonstrated nuclear-armed submarine platform role.

Nuclear-Capable Aircraftevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, production, integration, or material modification of aircraft designed, certified, or operationally assigned to deliver nuclear warheads or nuclear weapons.

Inclusion criteria

Aircraft Manufacturers for Nuclear Delivery defined as: Companies that design, develop, produce, assemble, or materially modify aircraft designed, certified, or operationally assigned to carry nuclear weapons or nuclear warheads.
Nuclear Weapon Integration on Aircraft defined as: Companies that integrate nuclear bombs, nuclear-capable cruise missiles, release systems, arming interfaces, weapons bays, pylons, hardpoints, or mission systems for aircraft nuclear-delivery roles.
Dual-Capable Aircraft Upgrade Contractors defined as: Companies that provide material upgrades, modifications, avionics, fire-control, or mission-system work enabling an aircraft to perform a nuclear-delivery mission.
Prime Contractors in Nuclear Air-Delivery Programmes defined as: Companies named as prime contractors or material subcontractors in government programmes for aircraft used in strategic or tactical nuclear missions.
Nuclear-Certification or Qualification Contractors defined as: Companies that conduct aircraft qualification, certification, or integration work specifically required for nuclear-weapons carriage or deployment.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional-Only Aircraft Manufacturers defined as: Companies that manufacture military or civilian aircraft without evidence that the aircraft is designed, certified, or operationally assigned to deliver nuclear weapons.
General Aircraft Parts Suppliers defined as: Companies that provide generic engines, avionics, structures, interiors, electronics, or maintenance services without confirmed nuclear-delivery use or material modification.
Aircraft Maintenance Unrelated to Nuclear Mission defined as: Companies performing ordinary aircraft maintenance, repair, overhaul, or logistics without a documented role in maintaining the nuclear-delivery capability.
Training or Simulation-Only Aircraft Providers defined as: Companies providing pilot training, simulators, or instructional services for nuclear-capable aircraft without involvement in the aircraft or weapons integration itself.
Warhead or Missile Producers Without Aircraft Role defined as: Companies that produce nuclear warheads or nuclear-capable missiles but do not produce, modify, certify, or integrate the aircraft delivery platform.

Nuclear Missile Launchers and Launch Infrastructureevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, production, integration, construction, or material support of launch systems or launch infrastructure specifically designed or materially modified for nuclear missile systems.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Missile Launcher Manufacturers defined as: Companies that design, produce, assemble, or integrate launchers specifically for nuclear-capable missiles, including silo launchers, mobile launchers, submarine launch systems, or aircraft launch interfaces.
ICBM Silo and Missile-Field Infrastructure Contractors defined as: Companies that construct, modernize, or materially support silos, launch-control centres, missile fields, or hardened infrastructure specifically for nuclear missile systems.
Submarine Missile Launch System Providers defined as: Companies that design, produce, integrate, or materially support missile tubes, launch canisters, hatches, gas-management systems, or related systems for submarine-launched nuclear missiles.
Mobile Nuclear Missile Launcher and Transporter Producers defined as: Companies that produce or integrate transporter-erector-launchers, mobile launch vehicles, or purpose-built deployment systems for nuclear-capable ballistic or cruise missiles.
Nuclear Missile Handling and Loading Systems defined as: Companies that provide missile handling, loading, erection, launch preparation, or launch-support equipment specifically for nuclear-capable missile systems.

Exclusion criteria

Generic Construction or Civil Works Providers defined as: Companies providing ordinary construction, civil engineering, or infrastructure services without a documented nuclear-missile launcher or launch-infrastructure scope.
Conventional Missile Launcher Producers Only defined as: Companies that produce launchers or launch infrastructure solely for missiles not designed, designated, certified, or materially modified for nuclear payloads.
Civilian Space Launch Systems defined as: Companies involved only in civilian, commercial, or scientific space-launch infrastructure without nuclear-weapons delivery application.
Generic Logistics Providers Without Launcher Control defined as: Companies transporting materials or equipment without responsibility for the launcher, launch-control system, or launch-infrastructure deliverable.
Disarmament, Decommissioning, or Demolition-Only Work defined as: Companies working only on verified dismantlement, conversion, remediation, or destruction of former nuclear missile launch infrastructure.

Nuclear Weapons Components and Materialsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, production, processing, integration, or supply of components, materials, or subsystems developed or significantly modified for use in nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.

Inclusion criteria

Exclusive-Use Nuclear Weapon Components defined as: Companies that produce, assemble, or supply components developed or significantly modified for exclusive or dedicated use in nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, or nuclear-specific delivery systems.
Weapons-Grade Fissile Material Production or Processing defined as: Companies involved in producing, processing, enriching, fabricating, or handling fissile materials specifically for nuclear weapons, including weapons-grade uranium or plutonium.
Tritium and Specialized Nuclear Materials for Weapons defined as: Companies that produce, recover, process, store, or supply tritium, lithium compounds, or other specialized materials with confirmed nuclear-weapons end use.
Warhead Arming, Fuzing, Firing, Triggering, or Detonation Components defined as: Companies that provide arming, fuzing, firing sets, triggers, detonators, safing systems, use-control systems, or other detonation-related components specifically for nuclear warheads.
Warhead Non-Nuclear Component Manufacturers defined as: Companies that produce high explosives, neutron generators, gas-transfer systems, radiation cases, reentry bodies, payload interfaces, or other non-nuclear components specifically for nuclear warheads.
Nuclear-Specific Delivery-System Components defined as: Companies that provide propulsion, guidance, missile structures, launch tubes, payload bays, fire-control interfaces, or other subsystems developed or significantly modified for nuclear-specific delivery systems.

Exclusion criteria

Civilian Nuclear Fuel and Power Materials defined as: Companies involved only in uranium mining, civilian enrichment, reactor fuel fabrication, MOX fuel for civilian reactors, reactor components, nuclear power generation, or civilian nuclear waste management.
Medical, Industrial, or Research Isotopes defined as: Companies involved only in isotope production or supply for medical, industrial, research, agricultural, or non-weaponized applications.
Generic Aerospace, Electronics, Metals, or Chemicals defined as: Companies that supply generic materials, electronics, casings, software, telemetry, metals, chemicals, or industrial inputs without confirmed nuclear-weapons-specific design, modification, or end use.
Dual-Use Components Without Nuclear-Specific Evidence defined as: Companies producing dual-use products that could be used in nuclear weapons but are not documented as developed, significantly modified, or supplied for nuclear-weapons use.
Civilian Nuclear Power Plant Components defined as: Companies providing systems, components, technology, maintenance, or services solely for civilian nuclear power plants or reactors.
Disarmament, Remediation, or Waste-Only Services defined as: Companies handling nuclear materials only for verified disarmament, destruction, environmental remediation, civilian waste management, or treaty-compliance purposes.

Nuclear Weapons Support Servicesaggregator

A screen that aggregates nuclear-weapons-related support activities, including research and engineering support, maintenance and lifecycle services, storage and stewardship, testing and simulation, transportation and logistics, sale, transfer, distribution and promotion support, procurement and supply support, and nuclear command, control and communications.

Nuclear Weapons Research, Development and Engineering Supportevaluated

Identifies companies that provide research, design, engineering, systems-integration, technical advisory, or programmatic support specifically for nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear missile systems, or nuclear-armed delivery platforms.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Weapons R&D Contractors defined as: Companies performing research or development specifically for nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear missile systems, or nuclear-armed delivery platforms.
Nuclear Systems Engineering Providers defined as: Companies providing systems engineering, requirements management, architecture, integration planning, technical advisory, or programme engineering specifically for nuclear-weapons programmes.
Government-Funded Nuclear Weapons Engineering Programmes defined as: Companies receiving government or military funding for engineering, design, prototype, or modernization work connected to nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.
Nuclear Laboratory Technical Support Providers defined as: Companies providing technical services to nuclear-weapons laboratories or production facilities where the work supports warhead design, stockpile modernization, or weapon-system development.
Nuclear-Specific Component and Subsystem Design Support defined as: Companies designing or engineering components, materials, software, or subsystems specifically for nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.

Exclusion criteria

Civilian Nuclear Research and Engineering defined as: Companies performing research, design, engineering, or testing solely for civilian nuclear energy, medical isotopes, industrial isotopes, or non-weaponized nuclear applications.
Generic Defense Engineering defined as: Companies providing general military engineering or advisory services without a documented nuclear-weapons programme, system, facility, or component nexus.
Academic, Policy, Arms-Control, or Humanitarian Research defined as: Organizations conducting non-commercial, policy, compliance, medical, humanitarian, disarmament, or arms-control research without developing or supporting operational nuclear weapons.
Training and Operational Readiness Only defined as: Companies providing nuclear-force training, exercises, operational readiness, or educational services only. This screen is excluded per methodology instruction unless tied to covered R&D or engineering work.
Environmental Remediation or Cleanup Only defined as: Companies performing environmental remediation, cleanup, waste handling, or site restoration without materially supporting nuclear-weapons development or operation.

Nuclear Weapons Maintenance, Repair and Lifecycle Servicesevaluated

Identifies companies that repair, maintain, refurbish, overhaul, upgrade, modernize, or provide lifecycle services for nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear-specific delivery systems, or nuclear-weapons facilities.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Weapon Maintenance Contractors defined as: Companies that inspect, maintain, repair, refurbish, overhaul, or restore nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear missiles, or nuclear-specific delivery systems to operational condition.
Life-Extension and Modernization Contractors defined as: Companies engaged in life-extension, refurbishment, upgrade, modernization, or sustainment programmes for nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.
Stockpile Sustainment Service Providers defined as: Companies providing lifecycle management, reliability assurance, component replacement, or surveillance services for deployed or stored nuclear weapons or warheads.
Nuclear-Specific Delivery Platform Lifecycle Support defined as: Companies providing lifecycle services to nuclear-armed submarines, nuclear-capable aircraft, or other nuclear-delivery platforms where the work materially supports the nuclear-weapons capability.
Replacement Parts and Upgrade Kits for Nuclear Systems defined as: Companies producing or supplying spare parts, upgrade kits, replacement assemblies, or repair services specifically for nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.

Exclusion criteria

Generic Military Equipment Maintenance defined as: Companies providing ordinary maintenance, repair, overhaul, logistics, or parts for general military assets without a confirmed nuclear-weapons-specific role.
Civilian Nuclear Facility Maintenance defined as: Companies maintaining civilian nuclear reactors, nuclear power plants, civilian fuel facilities, or medical/industrial isotope infrastructure only.
Disarmament, Demilitarization, or Destruction Services defined as: Companies whose work is limited to dismantling, destroying, demilitarizing, deactivating, or rendering nuclear weapons or components permanently non-operational.
Training or Simulation-Only Services defined as: Companies providing maintenance training, simulations, mock-ups, or classroom support without performing operational maintenance or lifecycle services.
Historical Maintenance With Verified Disengagement defined as: Companies formerly involved in nuclear weapons maintenance or lifecycle support that have exited the activity and have no current or ongoing role within the defined lookback period.

Nuclear Weapons Storage and Stockpile Stewardshipevaluated

Identifies companies that manage, operate, or support facilities or services used for storing, securing, testing, servicing, refurbishing, or managing nuclear-weapons stockpiles or nuclear warheads.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Facility Operators defined as: Companies that manage or operate facilities used to store, service, assemble, disassemble, refurbish, test, or steward nuclear weapons or nuclear warheads.
Stockpile Stewardship Contractors defined as: Companies providing science, engineering, surveillance, certification, reliability, or assurance services for the ongoing safety, security, or effectiveness of nuclear weapon stockpiles.
Weapons-Grade Material Storage or Custody Providers defined as: Companies managing custody, inventory, handling, or storage of weapons-grade nuclear materials or nuclear-warhead components for military stockpiles.
Nuclear Weapons Depot and Bunker Management defined as: Companies operating or managing depots, bunkers, vaults, or other storage locations specifically used for nuclear weapons, warheads, or nuclear-specific components.
Mixed Warhead Stockpile Support defined as: Companies supporting facilities that handle multiple nuclear warhead types or stockpile programmes where public sources do not identify the individual warhead types.

Exclusion criteria

Civilian Nuclear Fuel or Waste Storage defined as: Companies storing uranium, reactor fuel, spent fuel, radioactive waste, or other materials solely for civilian nuclear power, medical, research, or industrial uses.
Humanitarian Disarmament or Treaty-Compliance Storage defined as: Entities temporarily storing nuclear weapons or components only for verified dismantlement, destruction, disarmament, treaty compliance, or forensic analysis.
Generic Warehousing Without Knowledge or Control defined as: Warehousing, property, or logistics firms without knowledge of, control over, or contractual responsibility for nuclear-weapons contents or stockpile management.
Environmental Remediation Only defined as: Companies supporting nuclear-weapons sites solely through cleanup, remediation, waste removal, or environmental restoration without operational stockpile support.
Civilian Nuclear Power Plant Support defined as: Companies providing storage, security, maintenance, or waste services solely for civilian nuclear power plants or civilian fuel-cycle facilities.

Nuclear Weapons Testing and Simulationevaluated

Identifies companies that provide physical testing, test instrumentation, evaluation, high-performance computing, modelling, simulation, or test-range support specifically for nuclear-weapons design, certification, stockpile assurance, or modernization.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Weapons Test and Evaluation Contractors defined as: Companies that conduct, support, instrument, evaluate, or analyze physical testing for nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear-specific components, or nuclear delivery systems.
Stockpile Simulation and Certification Providers defined as: Companies providing modelling, simulation, code development, computational science, or certification support for nuclear-weapons stockpile assurance or modernization.
Dedicated High-Performance Computing for Nuclear Weapons defined as: Companies designing, building, operating, or materially supporting supercomputing or high-performance computing systems dedicated to nuclear-weapons laboratories or stockpile simulation programmes.
Nuclear Test Site and Range Support Providers defined as: Companies operating, maintaining, or materially supporting test sites, ranges, facilities, instrumentation, diagnostics, or data systems used for nuclear-weapons testing or evaluation.
Nuclear Missile and Delivery-System Test Support defined as: Companies providing operationally relevant test instrumentation, telemetry, evaluation, or validation for nuclear missile systems or nuclear-specific delivery platforms.

Exclusion criteria

Training and Operational Readiness Simulators defined as: Companies providing training simulators, classroom tools, exercises, or operational-readiness simulations only. This excluded screen category is not being created per user instruction.
General-Purpose IT or Computing Providers defined as: Companies providing ordinary cloud, hardware, software, data centre, or IT services without a dedicated nuclear-weapons simulation, certification, or testing nexus.
Civilian Nuclear Safety or Reactor Simulation defined as: Companies simulating or testing civilian reactors, nuclear power plants, nuclear medicine, industrial radiography, or civilian radiation safety only.
Arms-Control, Humanitarian, or Academic Impact Modelling defined as: Organizations modelling nuclear risk, humanitarian effects, nonproliferation, arms-control verification, or policy scenarios without supporting operational weapons development or certification.
Inert, Display, or Non-Operational Demonstration Testing defined as: Companies testing replicas, inert devices, museum items, or non-operational mock-ups without connection to operational weapon performance, certification, or modernization.

Nuclear Weapons Transportation and Logisticsevaluated

Identifies companies that knowingly transport, handle, store in transit, or provide logistics systems or services specifically for nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear missiles, nuclear-specific components, or nuclear-weapons materials.

Inclusion criteria

Transporters of Nuclear Weapons or Warheads defined as: Companies that knowingly transport nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, or nuclear explosive devices between production, storage, testing, deployment, or dismantlement locations.
Specialized Nuclear Missile or Warhead Logistics Systems defined as: Companies that produce or operate specialized transporters, containers, handling systems, loading systems, or logistics equipment for nuclear weapons, nuclear missiles, or nuclear warheads.
Nuclear Materials Logistics for Weapons Programmes defined as: Companies transporting, handling, or providing logistics for weapons-grade fissile material, tritium, or nuclear-warhead components with confirmed weapons-programme end use.
Custodial Logistics Providers for Nuclear Weapons defined as: Companies with contractual custody, inventory control, routing authority, security responsibility, or handling responsibility for nuclear weapons, warheads, missiles, or key components.
Deployment Logistics for Nuclear-Specific Delivery Systems defined as: Companies providing logistics or handling services for operational deployment of nuclear missile systems, nuclear-capable delivery platforms, or their key nuclear-specific components.

Exclusion criteria

Generic Freight or Courier Services Without Knowledge or Control defined as: Freight forwarders, couriers, storage providers, or logistics firms that do not know, control, route, or manage nuclear-weapons contents or end use.
Civilian Nuclear Fuel or Waste Transport defined as: Companies transporting civilian reactor fuel, spent fuel, radioactive waste, medical isotopes, or industrial radioactive materials without a weapons-specific nexus.
Transport for Verified Disarmament or Destruction Only defined as: Entities transporting nuclear weapons, materials, or components only for verified dismantlement, destruction, treaty compliance, remediation, or humanitarian purposes.
Conventional Munitions or Military Logistics Only defined as: Companies transporting conventional weapons, ordinary military supplies, or non-nuclear defence equipment without confirmed nuclear-weapons-specific involvement.
Administrative Travel or General Supply Chain Services defined as: Companies providing personnel travel, commercial shipping, general procurement logistics, or ordinary supply-chain services not specific to nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.

Nuclear Weapons Sale, Transfer, Distribution and Promotionevaluated

Identifies companies that sell, broker, transfer, distribute, market, promote, or provide authorized commercial support for nuclear weapons, nuclear-specific delivery systems, nuclear warheads, or key nuclear-weapons components.

Inclusion criteria

Sellers or Brokers of Nuclear Weapons or Nuclear-Specific Systems defined as: Companies that sell, broker, commercially supply, or facilitate transactions for nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, nuclear-specific delivery systems, or key nuclear-weapons components.
Authorized Agents or Distributors for Nuclear-Specific Components defined as: Entities with distribution rights, authorized agent status, or supply-chain responsibility for components, materials, or systems specifically developed or significantly modified for nuclear weapons.
Transfer Facilitators for Nuclear Weapons Programmes defined as: Companies arranging or supporting the transfer, handoff, export, import, reallocation, or trans-shipment of nuclear weapons, nuclear-specific delivery systems, or key components between parties.
Promotion or Marketing of Nuclear-Specific Weapon Systems defined as: Companies that market, advertise, showcase, promote, or prepare sales material for nuclear weapons, nuclear-specific delivery systems, or key nuclear-weapons components.
Multi-Weapon Sales Including Nuclear-Specific Systems defined as: Companies involved in broader military sales packages where nuclear-specific delivery systems, nuclear warheads, or key nuclear-weapons components are a documented part of the transaction.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional-Only Weapons Sales defined as: Companies selling, brokering, or distributing weapons systems that are not designed, designated, certified, or materially modified for nuclear weapons delivery or use.
Civilian Nuclear Equipment or Material Sales defined as: Companies selling civilian nuclear reactors, reactor fuel, civilian enrichment services, medical isotopes, radiation equipment, or nuclear power technology without a weapons-specific nexus.
Neutral Media, Research, or Advocacy defined as: Media outlets, academics, NGOs, analysts, or researchers discussing nuclear weapons without commercial promotion, sale, brokering, or distribution intent.
Generic Marketing or Advertising Firms Without Control defined as: Marketing, advertising, event, or communications firms producing general material under contract without controlling or endorsing nuclear-specific weapons promotion.
Historic Sales With Verified Disengagement defined as: Companies that previously sold, transferred, or promoted nuclear-specific systems but have ceased the activity and have no current or ongoing role within the defined lookback period.

Nuclear Weapons Procurement and Supply Supportevaluated

Identifies companies that procure, source, supply, or facilitate the acquisition of goods, equipment, technology, or materials specifically for nuclear-weapons programmes or nuclear-specific delivery systems.

Inclusion criteria

Procurement Agents for Nuclear Weapons Programmes defined as: Companies that procure, source, broker, or acquire goods, equipment, technology, or materials on behalf of nuclear weapons programmes or nuclear-specific delivery-system programmes.
Sanctions-Identified Nuclear or Missile Procurement Networks defined as: Entities identified by government sanctions, export-control actions, or enforcement records as supporting nuclear weapons, nuclear-warhead, or nuclear-capable missile procurement.
Supply-Chain Intermediaries With Nuclear End-Use Knowledge defined as: Companies that supply or route items with knowledge, documentation, or reasonable evidence that the end use is a nuclear-weapons programme or nuclear-specific delivery system.
Controlled Goods and Technology Suppliers for Nuclear Weapons defined as: Companies supplying controlled equipment, components, software, machinery, materials, or technology specifically required for nuclear weapons or nuclear-specific delivery systems.
Entities Acting for State Nuclear-Weapons Organizations defined as: Companies acting as fronts, agents, purchasing offices, or supply facilitators for state-owned or military organizations responsible for nuclear weapons or nuclear-capable missile programmes.

Exclusion criteria

Routine Procurement of General Goods defined as: Companies supplying office goods, commercial equipment, general maintenance items, or ordinary services without a documented nuclear-weapons programme or nuclear-specific end use.
Suppliers Without Knowledge or Nuclear-Specific Evidence defined as: Companies supplying dual-use or generic goods without evidence of knowledge, direction, material modification, or documented end use in nuclear weapons programmes.
Civilian Nuclear Power Procurement defined as: Procurement or supply activity solely for civilian nuclear power plants, civilian fuel-cycle facilities, medical isotopes, or industrial radioactive-material uses.
Export-Control Violations Unrelated to Nuclear Weapons defined as: Companies involved in sanctions or export-control violations that do not relate to nuclear weapons, nuclear warheads, or nuclear-specific delivery systems.
Humanitarian, Forensic, or Disarmament Procurement defined as: Entities procuring goods or services solely for disarmament, treaty compliance, nuclear security, environmental remediation, humanitarian response, or forensic analysis.

Nuclear Command, Control and Communications (NC3)evaluated

Identifies companies that develop, produce, integrate, operate, or materially support command, control, communications, targeting, launch-control, fire-control, or early-warning systems specifically designed or materially modified for nuclear-weapons operations.

Inclusion criteria

Nuclear Command and Control System Developers defined as: Companies that develop, produce, integrate, operate, or materially support command-and-control systems specifically designed or materially modified for nuclear weapons operations.
Nuclear Launch-Control or Fire-Control Providers defined as: Companies providing launch-control, fire-control, targeting, arming-control, mission-planning, or weapon-control systems specifically for nuclear missile systems or nuclear-armed delivery platforms.
Strategic Nuclear Communications Providers defined as: Companies providing dedicated strategic communications, very-low-frequency communications, airborne command-post systems, or other communications systems designed for nuclear-force command and control.
Nuclear Early-Warning and Decision-Support Systems defined as: Companies developing or materially supporting nuclear-specific early-warning, sensor-fusion, decision-support, or alerting systems used in nuclear command chains.
NC3 Software, Hardware, Integration, or Sustainment Contractors defined as: Companies that provide software, hardware, cybersecurity, integration, modernization, or sustainment for systems explicitly identified as nuclear command, control, or communications.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional C4ISR Systems Only defined as: Companies providing command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, or reconnaissance systems with no documented nuclear-weapons-specific role.
General Telecommunications or IT Providers defined as: Companies providing ordinary telecom, cloud, networks, enterprise IT, satellites, data processing, or cybersecurity without a dedicated nuclear command-and-control nexus.
Cyber Defense Without Nuclear Command-and-Control Scope defined as: Companies securing military networks or infrastructure generally, without evidence that the work supports nuclear command, control, launch, targeting, or communications systems.
Training or Operational Readiness Simulators defined as: Companies providing nuclear-command training, exercises, readiness simulations, or education only. This excluded screen category is not being created per user instruction.
Dual-Use Electronics Without Nuclear Modification defined as: Companies supplying electronics, software, sensors, communications gear, or data systems that are not documented as developed, modified, or supplied for nuclear command-and-control use.

Chemical Weaponsevaluated

Identifies entities involved in the development, production, manufacture, weaponization, acquisition, procurement, stockpiling, possession, transfer, import, export, sale, distribution, transportation, use, military preparation, or knowing assistance relating to chemical weapons. Chemical weapons include toxic chemicals and precursors intended for prohibited chemical-weapons purposes, munitions and devices specifically designed to cause harm through toxic properties, and equipment or components specifically designed or significantly modified for direct chemical-weapons use. Lawful peaceful, protective, non-toxic military, and domestic law-enforcement activities are excluded where the purpose, type, and quantity are consistent with permitted use.

Inclusion criteria

Chemical Agent Development and Production defined as: Entities that research, develop, synthesize, formulate, manufacture, or produce toxic chemicals for chemical-weapons purposes, including agents intended to cause death, temporary incapacitation, or permanent harm through toxic properties.
Nerve Agents defined as: Entities with verified chemical-weapons involvement involving nerve agents such as sarin, soman, tabun, VX, Novichok-series agents, or comparable chemicals designed to disrupt the nervous system. Lawful organophosphorus or other civilian chemical activity without a chemical-weapons purpose is excluded.
Blister Agents defined as: Entities with verified chemical-weapons involvement involving sulfur mustard, nitrogen mustards, lewisite, phosgene oxime, or comparable blister or vesicant agents. Lawful industrial or research activity without a chemical-weapons purpose is excluded.
Other Toxic Chemicals Used as Chemical Weapons defined as: Entities with verified chemical-weapons involvement involving choking agents, blood agents, central-nervous-system-acting or incapacitating chemicals, toxins, riot-control agents intended for use as a method of warfare, or other toxic chemicals used or intended to cause prohibited chemical harm.
Chemical Weapons Precursors and Binary Components defined as: Entities that develop, produce, procure, supply, or transfer precursors, key intermediates, or binary or multicomponent chemicals where a chemical-weapons end use, dedicated programme role, or knowing diversion is established. A chemical schedule listing or theoretical capability alone is insufficient.
Chemical Weapons Munitions, Devices, Filling and Weaponization defined as: Entities that design, develop, manufacture, fill, assemble, integrate, or modify munitions, devices, spray tanks, dispersal systems, or other delivery means specifically to release toxic chemicals for chemical-weapons purposes.
Chemical-Weapons-Specific Equipment and Components defined as: Entities that develop, produce, integrate, or supply equipment or components specifically designed, exclusively used, or significantly modified for a material chemical-weapons function, including filling, mixing, loading, release, dispersal, agent handling, or direct operation of chemical-weapons munitions or devices.
Chemical Weapons Research, Engineering and Programme Support defined as: Entities that provide direct and material research, design, engineering, testing, process development, systems integration, technical advisory, or programme support specifically for an offensive chemical-weapons programme, agent, munition, device, or dedicated equipment.
Chemical Weapons Acquisition, Procurement, Stockpiling, Possession and Retention defined as: Entities that authorize, initiate, manage, order, procure, acquire, receive, own, possess, retain, stockpile, store, or exercise custody or inventory control over chemical weapons, weaponized agents, dedicated binary components, or chemical-weapons munitions and devices.
Chemical Weapons Transfer, Import, Export, Sale, Distribution and Transportation defined as: Entities that knowingly transfer, import, export, sell, broker, distribute, transport, handle, or store in transit chemical weapons, weaponized agents, dedicated precursors, munitions, devices, or chemical-weapons-specific equipment. Each transaction role should be recorded separately and not inferred from another role.
Chemical Weapons Use, Military Preparations and Operational Support defined as: Entities that deploy, release, employ, or operationally use chemical weapons, make military preparations for such use, or provide direct operational support essential to filling, handling, targeting, release, or battlefield employment.
Chemical Weapons Assistance, Encouragement and Inducement defined as: Entities that knowingly provide material assistance, encouragement, inducement, specialized services, technology, or other support that directly enables chemical-weapons development, production, acquisition, transfer, stockpiling, or use.
Verified Historical Chemical Weapons Involvement defined as: Entities with documented past chemical-weapons involvement that meets the activity definition but has ended, been divested, discontinued, dismantled, or transferred. These cases should be recorded as historical involvement with effective dates and should not be treated as current solely because the historical activity occurred.

Exclusion criteria

Permitted Industrial, Agricultural, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Research Uses defined as: Entities whose toxic-chemical, precursor, or scheduled-chemical activities are limited to industrial, agricultural, research, medical, pharmaceutical, or other peaceful purposes and are consistent in purpose, type, and quantity with those permitted uses.
Protective, Detection, Medical Countermeasure and Decontamination Activities defined as: Entities whose only involvement is the development or provision of protective clothing, masks, filters, detectors, monitoring systems, antidotes, medical treatment, decontamination, emergency response, or other protective measures against chemical threats.
Lawful Domestic Law-Enforcement and Non-Toxic Military Uses defined as: Entities whose only relevant activity involves riot-control agents for lawful domestic law enforcement, or military uses that do not depend on toxic properties as a method of warfare, such as smoke, obscurants, signalling, flame, conventional explosives, or propellants. Riot-control agents used as a method of warfare are not excluded.
Authorized Destruction, Neutralization, Demilitarization, Verification and Remediation defined as: Entities whose current role is limited to authorized destruction, neutralization, demilitarization, verification, inspection, cleanup, environmental remediation, or disposal of chemical weapons. Any verified earlier prohibited involvement should be assessed separately as historical involvement.
Generic Dual-Use Chemicals and Precursors Without a Chemical-Weapons Nexus defined as: Entities that manufacture, trade, or use dual-use chemicals or precursors without evidence of a prohibited chemical-weapons purpose, dedicated programme role, knowing diversion, or entity-specific weapons end use.
Generic Equipment, Components, Delivery Platforms and Containers defined as: Entities that provide general-purpose chemical-processing equipment, laboratory equipment, containers, aircraft, missiles, artillery, vehicles, electronics, or other components that are not specifically designed or significantly modified for a material chemical-weapons function.
Generic Logistics and Business Services Without Knowing Chemical-Weapons Support defined as: Entities that provide ordinary transportation, warehousing, construction, information technology, consulting, legal, financial, or other general business services without evidence that the service is dedicated to, materially modified for, or knowingly supports a chemical-weapons activity.
Unverified Lists, Sanctions, Contracts and Programme References defined as: Entities named only in a sanctions list, exclusion list, tender, intelligence allegation, monitoring report, or broad chemical-weapons programme reference without sufficient entity-specific evidence of the exact product, activity, legal entity, and relevant time period. Such references should be retained as research leads or corroboration.
Agent, Schedule or Country-Level Evidence Without Entity-Specific Involvement defined as: Entities associated only through the presence of a chemical on a regulatory schedule, a country's chemical-weapons programme, a facility location, or a general industry capability without evidence that the entity itself performed a qualifying chemical-weapons activity.

Biological and Toxin Weaponsevaluated

Identifies entities involved in the development, production, acquisition, procurement, stockpiling, possession, transfer, import, export, sale, distribution, transportation, weaponization, delivery, use, military preparation, or knowing assistance relating to microbial or other biological agents or toxins, whatever their origin or method of production, where the type or quantity has no justification for preventive, protective, medical, agricultural, industrial, or other peaceful purposes. This includes weapons, munitions, devices, dissemination systems, and equipment specifically designed or significantly modified for hostile use.

Inclusion criteria

Biological Agents and Toxins for Hostile Use defined as: Entities that research, develop, produce, culture, extract, concentrate, stabilize, acquire, or retain microbial or other biological agents or toxins for hostile purposes, where the type or quantity has no justification for preventive, protective, medical, agricultural, industrial, or other peaceful use.
Engineered or Modified Biological Agents for Hostile Use defined as: Entities that genetically engineer, synthetically construct, select, modify, or enhance biological agents or toxins for hostile use, including changes intended to increase virulence, transmissibility, environmental stability, treatment resistance, immune evasion, or dissemination effectiveness.
Biological Weapons Research, Development and Engineering defined as: Entities that provide direct and material offensive biological-weapons research, design, process development, scale-up, testing, systems engineering, technical advisory, or programme support for agents, toxins, weaponization, dissemination, or delivery.
Biological Weapons Munitions, Devices, Filling and Weaponization defined as: Entities that design, develop, manufacture, fill, assemble, integrate, or modify munitions, devices, payloads, aerosol systems, sprayers, or other mechanisms specifically to weaponize or deliver biological agents or toxins for hostile use.
Biological-Weapons-Specific Dissemination Systems, Equipment and Components defined as: Entities that develop, produce, integrate, or supply equipment or components specifically designed, exclusively used, or significantly modified for a material biological-weapons function, including agent cultivation or processing for weapons, stabilization, filling, aerosolization, dissemination, or delivery.
Biological Weapons Acquisition, Procurement, Stockpiling, Possession and Retention defined as: Entities that authorize, initiate, manage, order, procure, acquire, receive, own, possess, retain, stockpile, store, or exercise custody or inventory control over biological weapons, weaponized agents or toxins, dedicated payloads, or biological-weapons-specific equipment.
Biological Weapons Transfer, Import, Export, Sale, Distribution and Transportation defined as: Entities that knowingly transfer, import, export, sell, broker, distribute, transport, handle, or store in transit biological weapons, weaponized agents or toxins, dedicated payloads, or biological-weapons-specific equipment. Each transaction role should be recorded separately and not inferred from another role.
Biological Weapons Use, Military Preparations and Operational Support defined as: Entities that deploy, disseminate, employ, or operationally use biological agents or toxins as weapons, make military preparations for such use, or provide direct operational support essential to filling, handling, targeting, release, or battlefield employment.
Biological Weapons Assistance, Encouragement and Inducement defined as: Entities that knowingly provide material assistance, encouragement, inducement, specialized services, technology, or other support that directly enables biological-weapons development, production, acquisition, transfer, stockpiling, or use.
Verified Historical Biological and Toxin Weapons Involvement defined as: Entities with documented past biological- or toxin-weapons involvement that meets the activity definition but has ended, been divested, discontinued, dismantled, or transferred. These cases should be recorded as historical involvement with effective dates and should not be treated as current solely because the historical activity occurred.

Exclusion criteria

Public Health, Medical, Pharmaceutical, Vaccine and Diagnostic Activities defined as: Entities whose relevant biological-agent or toxin activity is limited to public health, medicine, pharmaceuticals, vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, disease surveillance, clinical testing, or medical countermeasures without evidence of hostile purpose.
Peaceful Research, Industrial, Agricultural and Veterinary Uses defined as: Entities conducting transparent and regulated biological research, industrial biotechnology, food production, agriculture, veterinary medicine, environmental work, or other peaceful activity where the type and quantity of agents or toxins are justified by the stated purpose.
Protective Biodefense, Detection and Medical Countermeasures defined as: Entities whose only involvement is protective biodefense, biosurveillance, detection, protective equipment, vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, decontamination, emergency preparedness, or other countermeasures against biological threats.
Authorized Destruction, Decontamination, Verification and Remediation defined as: Entities whose current role is limited to authorized destruction, decontamination, verification, inspection, cleanup, environmental remediation, or disposal of biological-weapons agents, toxins, facilities, or contaminated materials. Any verified earlier prohibited involvement should be assessed separately as historical involvement.
Generic Dual-Use Biological Materials, Laboratory Equipment and Services defined as: Entities that provide ordinary pathogens, cell lines, toxins, reagents, growth media, fermenters, laboratory equipment, sequencing, synthesis, cloud, logistics, or contract-laboratory services without evidence of a hostile end use, dedicated weapons role, knowing diversion, or significant modification for biological weapons.
Unverified Lists, Sanctions, Contracts, Programme and Country-Level References defined as: Entities named only in a sanctions list, exclusion list, contract, allegation, monitoring report, state programme, facility description, or country-level biological-weapons statement without sufficient entity-specific evidence of the exact agent, toxin, product, activity, legal entity, and relevant time period. Such references should be retained as research leads or corroboration.

Cluster Munitionsaggregator

A screen that aggregates Cluster Munitions Production, Import, Export, Transfer, Transportation, Development, Assembly, Repair, Stockpiling, Storage and Possession, Use, Promotion, Sale, Distribution, and Components and Explosive Submunitions. The controlling cluster-munition product definition and technical exclusions are applied before activity classification.

Cluster Munitions Productionevaluated

Identifies entities involved in manufacturing or producing operational cluster munitions as defined by the Convention on Cluster Munitions, including complete munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, and near-complete kits or assemblies. Production of generic delivery platforms or generic components is excluded unless a cluster-munition payload or cluster-specific end use is established.

Inclusion criteria

Complete Cluster Munition Production defined as: Entities that manufacture complete operational cluster munitions or near-complete kits or assemblies designed to disperse or release explosive submunitions.
Explosive Submunition or Bomblet Production defined as: Entities that manufacture explosive submunitions or explosive bomblets designed to be dispersed or released from another conventional munition. This activity may also qualify under Cluster Munitions Components and Explosive Submunitions.
Cluster Munition System Integration defined as: Entities that integrate dispensers, canisters, fuzes, explosive submunitions, or other elements into a complete deployable cluster munition. Assembly is assessed separately when the entity performs the integration work.
State-Owned or Government-Operated Production defined as: State-owned enterprises, government facilities, military units, or other non-investable entities with entity-specific evidence of current cluster-munition production. State authorization, national capability, or country-level producer status alone is insufficient.
Cluster-Specific Components Used in Production defined as: Entities that manufacture cluster-specific components and also perform or control a documented production or integration role for operational cluster munitions. Component supply without production or integration is assessed under Cluster Munitions Components and Explosive Submunitions.
Awarded Cluster Munition Production Contracts defined as: Entities awarded a current contract or order that expressly requires the manufacture or supply of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, or explosive bomblets. A tender, expression of interest, retained capability, or right-to-produce statement without an award or current output is insufficient for active production.
Co-Producers or Production Subcontractors defined as: Entities with a documented manufacturing deliverable in a joint venture, licensed-production, co-production, or subcontracted cluster-munition programme. Programme participation without an identified production output is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Production defined as: Entities with documented past manufacture, production, or integration of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, or explosive bomblets where current production has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, conversion, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Generic Explosive or Ammunition Production Without Cluster-Munition Evidence defined as: Entities that produce explosives, shells, bombs, rockets, missiles, or other ammunition without evidence of a treaty-defined cluster-munition product or cluster-specific end use.
Component Supply Without a Production or Integration Role defined as: Entities that provide generic or cluster-specific components but do not manufacture, assemble, or integrate an operational cluster munition. Dedicated component involvement is assessed under Cluster Munitions Components and Explosive Submunitions.
Demilitarization or Disarmament Contractors defined as: Companies engaged only in the dismantling, destruction, or decommissioning of cluster munitions under arms control treaties.
Non-Production Roles Assessed Separately defined as: Entities involved only in import, export, transfer, transportation, storage, use, promotion, sale, distribution, or another non-production role. Those activities are assessed under their applicable Cluster Munitions screens.
R&D Entities Focused on Clearance or Risk Reduction defined as: Organizations working on humanitarian mine action, explosive ordnance disposal (EOD), or submunition clearance—not production.

Cluster Munitions Importevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly and directly cause, arrange, or legally control the cross-border entry of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components into a country. A purchase, transfer, transportation, or receipt event does not by itself establish import unless the cross-border entry and the entity’s import role are established.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Cross-Border Import of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that knowingly cause or legally control the entry of operational cluster munitions into a country and are identified as the importer, consignee, recipient, or responsible importing party.
Import of Explosive Submunitions, Bomblets, or Dedicated Components defined as: Entities that knowingly import explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or components specifically designed or significantly modified for cluster munitions, where the cross-border entry and import role are established.
Import Brokers or Dealers With Import Responsibility defined as: Licensed intermediaries that arrange the cross-border entry and customs or regulatory import of operational cluster munitions for a government, armed force, reseller, or other recipient. Brokering a sale or transfer without an import role is insufficient.
Contractors With Buyer-Side Import Responsibility defined as: Entities contracted to act as importer, consignee, customs principal, or responsible importing party for a product-specific cluster-munition transaction. General logistics or paperwork services without import responsibility are insufficient.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Import Evidence defined as: Entities for which a government record, customs record, sanctions or enforcement record, treaty monitor, or other authoritative source provides an exact legal-entity, product, cross-border import activity, and time attribution, corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Import defined as: Entities with documented past import of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated components where current import activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; subsequent destruction, treaty accession, or policy change does not erase the historical import.

Exclusion criteria

Generic Delivery Platforms Without Imported Cluster Payloads defined as: Companies that import aircraft, launchers, missiles, rockets, artillery systems, or other delivery platforms without importing an integrated cluster munition, explosive submunition, explosive bomblet, or verified cluster payload.
Logistics and Freight Companies (Non-Specific Cargo) defined as: General transport or freight providers without control over or awareness of specific arms shipments, especially when acting as intermediaries.
Importers of Non-Cluster Weapons defined as: Companies involved in importing conventional arms (e.g., small arms, standard explosives) with no documented link to cluster munitions.
Importers of Demilitarized or Inert Munitions defined as: Companies importing deactivated or inert cluster munitions solely for museum, training, or display purposes, with no operational capability.
Customs, Documentation, or Clearing Services Without Import Responsibility defined as: Entities providing customs paperwork, documentation, legal, administrative, or clearing services without being the importer, consignee, recipient, or party legally controlling the cross-border entry.
Importers of Related Components (Non-Specific) defined as: Companies importing general electronics, casings, or chemicals not uniquely tied to cluster munitions without evidence of specific integration or intent.

Cluster Munitions Exportevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly and directly cause, arrange, or legally control the cross-border exit of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components from a country. A sale, transfer, transportation, or distribution event does not by itself establish export unless the cross-border exit and the entity’s export role are established.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Cross-Border Export of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that knowingly cause or legally control the cross-border exit of operational cluster munitions and are identified as the exporter, consignor, supplier, or responsible exporting party.
Export of Explosive Submunitions, Bomblets, or Dedicated Components defined as: Entities that knowingly export explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or components specifically designed or significantly modified for cluster munitions, where the cross-border exit and export role are established.
State-Owned or Government-Authorized Export With Verified Activity defined as: State-owned enterprises, government export agencies, or other non-investable entities with entity-specific evidence of an actual cluster-munition export. Export authority or country-level capability alone is insufficient.
Documented Cluster Munition Export Transactions defined as: Entities identified in contracts, export licences, customs records, delivery records, government disclosures, or other primary documents as exporting a specific cluster-munition product.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Export Evidence defined as: Entities for which an authoritative investigation, sanctions or enforcement record, treaty monitor, or other source provides an exact legal-entity, product, cross-border export activity, and time attribution, corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership alone is insufficient.
Export of Delivery Systems With an Integrated Cluster Payload defined as: Entities that export a rocket, missile, bomb, projectile, or other delivery system as a package containing or configured with a verified operational cluster-munition payload. Export of a generic platform or cluster-capable launcher without the payload is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Export defined as: Entities with documented past export of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated components where current export activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase the historical export.

Exclusion criteria

Exporters of Conventional Weapons Only defined as: Companies involved in international arms exports that do not include cluster munitions or their specific subcomponents.
Logistics or Shipping Companies (Non-Affiliated) defined as: Freight forwarders, airlines, or transport services with no control over or affiliation with the cargo’s military nature or end-use.
Exporters of Inert or Demilitarized Munitions defined as: Companies exporting decommissioned or inert cluster munitions for museum, training, or non-operational display purposes.
General Aerospace/Defense Exporters (Non-Cluster Focused) defined as: Companies that export military goods but without evidence of cluster munitions or related delivery system payloads.
Exporters of Generic Components defined as: Entities exporting parts (e.g., electronics, casings, metals) with potential dual-use applications, but with no direct cluster munition integration or marketing.

Cluster Munitions Transferevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly transfer, broker, arrange, or control a change in title, ownership, custody, or control of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components. Import, export, transportation, sale, and distribution are assessed separately and are not inferred solely from a transfer event.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Transfer of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that knowingly transfer or control a change in title, ownership, custody, or control of operational cluster munitions between parties, including state-to-state, grant, lease, donation, or other non-commercial transfers.
Brokers or Dealers With a Cluster Munition Transfer Role defined as: Licensed intermediaries that negotiate, arrange, or execute a change in title, ownership, custody, or control of operational cluster munitions. A sale, export, or transportation role without transfer responsibility is insufficient.
Contractors With Transfer or Handover Authority defined as: Entities authorized to coordinate or execute the handover of operational cluster munitions as part of a product-specific military assistance, lease, exchange, joint operation, or other transfer arrangement.
State-Owned or Government-Authorized Transfer With Verified Activity defined as: Government agencies, military units, state-owned enterprises, or other non-investable entities with entity-specific evidence of arranging or executing a cluster-munition transfer. Government status or approval authority alone is insufficient.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Transfer Evidence defined as: Entities for which an authoritative investigation, sanctions or enforcement record, treaty monitor, or other source provides an exact legal-entity, product, transfer role, and time attribution, corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership alone is insufficient.
Transfer of Delivery Systems With an Integrated Cluster Payload defined as: Entities that transfer a rocket, missile, bomb, projectile, or other delivery system as a package containing or configured with a verified operational cluster-munition payload. Transfer of a generic or merely compatible platform is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Transfer defined as: Entities with documented past transfer or brokerage of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated components where current activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase the historical transfer.

Exclusion criteria

Producers or Exporters with No Transfer Role defined as: Companies that manufacture or export cluster munitions but do not facilitate their transfer between end-users or other intermediaries.
Logistics or Transport Firms Without Facilitation Role defined as: Shipping or cargo companies that move goods without involvement in contractual, financial, or decision-making aspects of the weapons transfer.
Transfers of Non-Cluster Weapons defined as: Companies involved in transferring conventional weapons, missiles, or munitions not configured or intended to deploy submunitions.
Transfer of Inert or Training Devices defined as: Transfers involving deactivated or non-functional cluster munitions used for display, education, or military training purposes without live ordnance.
Financial Institutions or Legal Advisers defined as: Firms providing financing or legal services for arms contracts, without operational involvement in the weapons transfer.

Cluster Munitions Transportationevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly carry, move, handle, store in transit, or provide controlled logistics for operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components. Transportation does not by itself establish ownership transfer, import, export, sale, or distribution.

Inclusion criteria

Knowing Transportation of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that knowingly carry, move, handle, or store in transit operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated components under a product-specific transport role.
Controlled Cluster Munition Logistics defined as: Entities providing routing, secure handling, trans-shipment, border movement, or other controlled logistics specifically for cluster munitions, with knowledge of the cargo and operational responsibility for the movement.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Transportation Evidence defined as: Entities for which contracts, manifests, shipping records, government documents, sanctions or enforcement records, or authoritative investigations provide an exact legal-entity, product, transportation role, and time attribution. General reporting or list membership without shipment attribution is insufficient.
Military Cargo Operators With Verified Cluster-Munition Cargo defined as: Air, sea, rail, or land cargo operators with entity-specific evidence that they knowingly transported cluster munitions or explosive submunitions. Military contracts or cargo capability alone are insufficient.
Transportation of Delivery Systems With an Integrated Cluster Payload defined as: Entities that knowingly transport a rocket, missile, bomb, projectile, or other delivery system as cargo containing a verified operational cluster-munition payload. Movement of a generic launcher or platform is insufficient.
Subcontracted Carriers With Knowing Cluster-Munition Responsibility defined as: Third-party carriers subcontracted by a manufacturer, government, or transfer agent to transport identified cluster munitions, where knowledge of the cargo and responsibility for the movement are established.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Transportation defined as: Entities with documented past knowing transportation, handling, storage in transit, or controlled logistics for operational cluster munitions where current transportation activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase historical transportation.

Exclusion criteria

General Freight and Logistics Companies (Unverified Cargo) defined as: Commercial shippers, trucking firms, or airlines with no evidence of knowingly transporting cluster munitions.
Civilian Cargo Operators Without Military Contracts defined as: Logistics companies that operate exclusively in non-military sectors (e.g., consumer goods, medical supply).
Transport of Non-Cluster Munitions defined as: Companies that move conventional weapons only (e.g., rifles, grenades, standard artillery shells), without cluster munition involvement.
Deactivated or Inert Munitions Only defined as: Transporters involved in moving museum pieces, replicas, or decommissioned cluster munitions for educational or historical purposes.
Manufacturers and End-Users Not Involved in Transport defined as: Companies that produce or purchase cluster munitions but rely on third parties for transportation, without managing logistics themselves.
Courier and Postal Services defined as: Standard parcel delivery or postal firms with no capacity or legal authority to move military-grade munitions.

Cluster Munitions Developmentevaluated

Identifies entities involved in research, design, engineering, prototyping, testing, qualification, or technical development of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components. Generic aircraft, artillery, rocket, missile, guidance, sensor, fuze, explosive, or simulation work is excluded unless a cluster-specific payload, munition, component, or documented end use is established.

Inclusion criteria

Cluster-Specific Munition or Payload Development defined as: Entities that research, design, engineer, prototype, or materially improve a treaty-defined cluster munition, cluster payload, explosive submunition, explosive bomblet, or cluster-specific component. Generic delivery-platform development is insufficient.
Explosive Submunition or Bomblet Development defined as: Entities that design, prototype, test, or qualify explosive submunitions or explosive bomblets intended to be dispersed or released from another conventional munition.
Cluster-Specific Testing and Qualification defined as: Entities that conduct explosive testing, range trials, reliability testing, qualification, or performance validation for an identified cluster munition, explosive submunition, explosive bomblet, or cluster-specific component. Generic range or laboratory services are insufficient.
Patented or Proprietary Technology Applied to Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that hold or develop proprietary technology and provide evidence that it is applied to an operational cluster munition, explosive submunition, explosive bomblet, or cluster-specific component. A patent or possible technical use alone is insufficient.
Current Cluster Munition Development Programmes defined as: Entities with a documented current technical deliverable in a government-funded, company-funded, or joint cluster-munition development programme. Country-level capability, a retained right to produce, or programme naming without an identified deliverable is insufficient.
Development Subcontractors With a Direct Technical Deliverable defined as: Entities contracted to perform cluster-specific design, engineering, prototyping, testing, or qualification work. Generic materials, ordinary components, staffing, or administrative support are insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Development defined as: Entities with documented past research, design, engineering, prototyping, or testing of operational cluster munitions or cluster-specific components where current development has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified exit does not erase historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers Without R&D Activity defined as: Companies that produce or assemble cluster munitions but are not engaged in design or developmental work.
Academic Institutions with Humanitarian Research defined as: Universities or NGOs studying cluster munitions only for humanitarian impact, clearance strategies, or policy reform—not weapons development.
Generic or Dual-Use Technology Without Cluster-Munition Integration defined as: Entities developing guidance, sensors, fuzes, explosives, electronics, aerospace systems, rockets, missiles, artillery, aircraft, or simulations without evidence that the work is specifically designed, significantly modified, or integrated for a cluster munition or explosive submunition.
Simulation or Training Tool Developers defined as: Entities creating virtual models or inert training aids for education or disposal training, without developing functional weapons.
Generic Components or Materials Without Technical Development Role defined as: Entities providing ordinary parts, raw materials, explosives, electronics, or services without cluster-specific design authority, engineering responsibility, or a documented technical-development deliverable.

Cluster Munitions Assemblyevaluated

Identifies entities involved in assembling or integrating dispensers, canisters, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, fuzes, casings, or other components into an operational cluster munition or cluster-specific operational subassembly. Production, assembly, and component involvement may coexist when each role is separately established.

Inclusion criteria

Final Assembly of Operational Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that combine dispensers, canisters, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, fuzes, casings, or other elements into a complete deployable cluster munition.
Explosive Submunition Loading or Integration defined as: Entities that load or integrate explosive submunitions or explosive bomblets into bombs, projectiles, rockets, missiles, dispensers, or canisters to create an operational cluster-munition payload.
Awarded Cluster Munition Assembly Contracts defined as: Entities awarded a contract or order expressly requiring cluster-munition assembly or integration. A production contract without an identified assembly deliverable is insufficient for this activity.
State-Owned or Government-Operated Assembly With Verified Activity defined as: State-owned plants, government facilities, military units, or other non-investable entities with entity-specific evidence of assembling or integrating operational cluster munitions. Entity type or country-level capability alone is insufficient.
Assembly Operations Including Final Quality Control defined as: Entities that perform final inspection, testing, or quality control as an integral part of their own assembly or integration of operational cluster munitions. Inspection-only or certification-only services without assembly do not qualify.
Joint-Venture or Co-Assembly Partners defined as: Entities with a documented assembly or integration deliverable in a joint venture, licensed-production, co-production, or multinational cluster-munition programme. Ownership or programme participation without an assembly role is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Assembly defined as: Entities with documented past assembly or integration of operational cluster munitions where current assembly has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Component or Submunition Production Without Assembly defined as: Entities that manufacture explosive submunitions, fuzes, casings, dispensers, or other components but do not assemble or integrate them into an operational cluster munition or operational subassembly. Component involvement is assessed separately.
R&D-Only Entities defined as: Companies involved in research and prototyping of cluster munitions but not involved in production or assembly processes.
Logistics and Storage Providers defined as: Companies that handle, store, or transport cluster munitions but do not assemble them.
Maintenance or Refurbishment Providers Only defined as: Companies that repair or maintain existing munitions without conducting original assembly work.
Producers of Dual-Use Components defined as: Companies making generic parts (e.g., mechanical fasteners, adhesives, electronics) not uniquely designed for or assembled into cluster munitions.

Cluster Munitions Repairevaluated

Identifies entities that inspect, maintain, repair, refurbish, recondition, overhaul, or replace components to restore an operational cluster munition, explosive submunition, or explosive bomblet to usable condition or extend its operational life. Destruction, deactivation, demilitarization, clearance, explosive-ordnance disposal, and remediation are excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Operational Repair or Refurbishment of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that repair, refurbish, recondition, or overhaul cluster munitions to restore usability or extend operational life, including replacement of fuzes, submunitions, casings, or other functional elements.
Maintenance of Operational Cluster-Munition Stockpiles defined as: Entities that inspect, service, test, or maintain operational cluster munitions to preserve readiness, reliability, or shelf life. Inventory management without maintenance is assessed separately.
State-Owned or Government-Operated Overhaul With Verified Activity defined as: Government facilities, military units, state-owned enterprises, or contractors with entity-specific evidence of repairing or overhauling operational cluster munitions. Government status or depot operation alone is insufficient.
Fuze, Submunition, or Functional-Component Replacement defined as: Entities that replace defective, expired, or obsolete functional elements within an existing cluster munition to return it to operational condition.
Field or Deployed Repair With Verified Cluster-Munition Work defined as: Entities or military units that perform actual field repair or restoration of operational cluster munitions. General field support, launch operations, or logistics capability alone is insufficient.
Awarded Cluster Munition Repair or Lifecycle-Extension Contracts defined as: Entities named in a contract, order, audit, or official record for product-specific repair, maintenance, overhaul, refurbishment, or lifecycle extension of operational cluster munitions.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Repair defined as: Entities with documented past repair, refurbishment, maintenance, or overhaul of operational cluster munitions where current activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified exit does not erase historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers Only (No Repair Activity) defined as: Companies that produce cluster munitions but are not involved in their maintenance or repair.
Destruction, Deactivation, Demilitarization, Clearance, or EOD Only defined as: Entities whose role is limited to dismantling, neutralizing, deactivating, destroying, clearing, disposing of, or remediating cluster munitions and that do not restore them to operational condition.
Storage or Transport Providers defined as: Companies involved only in the logistics, warehousing, or shipment of munitions, without performing any repair work.
Component Manufacturers (Non-Service Role) defined as: Suppliers of submunition parts, electronics, or casings who do not engage in repair or maintenance.
Training and Simulation Providers defined as: Entities that simulate repair procedures for educational purposes without actual handling or refurbishment of live cluster munitions.

Cluster Munitions Stockpiling, Storage and Possessionevaluated

Identifies entities that own, possess, retain, stockpile, store, manage inventory for, operate depots for, or exercise knowing custody or control over operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, or explosive bomblets. Limited custody or retention solely for permitted detection, clearance, destruction, evidence, authorized technical training, or fully deactivated-device purposes is excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Operation of Depots Holding Operational Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that operate a depot or storage facility and exercise knowing custody or control over operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, or explosive bomblets.
Contracted Storage or Custody of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities contracted to store, secure, monitor, or preserve operational cluster munitions and that have documented custody, control, or legal responsibility for the stored weapons.
Inventory Management With Stockpile Control defined as: Entities authorized to maintain inventory records, readiness status, release controls, or lifecycle status for a cluster-munition stockpile. Generic inventory software or administrative support without stockpile authority is insufficient.
Ownership, Possession, Retention, or Knowing Custody defined as: Private, state-owned, government, or military entities that own, possess, retain, or exercise knowing custody or control over operational cluster munitions. Entity type and investability are recorded separately.
Forward, Temporary, or Pre-Deployment Stockpiles defined as: Entities that manage or control operational cluster munitions held in forward, temporary, readiness, or pre-deployment storage, where custody and operational purpose are established.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Stockpile or Custody Evidence defined as: Entities for which official inventories, audits, facility records, treaty reporting, government documents, or other authoritative sources provide an exact entity, product, custody or control role, and time attribution. A broad list or country-level stockpile statement alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Stockpiling, Storage, Possession, or Custody defined as: Entities with documented past ownership, possession, retention, stockpiling, storage, inventory control, depot operation, or knowing custody of operational cluster munitions where current activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; subsequent destruction, treaty accession, transfer, or divestiture does not erase historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Transportation or Transit Without Storage Authority defined as: Entities that move or temporarily hold cluster munitions solely in transit without operating a storage facility, maintaining inventory, or exercising stockpile custody or control.
Storage of Non-Cluster Weapons defined as: Companies storing conventional weapons or general ammunition only, without cluster munitions involvement.
Deactivated, Destroyed, Inert, Evidence, or Permitted Training Holdings Only defined as: Entities holding only fully deactivated, destroyed, inert, replica, evidentiary, or minimum-necessary items for permitted detection, clearance, destruction, countermeasure development, or authorized technical training, with no operational stockpile role.
General Warehousing Providers (No Weapons Activity) defined as: Commercial storage businesses that lack arms licenses or military contracts involving cluster munitions.
Manufacture Without Ownership, Possession, or Storage Control defined as: Entities that manufacture cluster munitions but transfer all custody and do not own, possess, retain, stockpile, store, or control the resulting weapons.
Humanitarian, Clearance, or Destruction Custody Only defined as: Entities temporarily possessing or storing cluster munitions solely for detection, clearance, neutralization, destruction, legal evidence, or remediation and without an operational stockpile role.

Cluster Munitions Useevaluated

Identifies entities that fire, drop, launch, project, disperse, release, deliver, direct, authorize, or otherwise operationally employ live cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, or explosive bomblets for detonation. Entity type and investability are recorded separately from factual use.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Operational Use of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities, including state armed forces, government units, private military contractors, or other non-investable entities, with entity-specific evidence that they fired, dropped, launched, projected, dispersed, released, delivered, directed, or authorized live cluster munitions for detonation.
Contracted Forces With Verified Cluster-Munition Use defined as: Private military companies, contractors, or other forces that directly operated or authorized a weapons system in a verified cluster-munition attack. General combat support or weapons-system maintenance is insufficient.
Operators With Verified Firing or Launch Responsibility defined as: Entities that operated the aircraft, artillery, rocket, missile, mortar, or other system and had verified responsibility for firing, launching, dropping, releasing, or otherwise delivering the cluster munition.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Use Evidence defined as: Entities for which the UN, a government investigation, treaty monitor, sanctions or enforcement record, or another authoritative source provides an exact entity, weapon, operational-use event, and time attribution, corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a country-level allegation alone is insufficient.
Live Operational Testing or Training Use defined as: Entities that fire, launch, drop, disperse, release, or otherwise deliver live cluster munitions for detonation during an operational test or training event. Permitted-purpose treatment is a client policy overlay and does not erase the factual use event.
Launch Crews or Field Units With Confirmed Use Responsibility defined as: Entities or units with verified responsibility for preparing, authorizing, firing, launching, or releasing cluster munitions in a specific operational event.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Use defined as: Entities with documented past operational use of cluster munitions where current use has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain the dated event; subsequent cessation, regime change, or policy commitment does not erase historical use.
State Armed Forces or Government Units With Verified Operational Use defined as: State armed forces, government units, or other non-investable entities for which entity-specific evidence establishes firing, dropping, launching, projecting, dispersing, releasing, directing, authorizing, or otherwise delivering live cluster munitions for detonation. Entity type and investability are recorded separately from the factual activity.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers Only (No Deployment Role) defined as: Companies that produce or supply cluster munitions but are not involved in their use or field deployment.
Transporters or Storage Providers defined as: Entities responsible solely for moving or warehousing cluster munitions without deploying or authorizing their use.
Simulated Use or Non-Lethal Training defined as: Training environments using inert rounds, simulations, or non-operational models with no live munitions.
Investigative Media or Documentation Bodies defined as: Organizations reporting on or monitoring use, but not engaging in deployment or combat operations.

Cluster Munitions Promotionevaluated

Identifies entities that market, advertise, display, offer, advocate for, or otherwise publicly promote operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components for military or commercial adoption. Independent reporting, research, identification markings, and disarmament advocacy are excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Public Advertising or Marketing of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that publicly advertise or market operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components through brochures, websites, catalogues, videos, presentations, or comparable promotional channels.
Product-Specific Promotional Materials defined as: Entities that publish or commission promotional materials expressly presenting a cluster-munition product for adoption, procurement, sale, or military use. Independent technical documentation or reporting is insufficient.
Sales Representatives or Agents Promoting Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities or authorized agents that actively solicit buyers, advocate for procurement, provide product pitches, or otherwise promote a cluster-munition product in a sales context.
Trade-Show or Exhibition Promotion of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that display or present an identified cluster-munition product, explosive submunition, explosive bomblet, or cluster-specific component at a trade show or defence exhibition for promotional or sales purposes.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Promotion Evidence defined as: Entities for which an NGO report, treaty monitor, government record, archived company material, trade-show catalogue, or other authoritative source provides an exact entity, product, promotional conduct, and time attribution, corroborated by company material, exhibition evidence, or another independent authoritative source. List membership alone is insufficient.
Joint or Co-Marketing of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities with a documented role in jointly branding, exhibiting, marketing, or promoting a cluster-munition product. Joint-venture ownership without promotional conduct is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Promotion defined as: Entities with documented past marketing, advertising, exhibition, or promotion of cluster munitions where current promotion has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified cessation does not erase historical promotion.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers Not Engaged in Promotion defined as: Companies that produce cluster munitions but do not advertise or market them publicly.
Media or Academic Reporting defined as: News outlets, analysts, or researchers discussing cluster munitions in reporting or policy critique—not promotional contexts.
Disarmament or Clearance Advocacy Groups defined as: NGOs or humanitarian entities discussing cluster munitions in the context of banning, clearing, or disarming—not endorsing.
Generic Defense Marketing (Unrelated) defined as: Companies that market conventional arms, vehicles, or systems with no cluster munition content in promotional materials.
Logos or Labels on Packaging Without Promotion defined as: Manufacturing labels or codes used for identification, not public-facing promotional activities.

Cluster Munitions Saleevaluated

Identifies entities that sell, offer for sale, price, contract to sell, or broker a commercial sale of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components. Production, transfer, transportation, export, procurement, or distribution does not by itself establish a sale.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Sale or Offer for Sale of Cluster Munitions defined as: Entities that sell, offer for sale, quote, price, or contract to sell operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components to a buyer.
Brokers or Dealers With a Cluster Munition Sales Role defined as: Licensed arms brokers, dealers, or intermediaries that negotiate, arrange, or process a commercial sale of a cluster-munition product. Promotion, transfer, or export without a sales role is insufficient.
Documented Cluster Munition Sales Contracts defined as: Entities identified as seller, supplier, broker, or contracting party in a product-specific purchase agreement, sales contract, purchase order, or comparable transaction document for cluster munitions.
State-Owned or Government Sellers With Verified Activity defined as: State-owned enterprises, government export agencies, military sales bodies, or other non-investable entities with entity-specific evidence of an actual offer, contract, or sale of cluster munitions. Entity status or sales authority alone is insufficient.
Joint, Offset, or Co-Sale Arrangements With an Actual Sales Role defined as: Entities with a documented pricing, negotiation, contracting, brokerage, or seller role in an offset, joint venture, co-sale, or larger weapons package that includes cluster munitions.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Sale Evidence defined as: Entities for which a government record, contract, sanctions or enforcement record, treaty monitor, or authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, sale or offer-for-sale activity, and time attribution, corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Sale defined as: Entities with documented past sale, offer for sale, or brokerage of cluster munitions where current sales activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase the historical sale.

Exclusion criteria

Producers Not Involved in Sales defined as: Manufacturers who do not market or sell their products directly, and do not manage transactional processes for their munitions.
Logistics or Transport Providers defined as: Companies that ship or handle munitions under contract but are not involved in pricing, negotiation, or financial transactions.
Non-Operational or Inert Sales defined as: Dealers or collectors trading only in deactivated, inert, or demilitarized cluster munitions for historical or display purposes.
Entities Selling Non-Cluster Arms Only defined as: Companies that sell conventional arms with no evidence of involvement in cluster munition transactions.
Media or Marketing Firms Without Sales Role defined as: Entities that create promotional materials for cluster munitions but do not process or conduct actual sales.

Cluster Munitions Distributionevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly allocate, fulfil, route, supply, or deliver operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components through a military or commercial supply chain with control over recipients or destination. Transportation without allocation or fulfilment control, and sale without a distribution role, do not by themselves establish distribution.

Inclusion criteria

Distribution or Allocation to End-Users defined as: Entities that knowingly allocate, fulfil, supply, route, or deliver cluster munitions from a manufacturer, seller, or stockpile to an identified military or government recipient and exercise control over recipient or destination.
Authorized Cluster Munition Distributors defined as: Licensed arms distributors or wholesalers with a documented distribution mandate and actual cluster-munition distribution activity. General authorization or portfolio capability alone is insufficient.
Military Supply-Chain Management With Cluster-Munition Control defined as: Entities contracted to manage fulfilment, inventory release, allocation, routing, or supply hubs that include identified cluster munitions and that exercise control over recipients or destinations.
Last-Mile Cluster Munition Fulfilment or Handover defined as: Entities that knowingly manage last-mile allocation, fulfilment, handover, or delivery of operational cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated components to military or government end-users.
Regional or Multinational Distribution With an Identified Role defined as: Entities with a documented distribution, allocation, fulfilment, or supply-chain role in a government-to-government, allied, or multinational cluster-munition arrangement. Participation in the arrangement without a distribution role is insufficient.
Corroborated Cluster Munition Distribution Evidence defined as: Entities for which official records, contracts, supply documents, sanctions or enforcement records, treaty monitors, or authoritative investigations provide an exact legal-entity, product, distribution role, and time attribution, corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Cluster Munition Distribution defined as: Entities with documented past distribution, allocation, fulfilment, or controlled delivery of cluster munitions where current activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase historical distribution.

Exclusion criteria

Producers Without Distribution Role defined as: Companies that manufacture cluster munitions but outsource or delegate distribution to third parties and do not control downstream logistics.
Retail or Civilian Distributors (Non-Military) defined as: Commercial distribution companies without weapons licenses or roles in military logistics.
Transportation Without Distribution or Allocation Control defined as: Entities that knowingly transport cluster munitions but do not select recipients, allocate inventory, fulfil an order, control destination, or otherwise manage distribution. Transportation is assessed separately.
Distributors of Conventional Munitions Only defined as: Entities that handle artillery shells, missiles, or bombs not configured for submunition deployment.
Demilitarized or Inert Munitions Handlers defined as: Companies that distribute non-functional cluster munitions for educational or museum use only.

Cluster Munitions Components and Explosive Submunitionsevaluated

Identifies entities involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, testing, sale, distribution, import, export, transfer, transportation, or supply of explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or components specifically designed, exclusively used, or significantly modified for cluster munitions and performing a material function in the weapon. Generic dual-use items, ordinary delivery platforms, and products outside the controlling cluster-munition definition are excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Explosive Submunition or Bomblet Manufacturers defined as: Entities that manufacture explosive submunitions or explosive bomblets designed to be dispersed or released from another conventional munition and to detonate before, on, or after impact.
Dedicated or Significantly Modified Cluster-Munition Components defined as: Entities that manufacture a component specifically designed, exclusively used, or significantly modified for cluster munitions and that performs a material function in dispersal, release, detonation, targeting, fuzing, integration, or operation. Examples include dedicated dispensers, canisters, ejection mechanisms, fuzing units, bomblet casings, and cluster-specific submunition parts.
Documented Integration and Material-Function Test defined as: Entities that supply a part or assembly where credible evidence establishes the specific product, integration into an operational cluster munition or explosive submunition, and a material technical function. Customer identity, general military use, or possible compatibility alone is insufficient.
Submunition or Cluster-Specific Component Assembly defined as: Entities that assemble explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or cluster-specific components into an operational subassembly or munition subsystem. Generic contract manufacturing without product attribution is insufficient.
Cluster-Specific Component Development, Testing, or Qualification defined as: Entities that design, develop, test, qualify, or materially modify an identified cluster-specific component, explosive submunition, or explosive bomblet. Generic laboratory, simulation, or test-range services are insufficient.
Exact Transaction Role for Cluster-Specific Components or Submunitions defined as: Entities that knowingly sell, broker, transfer, distribute, import, export, or transport explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated cluster-munition components. The exact product and transaction role must be established; one transaction activity is not inferred from another.
Verified Historical Cluster-Specific Component or Submunition Involvement defined as: Entities with documented past development, production, assembly, supply, sale, transfer, distribution, import, export, or transportation of explosive submunitions, explosive bomblets, or dedicated cluster-munition components where current activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; verified disengagement does not erase historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Generic or Dual-Use Items Without Dedicated Design, Significant Modification, and Material Function defined as: Entities supplying generic electronics, metals, explosives, casings, mechanical items, aerospace components, software, sensors, fuzes, or other inputs where the item is not shown to be specifically designed, exclusively used, or significantly modified for cluster munitions and to perform a material function in the weapon.
Delivery Platforms or Launch Systems Without a Cluster Payload or Dedicated Component Role defined as: Entities that provide aircraft, launchers, artillery systems, rockets, missiles, vehicles, or other delivery platforms without supplying an integrated cluster-munition payload, explosive submunition, explosive bomblet, or dedicated cluster-specific component.
Products Outside the Cluster-Munition Definition and No-Submunition Replacement Warheads defined as: Entities supplying only unitary or pre-formed-fragment warheads without explosive submunitions; flares or pyrotechnic devices; smoke, chaff, electronic-effect, or air-defence munitions; mines; or single-target munitions meeting the controlling technical exception for fewer than ten submunitions, each weighing more than four kilograms, designed to detect and engage a single target object, and equipped with electronic self-destruction and self-deactivation features.
Humanitarian Clearance, Demilitarization, or Destruction Components defined as: Companies providing equipment, tools, parts, or services used solely to detect, clear, neutralize, deactivate, dismantle, destroy, or safely dispose of cluster munitions, explosive submunitions, or explosive bomblets.
Inert, Replica, Training, or Display Components Only defined as: Companies providing inert, demilitarized, replica, training, or display components with no operational explosive function and no role in producing, assembling, or restoring operational cluster munitions.

Blinding Laser Weaponsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, sale, supply, transfer, export, or operational use of laser weapons specifically designed, as their sole or one combat function, to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision.

Inclusion criteria

Prohibited Blinding Laser Weapon Design and Production defined as: Companies and other entities that design, manufacture, or produce laser weapons specifically designed, as their sole or one combat function, to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision.
Research, Development, and Engineering of Prohibited Blinding Laser Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that conduct research, development, engineering, testing, or design work for a laser weapon with a verified permanent-blinding anti-personnel function.
Assembly, Integration, or Material Modification of Prohibited Blinding Laser Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that assemble, integrate, or materially modify a laser system into a weapon whose sole or one combat function is to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision.
Sale, Supply, or Contracted Delivery of Prohibited Blinding Laser Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that sell, supply, broker, or deliver a prohibited blinding laser weapon under a product-specific military or government contract.
Export, Transfer, or Distribution of Prohibited Blinding Laser Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that export, transfer, or distribute a prohibited blinding laser weapon where the exact product, entity, and transaction role are established.
Corroborated Official or Monitoring Evidence of Prohibited Blinding Laser Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities for which an official finding, treaty-monitoring record, sanction, or reputable specialist report identifies the exact entity, product, and prohibited activity and the claim is supported by underlying or independent activity-specific evidence. List membership alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Blinding Laser Weapons Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities with verified former development, production, assembly, sale, supply, transfer, or programme involvement in prohibited blinding laser weapons, where the activity has ceased or current involvement is not established. The historical fact remains reportable separately from current status.

Exclusion criteria

Rangefinding, Target Designation, Communications, and Guidance Lasers defined as: Companies and other entities whose laser systems are designed for rangefinding, target designation, communications, guidance, or comparable functions and are not specifically designed to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision.
Medical, Industrial, Scientific, and Telecommunications Lasers defined as: Companies and other entities that produce lasers for medical, industrial, scientific, manufacturing, telecommunications, or other civilian applications without a prohibited anti-personnel weapon design.
Temporary Dazzling and Visual Warning Systems defined as: Companies and other entities that produce laser dazzlers, visual warning devices, or temporary disorientation systems not specifically designed to cause permanent blindness.
Sensor-Targeting or Optical-Disruption Systems Without a Permanent-Blinding Design defined as: Companies and other entities that develop systems intended to disrupt cameras, optical sensors, or other enhanced vision equipment without a verified design to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced human vision.
Research or Testing Without a Prohibited Anti-Personnel Design defined as: Universities, laboratories, and companies conducting laser research, safety testing, protective research, or general directed-energy work without a verified prohibited permanent-blinding weapon function.

White Phosphorusaggregator

A screen that aggregates the White Phosphorus Smoke, Obscurant, Signalling and Illumination Munitions and White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons screens.

White Phosphorus Smoke, Obscurant, Signalling and Illumination Munitionsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, sale, supply, transfer, export, procurement, or operational use of munitions containing white phosphorus whose primary design is to create smoke or obscuration, or to provide signalling, marking, or illumination, rather than to set fire or cause burn injury.

Inclusion criteria

Production or Assembly of White Phosphorus Smoke, Obscurant, Signalling, or Illumination Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that manufacture or assemble artillery shells, mortar rounds, grenades, canisters, or other munitions containing white phosphorus whose primary design is smoke, obscuration, signalling, marking, or illumination.
Dedicated White Phosphorus Supply for Identified Military Smoke or Obscurant Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that knowingly produce or supply white phosphorus specifically for an identified military smoke, obscurant, signalling, marking, or illumination munition or programme. Generic industrial supply is insufficient.
Development, Engineering, or Integration of White Phosphorus Smoke Systems defined as: Companies and other entities that research, develop, engineer, test, or integrate white phosphorus smoke, obscurant, signalling, marking, or illumination munitions or dedicated delivery systems.
Export, Transfer, or Distribution of White Phosphorus Smoke Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that export, transfer, broker, or distribute identified white phosphorus smoke, obscurant, signalling, marking, or illumination munitions where the exact product and transaction role are established.
Product-Specific Procurement or Contracts for White Phosphorus Smoke Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities named in a product-specific procurement, tender, award, or delivery contract for white phosphorus smoke, obscurant, signalling, marking, or illumination munitions. Generic ammunition contracts are insufficient.
Corroborated Official or Monitoring Evidence of White Phosphorus Smoke-Munition Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities for which an official record, monitoring report, or reputable specialist source identifies the exact entity, qualifying white phosphorus product, and activity, supported by underlying or independent evidence. List membership alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical White Phosphorus Smoke-Munition Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities with verified former development, production, assembly, sale, supply, transfer, or contract involvement in qualifying white phosphorus smoke, obscurant, signalling, marking, or illumination munitions, where the activity has ceased or current involvement is not established.

Exclusion criteria

White Phosphorus Munitions Primarily Designed as Incendiary Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities whose qualifying white phosphorus product is primarily designed to set fire to objects or cause burn injury. That involvement is assessed under White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons.
Non-White-Phosphorus Smoke or Obscurant Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that produce smoke, obscurant, signalling, marking, or illumination munitions that do not contain white phosphorus.
Industrial or Civilian White Phosphorus Without a Military Munition End Use defined as: Companies and other entities that manufacture, process, sell, or transport white phosphorus for industrial, agricultural, chemical, laboratory, or other civilian uses without an identified military munition end use.
Generic Obscurant, Signalling, or Illumination Products Without a White Phosphorus Munition Nexus defined as: Companies and other entities that provide generic obscurant materials, smoke systems, signalling products, illumination products, or related services without an identified white phosphorus munition role.
Civilian Smoke, Effects, or Training Devices Without a Qualifying White Phosphorus Munition Function defined as: Companies and other entities that produce smoke or visual-effect devices for entertainment, firefighting training, civilian safety, or non-weapon law-enforcement use without a qualifying white phosphorus military munition function.

White Phosphorus Incendiary Weaponsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, sale, supply, transfer, export, procurement, stockpiling, possession, or operational use of munitions containing white phosphorus that are primarily designed to set fire to objects or to cause burn injury to persons through flame, heat, or a combination of those effects.

Inclusion criteria

Production or Assembly of White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that manufacture or assemble munitions containing white phosphorus that are primarily designed to set fire to objects or cause burn injury to persons.
Development, Engineering, or Testing of White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that research, develop, engineer, or test white phosphorus munitions whose primary design is incendiary attack or burn injury.
Sale, Supply, or Contracted Delivery of White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that sell, supply, broker, or deliver qualifying white phosphorus incendiary weapons under a product-specific military or government contract.
Verified Operational Use of White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons defined as: Companies, contractors, armed forces, government bodies, non-state armed groups, and other entities with verified operational use of a white phosphorus munition primarily as an incendiary weapon. Entity type and investability are recorded separately.
Export, Transfer, or Distribution of White Phosphorus Incendiary Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that export, transfer, broker, or distribute qualifying white phosphorus incendiary weapons where the exact product and transaction role are established.
Corroborated Official Findings of White Phosphorus Incendiary Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities for which an official investigation, enforcement action, treaty record, or reputable specialist report identifies the exact entity, qualifying white phosphorus incendiary product, and activity, supported by underlying or independent evidence. List membership alone is insufficient.
Verified State, Military, or Non-Investable Entity Involvement defined as: State-owned entities, government bodies, military units, non-state armed groups, and other non-investable entities with verified development, procurement, stockpiling, transfer, or use of qualifying white phosphorus incendiary weapons. Their entity type does not negate the factual activity.
Verified Historical White Phosphorus Incendiary-Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities with verified former development, production, assembly, sale, supply, transfer, stockpiling, or use of qualifying white phosphorus incendiary weapons, where the activity has ceased or current involvement is not established.

Exclusion criteria

White Phosphorus Used Primarily for Smoke, Obscuration, Signalling, Marking, or Illumination defined as: Companies and other entities whose white phosphorus munition is primarily designed for smoke, obscuration, signalling, marking, or illumination and whose incendiary effects are incidental. That involvement is assessed under White Phosphorus Smoke, Obscurant, Signalling and Illumination Munitions.
Other Incendiary Weapons Without White Phosphorus defined as: Companies and other entities that produce thermite, napalm, metal-powder incendiaries, or other incendiary weapons that do not use white phosphorus as the qualifying agent.
Industrial or Civilian White Phosphorus Without an Incendiary-Weapon End Use defined as: Companies and other entities that manufacture, process, sell, or transport white phosphorus for industrial, agricultural, chemical, laboratory, or other civilian uses without an identified incendiary-weapon end use.
Training, Simulation, Demilitarization, or Disposal Without Qualifying Incendiary-Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities whose role is limited to non-combat training, simulation, safety testing, demilitarization, destruction, disposal, remediation, or clearance and that do not otherwise develop, produce, supply, transfer, stockpile, or use qualifying white phosphorus incendiary weapons.

Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition)aggregator

A screen that aggregates Anti-Personnel Mines Production, Import, Export, Transfer, Transportation, Acquisition and Procurement, Development, Assembly, Repair, Stockpiling, Storage, Possession and Retention, Use, Promotion, Sale, and Distribution.

Anti-Personnel Mines Productionevaluated

Identifies entities involved in manufacturing or producing operational anti-personnel mines as defined by the Ottawa Convention, including mine kits, near-complete assemblies, and components specifically designed or materially modified for those mines where the mine-specific end use is established.

Inclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies that design, produce, or assemble anti-personnel mines, including blast, bounding, or fragmentation variants triggered by a person’s presence.
Production of Dedicated Anti-Personnel-Mine Components defined as: Entities that manufacture triggering mechanisms, fuzes, pressure plates, tripwires, sensors, casings, explosive assemblies, or other components specifically designed or materially modified for operational anti-personnel mines, where the mine-specific end use is established. Generic or dual-use components without such evidence remain excluded.
State-Owned or Contracted Mine Manufacturers defined as: Government-affiliated or contracted companies engaged in the production of anti-personnel mines for national stockpiles.
Co-Producers or Assembly Partners in International Mine Programs defined as: Companies participating in joint ventures or multinational production of anti-personnel mines.
Corroborated Production Evidence From Authoritative Monitors defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, production, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Production of Anti-Personnel-Mine Kits or Near-Complete Assemblies defined as: Entities that manufacture mine kits or near-complete assemblies specifically intended to be completed as operational anti-personnel mines. Supply, export, or sale is assessed separately and is not inferred solely from production.
Verified Historical Production defined as: Entities with documented past activity producing or manufacturing operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Producers of Anti-Vehicle or Anti-Tank Mines Only defined as: Companies that manufacture only mines triggered by vehicles or heavy pressure, not designed to detonate from human contact.
Command-Only or Anti-Vehicle Mine Production defined as: Entities that produce only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Manufacturers of Non-Explosive Training Mines defined as: Companies producing inert or simulated mines used for training, demining education, or non-operational purposes.
Demining or Clearance Equipment Providers defined as: Entities involved in mine detection, removal, and destruction—not in mine production.
Producers of Dual-Use Components (Unverified Use) defined as: Companies that produce materials like casings or electronics without evidence of use in anti-personnel mines.
R&D Entities Without Production Output defined as: Research institutions that may study landmine technology for clearance, forensic, or policy purposes—not manufacturing or distributing weapons.

Anti-Personnel Mines Importevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly and directly cause, arrange, or legally control the cross-border entry of operational anti-personnel mines, mine kits, or dedicated mine components into a country. A purchase, transfer, or transportation event does not by itself establish import unless the cross-border entry and the entity’s import role are established.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Cross-Border Import of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that knowingly cause or legally control the entry of operational anti-personnel mines into a country and are identified as the importer, consignee, recipient, or responsible importing party.
Import Brokers or Dealers With Import Responsibility defined as: Licensed intermediaries that arrange the cross-border entry and customs or regulatory import of operational anti-personnel mines for a government, armed force, reseller, or other recipient. Brokering a sale or transfer without an import role is insufficient.
Official Records Establishing an Import Role defined as: Entities identified by customs, defence, sanctions, enforcement, or procurement records as the importer, consignee, or recipient of a specific cross-border anti-personnel-mine shipment. A broad procurement record without cross-border entry is insufficient.
Import of Dedicated Components for Operational Mine Assembly defined as: Entities that knowingly cause or legally control the cross-border entry of fuzes, triggers, pressure plates, mine kits, or other components specifically designed or materially modified for assembly into operational anti-personnel mines.
Contractual Responsibility for Anti-Personnel-Mine Import defined as: Entities whose government-to-government, military, or commercial contract expressly assigns responsibility for bringing anti-personnel mines or dedicated assemblies into the destination country.
Corroborated Import Evidence From Authoritative Monitors defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, import, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Import defined as: Entities with documented past activity importing operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Import of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that import only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Importers of Non-Explosive or Inert Devices defined as: Companies importing deactivated, inert, or training-specific mines with no capacity for detonation.
Demining Equipment Importers defined as: Entities importing equipment used for mine clearance, disposal, or detection.
General Logistics and Freight Companies defined as: Shipping or customs agents handling transportation without knowledge, control, or legal responsibility for mine imports.
Importers of Dual-Use Components (No Weapon Assembly) defined as: Entities importing general-purpose items (e.g., mechanical triggers, casings) not demonstrably used in operational anti-personnel mines.

Anti-Personnel Mines Exportevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly and directly cause, arrange, or legally control the cross-border exit of operational anti-personnel mines, mine kits, or dedicated mine components from a country. A sale, transfer, or transportation event does not by itself establish export unless the cross-border exit and the entity’s export role are established.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Cross-Border Export of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that knowingly cause or legally control the exit of operational anti-personnel mines from a country and are identified as the exporter, consignor, or responsible exporting party.
Export Brokers or Dealers With Export Responsibility defined as: Licensed intermediaries that arrange the cross-border exit, export authorization, or shipment of operational anti-personnel mines. Brokering a sale or transfer without an export role is insufficient.
Corroborated Export Evidence From Official Records or Authoritative Monitors defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, export, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Export of Dedicated Anti-Personnel-Mine Components defined as: Entities that knowingly cause, arrange, or legally control the cross-border exit of fuzes, triggers, explosive charges, mine kits, or other components specifically designed or materially modified for integration into operational anti-personnel mines in another country.
Contracts Requiring Cross-Border Export of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities party to defence contracts or arms agreements that expressly require the cross-border exit of operational anti-personnel mines or dedicated assemblies from the exporting country.
Corroborated Export-Violation Evidence defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, export violation, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Export defined as: Entities with documented past activity exporting operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Export of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that export only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Exporters of Deactivated or Inert Mines defined as: Companies exporting training or display mines that are fully inert and non-operational.
Exporters of Demining Technology or Training Devices defined as: Entities that export mine clearance tools, robotic systems, or non-lethal educational simulators.
General Freight Forwarders and Shipping Companies defined as: Transport companies that move goods internationally but do not manage, own, or control the munitions being exported.
Exporters of General Components (Not Mine-Specific) defined as: Companies that export electronics, metal housings, or similar parts without evidence of intended use in anti-personnel mines.

Anti-Personnel Mines Transferevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly transfer, broker, arrange, or control a change in title, ownership, custody, or control of operational anti-personnel mines, including state-to-state and non-commercial transfers. Import, export, transportation, sale, and distribution are assessed separately and are not inferred solely from a transfer event.

Inclusion criteria

Transfer of Title, Ownership, Custody, or Control defined as: Entities that knowingly cause, arrange, or control a change in title, ownership, custody, or control of operational anti-personnel mines between parties. Physical movement is not required when title or control changes.
Contractual Transfers Within Broader Weapons Packages defined as: Entities that broker, fulfil, or administer a contract that expressly changes title, ownership, custody, or control of anti-personnel mines as part of a wider weapons package.
Arms Dealers or Brokers With Transfer Authority defined as: Entities authorized to negotiate or execute a change in title, ownership, custody, or control of operational anti-personnel mines, even when they neither manufacture nor physically transport the mines.
Corroborated Transfer Evidence From Authoritative Investigations defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, transfer, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
State-to-State or Other Non-Commercial Transfers defined as: Entities that execute, administer, or facilitate a documented handoff or change in title, custody, or control of operational anti-personnel mines between governments, armed forces, or other parties without requiring a commercial sale.
Operational Handover With Custody or Control Transition defined as: Private military, logistics, or other contractors that knowingly execute an operational handover in which custody or control of anti-personnel mines passes to a recipient. Physical carriage without such a transition is transportation, not transfer.
Verified Historical Transfer defined as: Entities with documented past activity transferring or brokering transfers of operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Transfer of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that transfer only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Logistics Companies Without Control Over the Transfer defined as: Transport firms, customs brokers, or freight providers with no role in ownership, intent, or end-use decisions.
Deactivated or Inert Mine Transfers defined as: Organizations transferring training or display versions of anti-personnel mines that are non-functional and fully demilitarized.
Transfers Related to Humanitarian Clearance Programs defined as: Entities moving anti-personnel mines for destruction or research under humanitarian oversight or disarmament frameworks.
Transfer of Components Without Assembly or Deployment defined as: Firms transferring parts (e.g., fuzes, shells) with no confirmed integration into anti-personnel mine systems or final weaponization.

Anti-Personnel Mines Transportationevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly carry, move, handle, store in transit, or provide controlled logistics for operational anti-personnel mines, mine kits, or dedicated mine components. Transportation does not by itself establish ownership transfer, import, export, sale, or distribution.

Inclusion criteria

Knowing Physical Transportation of Operational Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that knowingly carry or move operational anti-personnel mines between locations, including domestic movement, cross-border carriage, movement to storage, or movement to a deployment area.
Specialized Logistics for Anti-Personnel-Mine Transportation defined as: Entities contracted to provide controlled freight, secure conveyance, armoured transport, or other specialized physical-movement services for operational anti-personnel mines.
Shipping Records Establishing a Transportation Role defined as: Entities identified in government, military, customs, carrier, or shipping records as physically carrying or handling a specific anti-personnel-mine shipment. A sale, transfer, or procurement record without a transportation role is insufficient.
Licensed Carriers Knowingly Transporting Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Licensed freight forwarders, bonded couriers, carriers, or handlers that knowingly physically move operational anti-personnel mines under controlled arms-shipment procedures.
Deployment Logistics Involving Physical Mine Movement defined as: Private military or logistics contractors that knowingly physically move anti-personnel mines to or within a deployment area. General combat logistics without mine-specific carriage is insufficient.
Corroborated Transportation Evidence From Authoritative Investigations defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, transportation, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Transportation defined as: Entities with documented past activity transporting or providing controlled logistics for operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Transportation of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that transport only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Shipping of Inert or Deactivated Mines defined as: Firms moving display-only, demilitarized, or training-purpose landmines that pose no operational threat.
Generic Freight or Courier Services (Unaware Cargo) defined as: Logistics companies that transport containers but have no knowledge or control over the presence of anti-personnel mines inside.
Humanitarian Mine Action Organizations defined as: NGOs or contractors involved in the movement of recovered anti-personnel mines strictly for destruction or forensic analysis under disarmament programs.
Transport of General Explosives Without Mine Designation defined as: Entities shipping explosive materials or components not specifically linked to anti-personnel mine systems.

Anti-Personnel Mines Developmentevaluated

Identifies entities involved in the research, design, engineering, prototyping, testing, or technical development of operational anti-personnel mines as defined by the Ottawa Convention, including fuzes, triggers, sensors, or other components specifically designed or materially modified for those mines where the mine-specific end use is established.

Inclusion criteria

Entities Engaged in R&D of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies or institutions involved in designing or engineering anti-personnel mines intended to detonate from human contact, proximity, or presence.
Prototype Developers and Design Engineers defined as: Firms responsible for creating or refining blueprints, functional mockups, or test models of anti-personnel mines.
Contractors in Government-Funded Landmine Programs defined as: Entities that receive military or defense funding specifically for developing anti-personnel mine technologies or mechanisms.
Development of Dedicated Anti-Personnel-Mine Fuzes, Triggers, and Components defined as: Entities that research, design, engineer, prototype, or test fuzes, pressure plates, tripwires, proximity sensors, or other components specifically designed or materially modified to activate or function within operational anti-personnel mines, where the mine-specific end use is established.
Entities Involved in Testing and Evaluation of New Mine Models defined as: Organizations that conduct field trials or lab-based testing of anti-personnel mine performance, durability, or lethality.
Co-Developers in International Mine Programs defined as: Companies participating in collaborative development agreements or technology sharing related to anti-personnel mines.
Corroborated Development Evidence From Authoritative Monitors defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, development, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Development defined as: Entities with documented past activity developing operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Development of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that develop only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Simulation, Modeling, or Forensics Research (Non-Weapons Focus) defined as: Academic or defense researchers using mine models for clearance training, policy simulation, or forensic analysis.
Dual-Use Component R&D (Without Mine Integration) defined as: Companies designing sensors, casings, or electronics for general military use not shown to be used in anti-personnel mines.
Producers Without R&D Capability defined as: Manufacturers that assemble anti-personnel mines without involvement in their technical or conceptual development.
Mine Clearance Technology Developers defined as: Entities researching demining robotics, detection devices, or explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) technologies, not mine creation.

Anti-Personnel Mines Assemblyevaluated

Identifies entities involved in assembling or integrating explosive charges, fuzes, triggers, casings, fragmentation elements, or other components into operational anti-personnel mines, regardless of whether the entity is private, state-owned, government-operated, or acting under contract.

Inclusion criteria

Companies Assembling Complete Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies that combine explosive charges, triggering mechanisms (e.g., pressure plates, tripwires), and casings into operational anti-personnel mines.
Final Integrators for Military or Export Contracts defined as: Companies responsible for final-stage mine assembly for domestic deployment or international sale, even if components are made elsewhere.
Contract Manufacturers Producing Operational Mines defined as: Subcontractors hired to perform assembly work on behalf of governments or defense contractors, with evidence of victim-activated landmine assembly.
State-Owned or Government-Operated Anti-Personnel-Mine Assembly defined as: State-owned companies, government facilities, military production units, contractors, or other entities that manage, staff, or control assembly lines integrating components into operational anti-personnel mines. Entity type and investability are recorded separately from the factual activity.
Component Integrators (Human-Triggered Mines) defined as: Companies that combine victim-activated fuzes, fragmentation materials, or bounding mechanisms into explosive devices for field use.
Corroborated Assembly Evidence From Authoritative Monitors defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, assembly, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Assembly defined as: Entities with documented past activity assembling operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Assembly of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that assemble only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Component Manufacturers Not Involved in Assembly defined as: Companies that manufacture mine parts (e.g., fuzes, shells, electronics) without participating in final mine integration or assembly.
Demining and Disposal Firms defined as: Organizations that dismantle, deactivate, or destroy landmines under humanitarian or treaty-compliance programs.
Training or Display Device Assemblers defined as: Entities assembling inert or non-functional replica mines for education, simulation, or museum use.
Manufacturers Without Assembly Operations defined as: Companies that design or sell mine parts but outsource all assembly and do not control or manage integration.

Anti-Personnel Mines Repairevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the the maintenance or repair of anti-personnel mines to restore them to operational condition.

Inclusion criteria

Entities That Repair or Refurbish Operational Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies that service or restore components of anti-personnel mines (e.g., fuzes, pressure plates, explosive cores) to working condition.
Military or Defense Contractors Performing Lifecycle Maintenance defined as: Firms under contract to inspect, maintain, or recondition stored or deployed anti-personnel mines for continued usability.
Reconditioning Services for Aged Stockpiles defined as: Companies hired to restore functionality to older or degraded anti-personnel mines held in military inventories.
Mine Refurbishment Facilities or Workshops defined as: Government or private facilities specifically tasked with performing repairs or upgrades to existing mines.
Corroborated Repair Evidence From Authoritative Investigations defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, repair or refurbishment, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Suppliers of Replacement Parts Specifically for Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies providing spare parts or upgrade kits explicitly marketed or documented for use in victim-activated anti-personnel mines.
Verified Historical Repair defined as: Entities with documented past activity repairing, maintaining, or refurbishing operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Repair of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that repair only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Disarmament or Demilitarization Contractors defined as: Entities repairing or stabilizing mines only for safe disposal, deactivation, or humanitarian clearance, not continued use.
Training Device Maintenance defined as: Repair services for inert or simulation mines used in military education or humanitarian demining exercises.
Manufacturers Without Involvement in Maintenance defined as: Companies that produce or assemble mines but are not involved in their maintenance or restoration.
Component Repair Providers (Generic Use) defined as: Firms repairing general electronics, explosives, or casings with no confirmed application in human activated anti-personnel mines.

Anti-Personnel Mines Stockpiling, Storage, Possession and Retentionevaluated

Identifies entities that own, possess, retain, stockpile, store, manage inventory for, or exercise knowing custody or control over operational anti-personnel mines. Limited custody or retention solely for permitted detection, clearance, destruction, evidence, or fully deactivated-device purposes is excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Facilities Holding Operational Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that operate warehouses, depots, bunkers, magazines, or other facilities and knowingly store, possess, retain, stockpile, or exercise custody or control over operational anti-personnel mines.
Contractors Managing Anti-Personnel-Mine Stockpiles defined as: Entities contracted to manage inventory, custody, rotation, inspection, accounting, retention, or stockpile control for operational anti-personnel mines on behalf of a government, armed force, or other owner.
Corroborated Stockpiling or Possession Evidence From Authoritative Monitors defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, stockpiling, possession, or retention, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Third-Party Retention or Possession for Operational Purposes defined as: Entities that knowingly retain, possess, or hold operational anti-personnel mines for another party, future deployment, resale, transfer, reserve inventory, or other non-humanitarian operational purposes.
Security, Logistics, or Facility Operators With Confirmed Stockpile Custody defined as: Entities that knowingly exercise physical custody, inventory control, access control, or operational management over anti-personnel-mine stockpiles, rather than merely providing generic premises or services.
Verified Historical Stockpiling, Storage, Possession or Retention defined as: Entities with documented past activity stockpiling, storing, possessing, retaining, or controlling operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Stockpiling of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that store, possess, retain, or stockpile only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person.
Possession of Inert, Demilitarized, or Fully Deactivated Devices defined as: Entities holding replicas, training devices, demilitarized mines, or devices rendered incapable of operational restoration, where no operational anti-personnel mines are possessed or retained.
Permitted Temporary Custody or Retention for Detection, Clearance, Destruction, or Evidence defined as: Entities holding the minimum necessary number of anti-personnel mines, or temporarily possessing recovered mines, solely for detection, clearance, destruction, technical training, legal evidence, or other permitted humanitarian purposes, with no operational stockpile role.
Premises or Logistics Providers Without Knowing Custody or Control defined as: Property owners, freight handlers, storage providers, or other service providers that do not know the contents, control access or inventory, or exercise custody over operational anti-personnel mines.
Manufacturers Without Stockpile, Possession, or Retention Responsibility defined as: Entities that manufacture anti-personnel mines but do not own, possess, retain, stockpile, store, manage, or exercise custody or control over an operational inventory.

Anti-Personnel Mines Useevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the the deployment, placement, or operational use of anti-personnel mines prohibited by the Ottawa Treaty.

Inclusion criteria

Entities That Deploy or Activate Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies that directly use, plant, or trigger anti-personnel mines in combat, military exercises, or occupied areas.
Private Military Contractors Using Banned Mines defined as: Armed security or private defense firms documented to have deployed anti-personnel mines in conflict zones on behalf of clients or governments.
Entities Operating Mine-Laying Systems (Manual or Mechanical) defined as: Firms or units using manual placement or mechanical dispensers to emplace anti-personnel mines in fields, borders, or transit zones.
Use During Training or Non-Compliant Military Exercises defined as: Companies or contractors using operational anti-personnel mines in military training contexts, in violation of treaty terms.
Corroborated Use Evidence From Authoritative Investigations defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, operational use, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Entities Using Mines Through Proxies defined as: Companies that instruct, direct, or enable third parties to use anti-personnel mines, including through indirect command, leasing, or logistical support.
Verified Historical Use defined as: Entities with documented past activity deploying, placing, activating, or directing the use of operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.
State Armed Forces or Government Units With Verified Operational Use defined as: State armed forces, government units, or other non-investable entities for which entity-specific evidence establishes deployment, placement, activation, direction, or other operational use of anti-personnel mines. Entity type and investability are recorded separately from the factual activity.

Exclusion criteria

Use of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that use only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Simulated or Inert Use in Training Scenarios defined as: Organizations using non-functional, replica, or demilitarized mines for training, display, or safety education.
Demining Organizations defined as: Humanitarian or military contractors using mines for controlled detonation as part of demining or mine-clearing exercises.
Entities Supporting Clearance or Detection Only defined as: Companies that build, operate, or train others in using mine detection or neutralization tools.

Anti-Personnel Mines Promotionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the the marketing, advertising, or public promotion of anti-personnel mines prohibited by the Ottawa Treaty.

Inclusion criteria

Companies Marketing Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that advertise or promote anti-personnel mines through catalogs, websites, trade expos, or digital media.
Sales Teams or Distributors Promoting Mines defined as: Subsidiaries or agents that present or pitch anti-personnel mines to potential customers, including foreign governments or military buyers.
Participants in Arms Exhibitions Featuring Banned Mines defined as: Companies showcasing or endorsing anti-personnel mines at defense trade shows, especially in violation of treaty norms.
Entities Producing Promotional Material defined as: Firms responsible for producing brochures, spec sheets, demonstration videos, or similar materials specifically for anti-personnel mines.
Public Endorsement of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Companies or executives publicly advocating for the continued use or military utility of anti-personnel mines.
Joint Marketing Ventures for Landmine Systems defined as: Entities engaged in cooperative promotion of landmine systems, where anti-personnel mines are included as part of the product offering.
Verified Historical Promotion defined as: Entities with documented past activity promoting or marketing operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Promotion of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that promote only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Media, Researchers, or NGOs Discussing Landmines defined as: Outlets or academics that publish neutral or critical content about anti-personnel mines without commercial or promotional intent.
Producers Without Promotional Activity defined as: Companies that manufacture anti-personnel mines but do not engage in any active advertising, showcasing, or endorsement.
Generic Marketing Firms Without Editorial Control defined as: Advertising or marketing agencies producing content under contract, where they do not control or endorse the messaging.
Demining or Awareness Campaigns defined as: Organizations that engage in public education, mine clearance advocacy, or campaigns to prevent landmine use, not promote it.

Anti-Personnel Mines Saleevaluated

Identifies entities that sell, offer for sale, price, contract to sell, or broker a commercial sale of operational anti-personnel mines, mine kits, or dedicated mine components. Production, procurement, transfer, transportation, export, or distribution does not by itself establish a sale.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Commercial Sale of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that sell or contract to sell operational anti-personnel mines for consideration to a state or non-state purchaser. Production, procurement, transfer, transport, export, or distribution without a commercial sale is insufficient.
Arms Brokers or Dealers Facilitating a Commercial Sale defined as: Entities that negotiate, price, arrange, or broker a commercial sale of operational anti-personnel mines between third parties.
Seller-Side Government Contractors in Mine Sale Agreements defined as: Entities contracted by a government to offer, price, contract, or fulfil the seller-side commercial sale of operational anti-personnel mines. Buyer-side procurement authority is assessed under Anti-Personnel Mines Acquisition and Procurement.
Commercial Sales Packages That Specifically Include Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities participating in a documented commercial weapons sale in which operational anti-personnel mines are expressly included as a priced or contracted item.
Digital Platforms or Catalogues Enabling a Commercial Mine Sale defined as: Entities operating digital marketplaces, catalogues, or transactional platforms that knowingly list, price, solicit orders for, or enable the commercial sale of operational anti-personnel mines.
Corroborated Sale Evidence From Authoritative Investigations defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, sale, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Sale defined as: Entities with documented past activity selling or brokering sales of operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Sale of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that sell only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Component Suppliers Without End-Use Knowledge defined as: Firms that sell generic parts (e.g., casings, electronics) without evidence of intended use in anti-personnel mines.
Sale of Inert, Demilitarized, or Training Mines defined as: Organizations selling deactivated mines or replicas used for display or training, not for operational use.
Non-Selling Manufacturers or Transporters defined as: Companies involved in mine production or logistics without involvement in transactional or pricing activity.
Humanitarian Mine Action Organizations defined as: NGOs or clearance firms involved in handling recovered mines for destruction or evidence, not for sale.

Anti-Personnel Mines Distributionevaluated

Identifies entities that knowingly allocate, fulfil, route, supply, or deliver operational anti-personnel mines through a military or commercial supply chain with control over recipients or destination. Transportation without allocation or fulfilment control, and sale without a distribution role, do not by themselves establish distribution.

Inclusion criteria

Controlled Allocation or Fulfilment of Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that knowingly allocate, fulfil, route, supply, or deliver operational anti-personnel mines to identified recipients through a military or commercial supply chain and control the destination or recipient.
Authorized Anti-Personnel-Mine Distributors defined as: Entities holding a distribution appointment, fulfilment contract, or supply-chain mandate for operational anti-personnel mines and controlling allocation to customers or end users.
Subsidiaries With a Direct Mine-Distribution Role defined as: Subsidiaries or controlled affiliates that directly manage allocation, fulfilment, routing, or delivery of operational anti-personnel mines. A parent or sister company does not inherit the activity without separate attribution evidence.
Distribution Through Multinational Arms Supply Chains defined as: Entities that knowingly coordinate allocation, fulfilment, or delivery of operational anti-personnel mines between manufacturers, sellers, governments, armed forces, or end users. Mere physical carriage is transportation.
Logistics Providers Controlling Recipient or Destination Allocation defined as: Entities that knowingly determine or control the recipient, destination, release, or fulfilment of anti-personnel-mine inventory. Logistics without allocation control is not distribution.
Corroborated Distribution Evidence From Authoritative Investigations defined as: Entities for which an NGO, treaty monitor, UN body, government record, sanctions or enforcement record, or other authoritative investigation provides an exact legal-entity, product, distribution, and time attribution concerning treaty-defined anti-personnel mines, and the assertion is corroborated by a primary source or another independent authoritative source. List membership or a combined controversial-weapons list alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Distribution defined as: Entities with documented past activity distributing or controlling allocation of operational anti-personnel mines or the applicable outside-definition devices, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record the activity as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, destruction, divestiture, or exit evidence; verified disengagement does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Distribution of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that distribute only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation does not by itself place a victim-activated mine outside the treaty definition.
Logistics Companies Without Knowledge or Control defined as: Freight handlers, customs brokers, or third-party logistics firms that do not know the content of sealed cargo or do not control routing or allocation.
Distribution of Inert or Training Mines defined as: Companies involved only in the distribution of demilitarized, replica, or training-purpose landmines with no operational functionality.
Suppliers of General Components defined as: Firms that distribute parts (e.g., sensors, fuzes, casings) without integration into full anti-personnel mine systems.
Organizations Involved in Destruction or Return defined as: Humanitarian or military entities involved in the reverse distribution or transfer of recovered mines for destruction or disarmament, not deployment.

Anti-Personnel Mines Acquisition and Procurementevaluated

Identifies entities that authorize, initiate, manage, order, procure, acquire, accept receipt of, or otherwise obtain ownership or control of operational anti-personnel mines, mine kits, or dedicated mine components. Supplier participation, policy discussion, or preliminary interest without buyer-side authority or a product-specific procurement process is excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Acquisition of Operational Anti-Personnel Mines defined as: Entities that purchase, receive, accept, or otherwise obtain ownership, possession, custody, or control of operational anti-personnel mines for military, security, reserve, resale, transfer, or other non-humanitarian purposes.
Formal Anti-Personnel-Mine Procurement Processes defined as: Entities with buyer-side authority that issue or manage a product-specific request for information, market consultation, solicitation, tender, purchase order, contract award, or other formal procurement process for operational anti-personnel mines.
Procurement Agents or Contractors With Buyer-Side Authority defined as: Entities authorized to define requirements, evaluate suppliers, negotiate, place orders, accept delivery, or otherwise act for the buyer in acquiring operational anti-personnel mines. General advisers without acquisition authority are excluded.
Receipt Through State-to-State or Other Non-Commercial Transfer defined as: Entities that acquire ownership, possession, custody, or control of operational anti-personnel mines through a documented state-to-state grant, military assistance transfer, donation, exchange, or other non-commercial handoff.
Acquisition of Dedicated Mine Kits or Components for Operational Assembly defined as: Entities that procure or acquire mine kits, fuzes, triggers, pressure plates, explosive assemblies, or other components specifically designed or materially modified for assembly into operational anti-personnel mines, where the intended end use is established.
Corroborated Acquisition or Procurement Evidence defined as: Entities for which official procurement records, government documents, sanctions or enforcement records, treaty monitors, or other authoritative sources provide an exact entity, product, buyer-side acquisition or procurement activity, and time attribution. A broad list or country-level statement alone is insufficient.
Verified Historical Acquisition or Procurement defined as: Entities with documented past acquisition or buyer-side procurement of operational anti-personnel mines, where the process or activity has ended or current involvement is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL; subsequent destruction, cancellation, divestiture, or withdrawal does not erase the historical involvement.

Exclusion criteria

Policy Discussion or Capability Study Without a Formal Procurement Process defined as: Entities involved only in general policy discussion, capability planning, feasibility analysis, or expressions of future interest without a product-specific procurement process, order, receipt, or buyer-side acquisition action.
Supplier, Seller, Bidder, Exporter, or Distributor Without Buyer-Side Authority defined as: Entities acting only as a potential or actual supplier, seller, bidder, exporter, transferor, transporter, or distributor and that do not authorize, manage, execute, or accept the buyer-side acquisition. Their seller-side activities are assessed under the applicable separate screens.
Generic Financial, Legal, Administrative, Advisory, or Logistics Services defined as: Entities providing financing, legal advice, administration, market research, general consulting, customs, freight, warehousing, or other support without authority to select suppliers, commit the buyer, place an order, accept delivery, or obtain ownership or control.
Permitted Acquisition or Possession for Detection, Clearance, Destruction, Evidence, or Deactivated Devices defined as: Entities acquiring or possessing the minimum necessary number of mines solely for permitted detection, clearance, destruction, authorized technical training, legal evidence, or fully deactivated-device purposes, with no operational procurement role.
Acquisition of Anti-Vehicle or Command-Only Devices Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities acquiring only anti-vehicle mines or command-detonated explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available mode triggered by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. These products are outside the treaty-defined acquisition screen.

Depleted Uranium Weapons, Munitions and Dedicated Componentsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, sale, supply, transfer, export, procurement, stockpiling, possession, or operational use of weapons, munitions, penetrators, or dedicated components containing depleted uranium for a military weapon function.

Inclusion criteria

Complete Depleted Uranium Weapons or Gun Systems defined as: Companies and other entities that develop, manufacture, or produce a complete weapon or gun system incorporating depleted uranium as a dedicated military weapon material or functional component.
Dedicated Depleted Uranium Weapon Components and Penetrator Assemblies defined as: Companies and other entities that develop or produce depleted uranium penetrators, penetrator assemblies, liners, or other components specifically designed, significantly modified, or directly integrated for a military weapon or munition function.
Sale, Supply, or Contracted Delivery of Depleted Uranium Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that sell, supply, broker, or deliver a depleted uranium weapon, gun system, or dedicated weapon component under a product-specific military or government contract.
Product-Specific Procurement, Delivery, or Trade Evidence for Depleted Uranium Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities identified in official procurement, contract, delivery, export, or trade records for an exact depleted uranium weapon, gun system, or dedicated component. Broad reporting or list membership alone is insufficient.
Production of Depleted Uranium Munitions, Projectiles, or Penetrators defined as: Companies and other entities that develop, manufacture, or assemble ammunition, projectiles, rounds, shells, penetrators, or other munitions containing depleted uranium for a military weapon function.
Verified Historical Depleted Uranium Weapon or Component Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities with verified former development, production, assembly, sale, supply, transfer, or programme involvement in depleted uranium weapons or dedicated components, where the activity has ceased or current involvement is not established.
Manufacture of Depleted Uranium-Containing Projectiles and Penetrators defined as: Companies and other entities that develop or manufacture armour-piercing rounds, shells, projectiles, or penetrators containing depleted uranium.
Production or Assembly of Complete Depleted Uranium Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that manufacture or assemble complete depleted uranium munitions, including the depleted uranium penetrator or payload and the associated munition configuration.
Sale, Supply, or Contracted Delivery of Depleted Uranium Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that sell, supply, broker, export, or deliver depleted uranium ammunition under a product-specific military or government contract.
Supply of Depleted Uranium Munitions or Dedicated Components to Armed Forces defined as: Companies and other entities with verified direct supply of depleted uranium munitions, penetrators, or dedicated components to armed forces or another identified military end user.
Corroborated Procurement or Trade Evidence for Depleted Uranium Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities identified in official procurement, contract, delivery, export, or trade records for an exact depleted uranium munition or dedicated component, supported by product- and entity-specific evidence. List membership alone is insufficient.
Depleted Uranium Weapons or Gun Systems Without Ammunition Manufacture defined as: Companies and other entities that develop, manufacture, integrate, sell, or supply a complete weapon or gun system with a verified depleted uranium function even where they do not manufacture the associated ammunition.
Verified Historical Depleted Uranium Munition or Dedicated-Component Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities with verified former production, assembly, sale, supply, transfer, or programme involvement in depleted uranium munitions, penetrators, or dedicated components, where the activity has ceased or current involvement is not established.

Exclusion criteria

Delivery Platforms Without a Depleted Uranium Weapon or Munition Role defined as: Companies and other entities that manufacture tanks, aircraft, naval platforms, vehicles, or other delivery platforms capable of carrying or firing depleted uranium products but do not develop, produce, integrate, sell, or supply the depleted uranium weapon, munition, or dedicated component.
Generic System Integration Without a Depleted Uranium-Specific Deliverable defined as: Companies and other entities that install or integrate general weapon systems without a documented depleted uranium-specific product, material, component, or engineering deliverable.
Raw Depleted Uranium or Non-Weapon Components Without a Documented Weapon Nexus defined as: Companies and other entities that mine, recover, refine, process, store, or supply depleted uranium or general components without evidence of knowing, product-specific supply to a depleted uranium weapon or munition programme.
Conventional or Non-Depleted-Uranium Weapons and Munitions defined as: Companies and other entities that produce weapons or ammunition using tungsten, lead, steel, or other materials without depleted uranium content.
Raw Depleted Uranium Supply Without Knowing Programme-Specific Weapon End Use defined as: Companies and other entities that provide raw or high-purity depleted uranium without evidence that the supply was knowingly made for an identified depleted uranium weapon, munition, penetrator, or dedicated component.
Generic Components Without Depleted Uranium Integration defined as: Companies and other entities that produce general-purpose casings, fuzes, propellants, explosives, barrels, vehicles, or other components without directly integrating depleted uranium or providing a dedicated depleted uranium function.
Disposal, Cleanup, Decommissioning, or Remediation Without Qualifying Depleted Uranium Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities whose role is limited to demilitarization, disposal, cleanup, environmental remediation, decommissioning, medical assessment, or waste management and that do not otherwise develop, produce, supply, transfer, stockpile, or use qualifying depleted uranium weapons or munitions.

Non-Detectable Fragment Weaponsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, production, assembly, integration, sale, supply, transfer, export, or operational use of a weapon whose primary effect is to injure persons by fragments that cannot be detected in the human body by X-rays.

Inclusion criteria

Weapons Designed to Injure by X-Ray-Undetectable Fragments defined as: Companies and other entities that design, manufacture, or produce a weapon whose primary effect is to injure persons by fragments that cannot be detected in the human body by X-rays.
Munitions or Warheads with a Prohibited Primary Fragmentation Effect defined as: Companies and other entities that develop, produce, assemble, or integrate a munition, warhead, explosive device, or payload whose primary injury effect is caused by X-ray-undetectable fragments.
Dedicated X-Ray-Undetectable Fragments or Fragmentation Components defined as: Companies and other entities that produce fragments, fragmentation matrices, payloads, or other components specifically designed and directly integrated to create the prohibited primary injury effect.
Corroborated Official or Legal Findings of Non-Detectable Fragment Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities for which an official investigation, legal finding, treaty record, or reputable specialist source identifies the exact entity, weapon, and prohibited primary fragmentation effect, supported by underlying or independent evidence. List membership alone is insufficient.
Sale, Supply, Transfer, Export, or Operational Use of Non-Detectable Fragment Weapons defined as: Companies and other entities that sell, supply, broker, transfer, export, distribute, or operationally use a weapon whose prohibited primary effect is established.
Verified Historical Non-Detectable Fragment Weapon Involvement defined as: Companies and other entities with verified former development, production, assembly, sale, supply, transfer, or programme involvement in weapons with the prohibited primary effect, where the activity has ceased or current involvement is not established.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional Weapons with X-Ray-Detectable Fragments defined as: Companies and other entities that produce munitions using fragments that can be detected in the human body by X-rays.
Frangible Ammunition Without a Prohibited Fragmentation Effect defined as: Companies and other entities that produce frangible ammunition designed to disintegrate, reduce ricochet, or limit over-penetration without creating injury-causing X-ray-undetectable fragments as the weapon's primary effect.
Advanced Materials for Non-Weapon or Non-Fragmentation Purposes defined as: Companies and other entities that produce polymers, ceramics, composites, glass, adhesives, or other advanced materials without an identified prohibited fragmentation-weapon application.
Generic Components Without Intentional Integration into a Prohibited Weapon defined as: Companies and other entities that produce raw materials, casings, binders, adhesives, or other generic components without evidence of intentional integration into a weapon with the prohibited primary effect.
Non-Fragmenting, Non-Injury, Non-Lethal, or Compliance-Verified Products defined as: Companies and other entities that produce non-fragmenting devices, non-injury particles, compliant military products, flashbangs, tear-gas devices, training aids, or other products that do not have the prohibited primary injury effect.

Weaponized Unmanned Platforms and Combat Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, or sale of reusable unmanned aerial, ground, surface, or underwater platforms designed, equipped, or materially modified to deliver weapons or conduct direct combat operations.

Inclusion criteria

Armed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, integrate, or sell reusable unmanned aerial vehicles equipped or materially configured to carry, launch, or employ weapons in military operations.
Weaponized Unmanned Ground Vehicles defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, integrate, or sell reusable unmanned ground vehicles equipped or materially configured for direct combat, armed patrol, or weapon delivery.
Weaponized Unmanned Surface and Underwater Vessels defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, integrate, or sell reusable unmanned surface vessels or underwater vehicles equipped or materially configured to deliver weapons or conduct direct combat operations.
Weapon Integration and Combat-System Control defined as: Companies that perform platform-level integration of weapons, fire-control, autonomous engagement, remote weapon stations, or combat mission systems into a qualifying unmanned platform.
Verified Historical Weaponized Unmanned-System Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, integration, sale, export, or supply of weaponized unmanned platforms or combat systems.

Exclusion criteria

Unarmed Reconnaissance and Civilian Unmanned Systems defined as: Companies whose identified products are unarmed surveillance, mapping, inspection, agricultural, delivery, recreational, or other civilian unmanned systems without a direct combat or weapon-delivery configuration.
Loitering Munitions, One-Way Attack Systems, Missiles, and Rockets defined as: Companies whose identified products are expendable loitering munitions, one-way attack systems, missiles, rockets, torpedoes, or other munitions rather than reusable unmanned combat platforms. These activities are assessed under the applicable missile or munitions screens.
Counter-Unmanned-System Products defined as: Companies that develop systems intended only to detect, track, jam, intercept, or defeat unmanned systems without producing a weaponized unmanned platform.
Ground-Control, Autonomy, and Component Supply Without Platform-Level Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only ground stations, autonomy software, navigation, communications, sensors, engines, or other components without platform-level development or weapon integration. Qualifying dedicated components are assessed under Military Weapons Components and Subsystems.
Training, Simulation, and Demonstration-Only Systems defined as: Companies whose identified involvement is limited to training targets, simulators, test articles, non-operational prototypes, demonstrations, or research programmes without an operational weaponized platform or material integration role.

Landminesaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Anti-Vehicle Mines and Anti-Personnel Mines (Outside of Treaty Definition) screens.

Anti-Vehicle Minesevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the the development, production, or sale of anti-vehicle mines designed to be detonated by the presence or contact of vehicles.

Inclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Conventional Anti-Vehicle Mines defined as: Companies that produce mines designed to be buried or deployed for detonation by pressure, magnetic influence, or contact with military vehicles.
Developers of Remote-Activated or Sensor-Based Vehicle Mines defined as: Firms that design anti-vehicle mines triggered by motion sensors, tripwires, or remote detonation intended to target vehicle movement.
Entities Supplying Programmable or Directional Anti-Vehicle Mines defined as: Companies that manufacture advanced anti-vehicle mines capable of targeting specific vehicle types or responding to electronic signatures.
Vendors Listed in Military Contracts for Mine Procurement defined as: Firms named in defense procurement documents or credible reporting as providers of anti-vehicle mine systems.
Producers of Dispensers or Launchers for Anti-Vehicle Mines defined as: Companies that manufacture delivery systems that deploy anti-vehicle mines over a wide area.
Exporters or Resellers of Anti-Vehicle Mines defined as: Organizations involved in the cross-border sale or brokering of anti-vehicle mines to state or non-state military entities.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Anti-Personnel Mines Only defined as: Companies that produce mines designed to be triggered by human contact are covered under a separate screen.
Producers of Explosive Ordnance Not Configured as Mines defined as: Firms that manufacture grenades, shells, or other munitions not designed to be left in place and detonated by vehicles.
Suppliers of Inert, Training, or Demining Devices defined as: Companies providing non-lethal replicas or clearance tools not intended for combat use.
Builders of Landmine Components Without Assembly defined as: Entities producing triggering mechanisms, casings, or explosives not integrated into complete anti-vehicle mine systems.
Commercial Explosives Manufacturers for Civil Use defined as: Firms producing demolition materials for mining, construction, or industrial use with no military mine application.
Former Mine Producers with Verified Exit defined as: Companies that previously made anti-vehicle mines but have formally ended production and no longer engage in such activity.

Anti-Personnel Mines (Outside of Treaty Definition)evaluated

Identifies entities involved in the development, production, assembly, acquisition, storage, promotion, sale, transfer, distribution, or use of command-detonated anti-personnel explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available victim-activated mode. Devices designed to explode from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person remain within Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), regardless of sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation.

Inclusion criteria

Production of Command-Detonated Anti-Personnel Explosive Devices defined as: Entities that produce explosive devices intended to affect personnel and that require deliberate human command or remote activation, with no available mode designed to detonate from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Self-deactivation is not required for this classification.
Manually Controlled Area-Denial Systems Without a Victim-Activated Mode defined as: Entities that develop, produce, assemble, or supply distributed explosive area-denial systems directed against personnel where every operational detonation requires deliberate human activation and no victim-activated mode is available.
Command-Only Personnel Devices Regardless of Marketing Label defined as: Entities that develop, produce, or supply personnel-directed explosive devices whose verified technical configuration requires deliberate human activation and has no victim-activated mode. Marketing claims that a product is treaty-compliant or outside the treaty are not sufficient without configuration evidence.
Verified Historical Outside-Treaty-Definition Activity defined as: Entities with documented past activity involving command-detonated personnel explosive devices with no victim-activated mode, where current activity has ended or is not established. Record as INCLUDE_HISTORICAL and retain dated cessation, divestiture, or exit evidence.

Exclusion criteria

Victim-Activated Sensor Mines Covered by the Treaty Definition defined as: Entities producing devices that use pressure, tripwire, motion, infrared, acoustic, magnetic, seismic, or other sensors to detect a person and automatically detonate. These devices are assessed under Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), regardless of self-destruction, self-neutralization, self-deactivation, or remote-delivery features.
Victim-Activated Anti-Personnel Mines Covered by the Ottawa Convention defined as: Entities producing devices designed to explode from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. These devices remain within Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), regardless of sensor type, self-destruction, self-neutralization, self-deactivation, remote delivery, or the availability of an additional command mode.
Anti-Vehicle Mines and Anti-Handling Devices Without a Personnel-Activated Mode defined as: Entities producing only mines designed to detonate from the presence, proximity, or contact of a vehicle, including anti-handling devices that activate when the mine is intentionally disturbed, where no mode is designed to detonate from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person.
Permitted Retention or Transfer for Detection, Clearance, Destruction, or Deactivated Devices defined as: Entities retaining, acquiring, possessing, or transferring the minimum necessary number of anti-personnel mines solely for detection, clearance, destruction, authorized technical training, legal evidence, or fully deactivated-device purposes, with no operational or commercial role.
Mine Clearance, Neutralization, or Destruction Only defined as: Entities whose role is limited to humanitarian or authorized military detection, clearance, neutralization, removal, destruction, or disposal of mines and that do not develop, produce, acquire, store, promote, sell, transfer, distribute, or use command-only personnel devices for operational purposes.
Generic or Unintegrated Components Without a Command-Only Personnel-Device End Use defined as: Entities supplying triggers, sensors, casings, electronics, explosives, or other components without evidence that the component is specifically designed or materially modified for an operational command-detonated personnel device and integrated or intended for integration into that device.

Conventional Ammunition, Bombs and Explosive Munitionsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, assembly, filling, or sale of conventional ammunition, bombs, grenades, shells, cartridges, mortar rounds, depth charges, conventional warheads, explosive charges, military pyrotechnic munitions, fuzes, initiation systems, or other explosive munitions specifically designed or materially modified for military use.

Inclusion criteria

Military Small-Arms Ammunition and Cartridges defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, assemble, fill, or sell complete military cartridges, rounds, linked ammunition, or other ammunition intended for military small arms or light weapons.
Artillery, Tank, Naval, and Mortar Ammunition defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, assemble, fill, or sell complete artillery shells, tank rounds, naval gun ammunition, mortar rounds, projectiles, or associated propelling charges specifically designed for military use.
Bombs, Grenades, Depth Charges, and Conventional Warheads defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, assemble, fill, or sell conventional bombs, aerial bombs, grenades, depth charges, conventional warheads, explosive charges, or comparable explosive military munitions.
Fuzes, Initiation Systems, and Munition Filling defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, assemble, integrate, or sell military fuzes, primers, detonators, initiation systems, or filling services specifically for conventional ammunition or explosive munitions.
Military Ammunition and Munitions Sales and Supply defined as: Companies that sell, export, distribute, or supply identified conventional ammunition, bombs, explosive munitions, warheads, charges, fuzes, or initiation systems to armed forces or authorized military programmes.
Verified Historical Conventional Ammunition and Munitions Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, assembly, filling, sale, export, or supply of conventional ammunition or explosive munitions.

Exclusion criteria

Complete Missiles, Rockets, and Torpedoes defined as: Companies whose identified products are complete missiles, military rockets, torpedoes, or their dedicated launch systems. These activities are assessed under Missiles, Rockets, Torpedoes and Launch Systems.
Landmines, Cluster Munitions, and Other Separately Screened Controversial Weapons defined as: Companies whose identified munitions qualify as landmines, cluster munitions, chemical weapons, biological weapons, nuclear weapons, white phosphorus munitions, depleted-uranium munitions, or another separately screened controversial weapon.
Civilian Blasting Products, Fireworks, and Commercial Explosives defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to mining explosives, quarrying explosives, demolition charges, fireworks, automotive safety devices, or other civilian explosive products without a verified military-munition role.
Blank, Dummy, Inert, and Training-Only Ammunition defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to blank ammunition, dummy rounds, inert training ammunition, drill rounds, display items, or non-operational replicas that cannot function as live military munitions.
Generic Chemicals, Metals, and Materials defined as: Companies that supply only explosives precursors, chemicals, metals, casings, packaging, or raw materials without a verified munition-specific design, integration, or knowing military-munition end use.
Unverified Ammunition or Munitions References defined as: Companies named only in broad military, programme, contract, sanctions, or supplier references that do not identify the legal entity, exact munition, activity, and relevant time period.

Military Weapons Components and Subsystemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, or supply of components or subsystems specifically designed, exclusively used, significantly modified, or materially necessary for conventional military weapons, munitions, or combat platforms. This includes dedicated barrels, receivers, turrets, weapon mounts, launch mechanisms, guidance and fire-control systems, weapon-specific propulsion, mission systems, and integration assemblies that are not themselves complete weapons or complete explosive munitions.

Inclusion criteria

Specifically Designed or Exclusive-Use Weapon Components defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or supply components specifically designed or exclusively used for a qualifying conventional military weapon, combat platform, launch system, or munition.
Materially Modified Military Subsystems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or supply commercial or dual-use technology that has been significantly modified to perform a material function in a qualifying military weapon or combat platform.
Weapon Guidance, Fire-Control, and Launch Subsystems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or supply dedicated guidance, navigation, fire-control, targeting, launch-control, seeker, or weapon-management subsystems materially integrated into a qualifying conventional weapon system.
Dedicated Mechanical, Structural, Propulsion, and Mission-System Components defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or supply dedicated barrels, receivers, breech systems, turrets, weapon mounts, launch mechanisms, weapon-specific propulsion, combat mission systems, or integration assemblies materially necessary to a qualifying weapon or combat platform.
Verified Historical Military Weapons Component Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, integration, or supply of dedicated military weapon components or subsystems.

Exclusion criteria

Complete Weapons, Platforms, and Munitions defined as: Companies whose identified product is a complete weapon, combat platform, missile, rocket, torpedo, ammunition item, bomb, explosive munition, warhead, fuze, or initiation system. These products are assessed under their applicable complete-system or munitions screens.
Generic Dual-Use Components and Commercial Products defined as: Companies that supply standard electronics, semiconductors, bearings, fasteners, cables, batteries, engines, computers, sensors, software, or other commercial products without military-specific design, material modification, or documented weapon integration.
Raw Materials and Ordinary Industrial Inputs defined as: Companies that supply metals, chemicals, composites, fuels, lubricants, packaging, machine tools, or other ordinary industrial inputs without a specifically designed or materially necessary weapon-system role.
Accessories and Non-Material Add-Ons defined as: Companies that supply clothing, cases, furniture, general optics, generic mounts, ordinary accessories, or other items that are not materially necessary to the operation of a qualifying military weapon or combat platform.
Services Without a Qualifying Component Deliverable defined as: Companies whose identified involvement is limited to consulting, staffing, routine maintenance, testing, logistics, distribution, or other services without development, manufacture, integration, or supply of a qualifying component or subsystem.
Unverified Component or Programme References defined as: Companies named only in broad programmes, supplier lists, contracts, sanctions, or exclusion lists that do not identify the exact component, military function, legal entity, directness, and time period.

Military Operational, Electronic and Space Systemsaggregator

A screen that aggregates Military Cyber and Electronic Warfare Systems; Military Logistics Vehicles and Dedicated Transport Systems; Military Space Systems; and Military Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Targeting Systems.

Military Cyber and Electronic Warfare Systemsaggregator

A screen that aggregates Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Systems and Electronic Warfare Systems.

Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, operation, sale, or knowing supply of tools, platforms, exploits, malware, intrusion systems, spyware, or access capabilities specifically designed or materially modified for offensive military or intelligence cyber operations, unauthorized access, disruption, degradation, espionage, or manipulation of information systems.

Inclusion criteria

Offensive Malware and Cyberattack Tools defined as: Companies that develop, operate, or sell malware, destructive code, cyberattack frameworks, or other tools specifically designed to disrupt, degrade, manipulate, or destroy information systems or critical infrastructure in military or intelligence operations.
Exploit and Unauthorized-Access Platforms defined as: Companies that develop, operate, or sell exploit chains, intrusion platforms, remote-access systems, persistence tools, credential-compromise capabilities, or comparable technology specifically designed for unauthorized military or intelligence access.
Military or Intelligence Spyware and Intrusion Systems defined as: Companies that develop, operate, sell, or knowingly supply spyware, device-exploitation systems, communications-interception tools, or intrusion capabilities specifically configured for military or intelligence customers and unauthorized access.
Offensive Cyber Operations and Managed Capability Supply defined as: Companies that directly conduct offensive cyber operations or provide a managed offensive capability, operational access, exploit delivery, command-and-control infrastructure, or mission-specific integration to military or intelligence customers.
Verified Historical Offensive Cyber or Intrusion Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, operation, sale, deployment, or knowing supply of offensive cyber or intrusion systems.

Exclusion criteria

Defensive Cybersecurity Products and Services defined as: Companies whose identified activities are limited to protecting systems, detecting threats, responding to incidents, patching vulnerabilities, or improving cyber resilience without an offensive or unauthorized-access capability.
Legitimate Penetration Testing and Research-Only Tools defined as: Companies that provide authorized penetration testing, vulnerability assessment, academic research, proof-of-concept code, or responsible disclosure without operational offensive deployment or knowing supply for unauthorized access.
General Enterprise Administration and Lawful Monitoring Tools defined as: Companies whose products are ordinary remote administration, device management, compliance monitoring, workplace monitoring, parental control, or lawful intercept systems without a verified offensive military or intelligence intrusion function.
Generic Information Technology, Cloud, and Communications Services defined as: Companies that provide general-purpose software, cloud hosting, telecommunications, network equipment, data centres, or IT services without a military-specific offensive cyber deliverable.
Vulnerability Discovery Without Weaponized Exploit Delivery defined as: Companies that identify, purchase, disclose, or research vulnerabilities but do not develop, operationalize, deliver, sell, or knowingly supply a weaponized exploit or unauthorized-access capability.
Unverified Cyber Programme or Sanctions References defined as: Companies named only in broad cyber, intelligence, sanctions, contract, or media references that do not identify the legal entity, exact capability, offensive function, customer or operator, and relevant time period.

Electronic Warfare Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, or sale of systems specifically designed or materially modified for electronic attack, electronic protection, or electronic support in military operations, including radar or communications jamming, deception, countermeasures, electromagnetic disruption, anti-radiation support, and dedicated electronic-warfare modules.

Inclusion criteria

Electronic Attack and Jamming Systems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military systems specifically designed to jam, disrupt, suppress, deny, or degrade radar, communications, navigation, data links, or other electromagnetic functions.
Electronic Deception and Countermeasure Systems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military deception, spoofing, decoy, countermeasure, expendable-countermeasure-control, or electromagnetic signature-management systems with an electronic-warfare function.
Electronic Protection Systems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military systems specifically designed to protect friendly radars, communications, navigation, sensors, or platforms against jamming, interference, deception, or electromagnetic attack.
Electronic Support and Threat-Detection Systems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military electronic-support systems that detect, intercept, identify, locate, or characterize electromagnetic emissions for immediate electronic-warfare operations.
Dedicated Electronic-Warfare Modules, Integration, and Historical Involvement defined as: Companies that supply dedicated electronic-warfare pods, suites, modules, mission systems, integration services, or verified historical electronic-warfare products with a material military role.

Exclusion criteria

Passive Intelligence Collection Without an Electronic-Warfare Function defined as: Companies whose products collect or analyze signals for intelligence purposes but do not provide electronic attack, protection, deception, countermeasure, or immediate electronic-support functionality. These activities are assessed under Military Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Targeting Systems.
General Communications, Radar, and Navigation Equipment defined as: Companies that supply ordinary communications, radar, navigation, positioning, or sensor equipment without a specifically designed or materially modified electronic-warfare function.
Civil Spectrum Management and Interference Services defined as: Companies whose identified activities are limited to civil spectrum monitoring, regulatory interference resolution, telecommunications testing, broadcast engineering, or non-military electromagnetic compatibility.
Cyber-Only Capabilities defined as: Companies whose identified products operate solely through computer-network intrusion, malware, exploit delivery, or cyber defence without an electromagnetic-spectrum warfare function.
Generic Components Without Dedicated Electronic-Warfare Integration defined as: Companies that supply standard amplifiers, antennas, processors, radios, cables, software, or other components without a verified dedicated electronic-warfare design or material integration role.
Unverified Electronic-Warfare References defined as: Companies named only in broad military, programme, contract, sanctions, or supplier references that do not identify the exact system, electronic-warfare function, legal entity, and time period.

Military Logistics Vehicles and Dedicated Transport Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, material modification, or sale of vehicles and dedicated transport or handling systems specifically designed for military logistics, including tactical trucks, ammunition or weapon transporters, fuel tankers and refuellers, recovery vehicles, military cargo carriers, trailers, and load-handling systems.

Inclusion criteria

Tactical Military Logistics Vehicles defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, materially modify, or sell tactical trucks, protected logistics vehicles, cargo vehicles, troop or equipment transporters, and comparable vehicles specifically configured for military logistics.
Dedicated Fuel, Ammunition, and Weapon Transport Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, materially modify, or sell military fuel tankers, refuellers, ammunition transporters, weapon transporters, missile transport vehicles without a launcher role, or comparable dedicated military transport systems.
Military Recovery, Towing, and Load-Handling Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, materially modify, or sell military recovery vehicles, heavy equipment transporters, towing systems, trailers, palletized load systems, cranes, or other dedicated military handling platforms.
Military Logistics Vehicle Integration and Supply defined as: Companies that perform vehicle-level military conversion, complete-vehicle integration, sale, export, or supply for an identified military logistics or transport programme.
Verified Historical Military Logistics Vehicle Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, material modification, integration, sale, export, or supply of military logistics vehicles or dedicated transport systems.

Exclusion criteria

Ordinary Commercial Vehicles Sold to Military Customers defined as: Companies that supply standard commercial trucks, vans, buses, trailers, forklifts, or other vehicles without a military-specific design, material modification, or dedicated contract configuration.
Armoured Combat Vehicles defined as: Companies whose identified products are tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, armoured personnel carriers, MRAPs, armoured reconnaissance vehicles, or other combat-configured armoured vehicles assessed under Armoured Combat Vehicles.
Generic Logistics and Transportation Services defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to freight forwarding, trucking, warehousing, shipping, fuel delivery, personnel transport, or other logistics services without a qualifying military vehicle or dedicated transport-system product.
Fuel, Ammunition, and Weapon Production defined as: Companies that produce fuel, ammunition, missiles, weapons, or other transported goods but do not develop, manufacture, modify, or sell the dedicated military transport system.
Vehicle Components Without Complete-System Involvement defined as: Companies that supply only engines, transmissions, axles, tyres, electronics, armour kits, or other components without complete-vehicle development or material integration. Qualifying dedicated components are assessed under Military Weapons Components and Subsystems.
Unverified Military Vehicle References defined as: Companies named only in broad logistics, military vehicle, contract, sanctions, or supplier references that do not identify the exact platform, legal entity, material role, and relevant time period.

Military Space Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, operation, or sale of spacecraft, satellites, sub-orbital systems, payloads, or dedicated ground, command, control, and mission systems specifically designed or materially modified for military use.

Inclusion criteria

Military Satellites and Spacecraft defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell satellites, spacecraft, or sub-orbital systems specifically designed or materially modified for military communications, navigation, early warning, surveillance, reconnaissance, targeting, or other defence missions.
Military Space Payloads defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, integrate, or sell military-specific communications, sensor, imaging, radar, infrared, navigation, early-warning, electronic-intelligence, or space-control payloads intended for military spacecraft.
Dedicated Military Ground, Command, and Mission Systems defined as: Companies that design, integrate, operate, or sell military-specific ground stations, satellite-control systems, mission-planning systems, space-domain-awareness systems, data-processing systems, or command infrastructure materially necessary to a military space mission.
Military Space-Control and Protection Systems defined as: Companies that design, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell systems specifically intended for military space situational awareness, satellite protection, space control, counterspace support, or other defence space operations.
Verified Historical Military Space-System Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, integration, operation, sale, or supply of military spacecraft, payloads, ground systems, or space-control systems.

Exclusion criteria

Commercial and Civil Satellites Without Material Military Modification defined as: Companies whose identified products are commercial communications, broadcasting, weather, scientific, navigation, or Earth-observation satellites without a military-specific design, payload, mission, or material modification.
Generic Space-Launch Services and Civil Launch Vehicles defined as: Companies that provide general launch services or civil launch vehicles without a dedicated military-space deliverable, military-specific launch configuration, or direct military mission role.
General Ground Stations, Cloud, and Telecommunications Services defined as: Companies that provide commercial satellite ground stations, cloud hosting, data transmission, telecommunications, or network services without a military-specific mission system or material defence configuration.
Generic Space Components and Raw Materials defined as: Companies that supply standard satellite buses, solar arrays, processors, electronics, structures, fuels, or materials without a specifically designed or materially modified military-space function.
Non-Operational Academic and Research Programmes defined as: Universities, laboratories, and companies whose involvement is limited to basic research, educational spacecraft, demonstrations, or non-operational prototypes without an identified military system or mission deliverable.
Missile and Weapon Systems Without a Space-System Role defined as: Companies whose identified products are missiles, military rockets, interceptors, weapons, or launchers without a spacecraft, military-space payload, or dedicated military-space-system function.

Military Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance and Targeting Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, operation, or sale of systems, sensors, payloads, software, platforms, or services specifically designed or materially modified for military intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, target acquisition, tracking, identification, data fusion, signals intelligence, geospatial intelligence, or human-intelligence-support operations.

Inclusion criteria

Military Reconnaissance and Surveillance Systems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell military-specific airborne, ground, naval, unattended, or multi-domain reconnaissance and surveillance systems, sensors, payloads, or platforms.
Signals Intelligence Systems defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell military-specific communications intelligence, electronic intelligence, signals collection, direction-finding, interception, processing, or analysis systems used for intelligence rather than electronic attack.
Geospatial Intelligence and Military Imagery Systems defined as: Companies that develop, operate, or sell military-specific imagery intelligence, geospatial intelligence, mapping, terrain analysis, change detection, target-location, or geospatial data-fusion systems.
Target Acquisition, Tracking, Identification, and Data Fusion defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell military-specific target-acquisition, tracking, identification, battle-management sensing, sensor-fusion, or targeting-support systems that do not independently qualify as a complete weapon or dedicated weapon component.
Human-Intelligence-Support and Intelligence-Operations Systems defined as: Companies that develop, integrate, operate, or sell military or intelligence systems specifically designed to support source management, intelligence collection, operational analysis, mission planning, or human-intelligence operations.
Verified Historical Military ISR and Targeting Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, integration, operation, sale, or supply of military intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, or targeting systems.

Exclusion criteria

Electronic Attack and Jamming Systems defined as: Companies whose identified products provide electronic attack, jamming, deception, countermeasures, or other electronic-warfare functions assessed under Electronic Warfare Systems.
Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Capabilities defined as: Companies whose identified products are malware, exploit frameworks, spyware, intrusion platforms, or unauthorized-access systems assessed under Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Systems.
General Commercial Analytics, Mapping, and Earth Observation defined as: Companies that provide commercial analytics, mapping, geospatial data, Earth observation, market intelligence, or business data without a military-specific system, configuration, contract deliverable, or operational role.
Law-Enforcement and Civil Surveillance Without a Military Role defined as: Companies whose identified products are limited to police, border, municipal, workplace, retail, or other civil surveillance and intelligence applications without a verified military or defence-intelligence function.
Generic Sensors, Data, and Information Technology defined as: Companies that supply standard cameras, sensors, processors, databases, cloud services, software, or data feeds without a specifically designed, materially modified, or integrated military ISR or targeting role.
Military Space Platforms Without an ISR-System Role defined as: Companies that provide only the military spacecraft, satellite bus, launch service, or general ground system without developing, operating, or integrating the qualifying ISR payload, intelligence system, or targeting function. The platform role is assessed under Military Space Systems.

Defense Operations, Infrastructure and Servicesaggregator

A screen that aggregates Military Bases and Infrastructure; Military Training and Simulation Systems; and Defense IT, Networks and Cybersecurity Systems.

Military Bases and Infrastructureevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the design, construction, operation, maintenance, or material modernization of ground installations, naval facilities, air bases, hardened structures, military depots, or deployable infrastructure specifically intended for armed-force operations.

Inclusion criteria

Military Base and Installation Construction defined as: Companies that design, construct, expand, or materially modernize ground bases, naval bases, air bases, military headquarters, training areas, hardened installations, or other facilities specifically intended for armed-force operations.
Military Depot, Arsenal, and Storage Infrastructure defined as: Companies that design, construct, operate, or materially modernize military depots, arsenals, ammunition storage facilities, maintenance complexes, logistics hubs, or other dedicated defence infrastructure.
Military Base Operation and Integrated Facilities Management defined as: Companies that operate or provide integrated management of a military base or installation under a material contract covering core infrastructure, utilities, maintenance, logistics, or operational support.
Deployable, Hardened, and Specialized Military Infrastructure defined as: Companies that design, construct, manufacture, or integrate deployable command facilities, hardened shelters, aircraft shelters, military port infrastructure, runways, launch-support structures, or other specialized military infrastructure.
Verified Historical Military Infrastructure Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the design, construction, operation, integrated management, or material modernization of military bases or infrastructure.

Exclusion criteria

Ordinary Civil Construction and Mixed-Use Property defined as: Companies whose identified work is ordinary commercial, residential, transportation, municipal, or mixed-use construction without a military-specific design, dedicated installation, or material defence deliverable.
Ordinary Landlords and Passive Property Owners defined as: Companies that merely lease general-purpose land, offices, warehouses, or other property to a military customer without designing, constructing, operating, or materially modifying the site for military use.
Generic Utilities and Facilities Services defined as: Companies that provide routine electricity, water, waste, cleaning, catering, landscaping, pest control, or other general services at a military site without integrated base-operation responsibility or a military-specific infrastructure deliverable.
Equipment Supply Without Infrastructure Responsibility defined as: Companies that supply equipment, vehicles, weapons, IT, furniture, materials, or components to a military installation but do not design, construct, operate, or materially modernize the qualifying infrastructure.
Environmental Remediation, Demolition, and Decommissioning Only defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to environmental cleanup, unexploded-ordnance clearance, demolition, decommissioning, restoration, or site closure without current military infrastructure development or operation.
Minor or Unverified Military-Site Work defined as: Companies named only in broad site, programme, contract, or supplier references that do not identify a material military-specific infrastructure deliverable, legal entity, and relevant time period.

Military Training and Simulation Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, or sale of equipment, software, integrated systems, or dedicated technology specifically designed or materially modified for military training, mission rehearsal, weapons instruction, combat simulation, flight or naval simulation, multi-domain exercises, or operational scenario generation.

Inclusion criteria

Military Combat and Mission Simulators defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military-specific combat simulators, mission-rehearsal systems, tactical trainers, virtual battle environments, or comparable systems used to prepare armed forces for operations.
Military Flight, Vehicle, and Naval Simulators defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military-specific flight simulators, helicopter simulators, armoured-vehicle trainers, ship or submarine simulators, bridge trainers, or other platform-specific training systems.
Weapons, Gunnery, and Missile-Launch Trainers defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, or sell military-specific weapons trainers, gunnery trainers, fire-control trainers, missile-launch trainers, air-defence trainers, or other systems used to train weapon operation.
Live, Virtual, Constructive, and Multi-Domain Training Systems defined as: Companies that develop, integrate, or sell military-specific live, virtual, constructive, synthetic, immersive, range-instrumentation, after-action-review, or multi-domain exercise systems.
Verified Historical Military Training-System Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, manufacture, integration, sale, or supply of military training or simulation systems.

Exclusion criteria

Training and Instruction Services Without a Qualifying System defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to instructors, curriculum, classroom teaching, consulting, exercise staffing, or other training services without developing, manufacturing, integrating, or supplying a qualifying military system.
Civilian Simulators and Commercial Training Products defined as: Companies whose identified products are civil aviation simulators, driver training, industrial simulation, medical simulation, maritime certification, or other non-military training systems.
Commercial Gaming, Entertainment, and Generic Virtual-Reality Platforms defined as: Companies that provide video games, entertainment software, general virtual-reality hardware, graphics engines, or immersive platforms without a military-specific training configuration or material contract deliverable.
Generic Hardware, Software, and Components defined as: Companies that supply standard computers, displays, projectors, networking, headsets, controllers, motion systems, or software without a specifically designed or materially modified military training role.
Operational Weapons and Platforms Without a Training-System Role defined as: Companies that manufacture operational aircraft, ships, vehicles, weapons, or munitions but do not develop, manufacture, integrate, or supply the qualifying training or simulation system.
Maintenance and Facility Support Only defined as: Companies whose identified involvement is limited to maintaining a training facility, providing venue services, or servicing third-party simulators without a qualifying system-development, integration, or supply role.

Defense IT, Networks and Cybersecurity Systemsevaluated

Identifies companies and other entities that are involved in the development, manufacture, integration, operation, or sale of military-specific tactical networks, encrypted communications infrastructure, command-and-control network backbones, deployable data systems, defensive cybersecurity platforms, security-operations capabilities, or other information-technology systems specifically designed or materially modified to protect or enable defence operations.

Inclusion criteria

Military Tactical Networks and Data Links defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell tactical networks, battlefield data links, deployable communications, military mesh networks, or other systems specifically designed or materially modified for defence operations.
Encrypted Military Communications Infrastructure defined as: Companies that develop, manufacture, integrate, operate, or sell military-specific encrypted voice, data, radio, satellite-communications, gateway, routing, or communications-security infrastructure.
Defense Command-and-Control Network Backbones defined as: Companies that develop, integrate, operate, or sell defence-specific command-and-control networks, operational data platforms, deployable data centres, mission-cloud environments, or network backbones that enable military operations but are not nuclear-specific NC3.
Military Cybersecurity and Defensive Operations Systems defined as: Companies that develop, integrate, operate, or sell military-specific cyber-defence platforms, security-operations systems, threat-detection, network defence, identity, access-control, zero-trust, or incident-response capabilities configured for defence networks.
Material Defense IT Integration and Managed Operation defined as: Companies that provide a material, military-specific systems-integration, managed-network, mission-IT, or defensive-cyber deliverable under an identified defence programme or contract.
Verified Historical Defense IT, Network, or Cybersecurity Involvement defined as: Companies with verified former involvement in the development, integration, operation, sale, or supply of military-specific IT, network, communications, or defensive cybersecurity systems.

Exclusion criteria

General Commercial Information Technology and Cloud Services defined as: Companies that provide standard computers, enterprise software, cloud hosting, data centres, office systems, business applications, or IT services without a military-specific design, material modification, or defence deliverable.
Ordinary Telecommunications and Internet Services defined as: Companies that provide general mobile, fixed-line, internet, fibre, satellite, or telecommunications services to military customers without a dedicated military network, encrypted defence configuration, or material operational role.
Generic Cybersecurity Products and Consulting defined as: Companies that provide ordinary antivirus, firewalls, consulting, compliance, penetration testing, managed security, or incident response without a military-specific system, configuration, or defence programme deliverable.
Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Systems defined as: Companies whose identified products or services are designed for unauthorized access, exploitation, disruption, espionage, or offensive cyber operations assessed under Offensive Cyber and Intrusion Systems.
Nuclear Command, Control and Communications defined as: Companies whose identified role is specifically and materially tied to nuclear command, control, communications, launch control, fire control, or nuclear early warning. These activities are assessed under Nuclear Command, Control and Communications.
Generic Staffing, Training, and Contract Presence defined as: Companies whose involvement is limited to staffing, general training, administrative support, commodity resale, or presence on a broad defence contract without an identified military-specific IT, network, communications, or defensive-cyber deliverable.

Adult Entertainmentaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Adult Media Production, Adult Media Distribution & Streaming, Adult Entertainment Services & Venues screens.

Adult Media Productionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the development, creation, or publishing of sexually explicit content, including adult films, magazines, digital content, and online media. This includes entities that produce original pornographic material or manage content studios dedicated to adult entertainment.

Inclusion criteria

Producers of Adult Films, Videos, or Streaming Content defined as: Companies that develop and film original sexually explicit audiovisual content for online or offline distribution.
Operators of Adult Content Studios or Production Houses defined as: Entities that manage or own facilities specifically dedicated to creating pornographic or erotic media.
Publishers of Sexually Explicit Magazines or Digital Publications defined as: Firms that create adult magazines, photography, or written content in print or digital formats.
Creators of Explicit Web Content and Original Digital Pornographic Material defined as: Companies or subsidiaries responsible for scripting, filming, editing, or launching explicit content for web-based consumption.
Companies Commissioning or Financing Adult Entertainment Production defined as: Entities that fund or contract the creation of adult content, including co-productions or content partnerships.
Organizations Owning Brands or Franchises Associated with Pornographic Production defined as: Parent companies or holding entities that own well-known pornographic media properties or networks of content creators.

Exclusion criteria

Distributors or Retailers of Adult Content Only defined as: Companies that sell or stream content created by third parties without producing it themselves.
Operators of Adult Venues or Services Without Media Creation defined as: Firms involved in physical adult entertainment (e.g., strip clubs, escort services) without content production.
Platforms Hosting User-Generated Content Without Editorial Control defined as: Tech firms or platforms hosting third-party adult material but not producing or publishing original content themselves.
Producers of General Entertainment Content with Occasional Adult Themes defined as: Companies producing mainstream film, television, or publishing content not intended to be categorized as pornographic or explicit media.
Legacy Providers with Verified Exit from Adult Media Production defined as: Entities that previously produced explicit content but have formally ceased production and exited the sector.

Adult Media Distribution & Streamingevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the distribution, licensing, streaming, or monetization of adult content produced by third parties. This includes operators of adult video platforms, online aggregators, cable channels, or subscription-based services that host or broadcast sexually explicit material not originally produced by the company.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Adult Content Streaming Platforms or Websites defined as: Companies that provide online access to sexually explicit videos or imagery, including subscription, ad-based, or pay-per-view services.
Distributors of Pornographic DVDs, Magazines, or Digital Downloads defined as: Entities responsible for distributing physical or digital adult media to retail, wholesale, or online marketplaces.
Adult Video-on-Demand (VOD) or Pay-TV Providers defined as: Firms offering adult content as part of VOD libraries, premium cable, or encrypted satellite services.
License Holders and Resellers of Adult Content Libraries defined as: Companies involved in licensing or sublicensing sexually explicit media to third-party platforms or channels.
Digital Platforms Monetizing Adult Creator Content defined as: Organizations hosting paid adult content from creators, including fan subscription services or adult-focused video platforms.
Entities Managing Affiliate Networks for Adult Content Distribution defined as: Firms that run online affiliate programs or traffic channels monetizing adult content across partner sites.

Exclusion criteria

Producers of Adult Content Only defined as: Companies that create explicit media for sale or licensing but do not operate distribution or streaming platforms.
Operators of Adult Entertainment Venues defined as: Strip clubs, brothels, or escort services not involved in content hosting, sale, or online distribution.
Mainstream Platforms with Incidental Adult Content defined as: Streaming or hosting services (e.g., social media, general video platforms) not marketed as adult content providers.
Retailers or Stores with Incidental Adult Inventory defined as: Companies offering adult DVDs or magazines as a minor part of broader retail operations.
Legacy Providers That Have Ceased Adult Content Distribution defined as: Entities that previously engaged in adult media distribution but have formally exited the sector.

Adult Entertainment Services & Venuesevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the operation of adult-themed services or physical venues, including strip clubs, escort agencies, adult theaters, and other establishments offering sexually explicit entertainment or services in-person.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Strip Clubs or Exotic Dance Venues defined as: Companies that own, manage, or franchise clubs featuring adult dancers or erotic performances.
Firms Running Escort or Adult Companionship Services defined as: Entities that offer or broker adult-themed personal services for hire, including legal escort agencies and high-end companionship networks.
Owners of Adult Theaters or Peep Show Establishments defined as: Businesses operating venues for public or private viewing of sexually explicit performances or films.
Franchise Systems or Event Organizers for Adult Services defined as: Organizations that organize or license adult-themed in-person shows, tours, or events.
Firms Listed in Registries or Licensing Databases for Adult Service Providers defined as: Entities identified in public records or local licensing systems as commercial adult entertainment operators.

Exclusion criteria

Adult Content Producers or Distributors Only defined as: Companies involved in creating or streaming adult media without operating physical venues or live service businesses.
Nightclubs or Bars Without Explicit Adult Services defined as: Entertainment venues that do not feature sexually explicit performances or offer adult-themed services.
Hospitality or Event Firms Without Core Adult Focus defined as: Companies offering general leisure or nightlife services not explicitly centered around adult entertainment.
Escort Matching Platforms Without Physical Operations defined as: Websites that passively host profiles or personal ads without direct involvement in adult service delivery.
Historic Venue Operators That Have Ceased Operations defined as: Entities that previously ran adult-themed venues but have publicly exited and no longer operate in the sector.

Alcoholaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Alcoholic Beverage Production, Alcohol Distribution & Wholesale, Alcohol Retail & Hospitality screens.

Alcoholic Beverage Productionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the manufacturing, brewing, or distillation of alcoholic beverages, including beer, wine, spirits, liqueurs, and ready-to-drink alcoholic products. This includes companies that produce alcoholic products under their own brands or through contract manufacturing.

Inclusion criteria

Breweries, Distilleries, and Wineries defined as: Companies that produce beer, wine, cider, spirits, or other alcoholic beverages at scale for retail, wholesale, or export.
Producers of Ready-to-Drink Alcoholic Beverages defined as: Firms that manufacture mixed or flavored alcohol-based drinks such as hard seltzers, pre-mixed cocktails, or alcopops.
Contract Manufacturers of Alcoholic Products defined as: Entities that manufacture alcoholic beverages on behalf of brand owners or retailers through private label agreements.
Companies Owning and Producing Multiple Alcoholic Brands defined as: Parent organizations or beverage conglomerates that operate a portfolio of alcoholic beverage brands across categories.
Producers of Ethanol or Alcohol for Beverage Use defined as: Firms that produce beverage-grade alcohol intended for consumption in beer, wine, spirits, or other formulations.
Entities Identified as Licensed Alcohol Producers in Public or Regulatory Filings defined as: Companies with government-issued alcohol production licenses or industry certifications for alcoholic beverage manufacturing.

Exclusion criteria

Distributors or Retailers of Alcoholic Beverages Only defined as: Companies involved in the wholesale, logistics, or sale of alcohol without manufacturing involvement.
Hospitality Firms That Sell But Do Not Produce Alcohol defined as: Bars, restaurants, hotels, or entertainment venues that serve alcohol but are not involved in production.
Manufacturers of Non-Alcoholic or Alcohol-Free Alternatives defined as: Companies that produce non-alcoholic beers, wines, or mocktails without alcoholic content.
Suppliers of Raw Ingredients or Packaging defined as: Firms producing hops, grapes, sugar, bottles, or cans not engaged in alcoholic beverage manufacturing.
Producers of Industrial or Non-Beverage Alcohol defined as: Entities manufacturing alcohol for fuel, medical, or cleaning applications not intended for consumption.
Legacy Beverage Manufacturers with Verified Exit defined as: Companies that previously produced alcoholic beverages but have formally exited the category.

Alcohol Distribution & Wholesaleevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the wholesale distribution, logistics, or licensed supply of alcoholic beverages to retailers, hospitality providers, or other end sellers. This includes companies that serve as intermediaries between producers and points of sale but do not produce alcoholic beverages themselves.

Inclusion criteria

Licensed Alcohol Wholesalers and Distributors defined as: Companies that purchase alcoholic beverages from producers and supply them to retailers, bars, or restaurants.
Importers or Exporters of Alcoholic Beverages defined as: Entities involved in the cross-border shipment and sale of alcohol, including global and regional alcohol trading companies.
Third-Party Logistics Providers Handling Alcohol for Distribution defined as: Firms offering warehousing, fulfillment, or delivery services specifically for alcoholic beverage products.
Regional or National Distribution Networks for Alcohol Brands defined as: Companies that operate as the exclusive or primary distributor for specific alcoholic product lines.
Alcohol Brokerage or B2B Platform Operators defined as: Businesses that facilitate bulk alcohol transactions between producers and licensed sellers via physical or digital platforms.

Exclusion criteria

Alcohol Producers or Bottlers defined as: Companies that manufacture or bottle alcoholic beverages.
Retailers or On-Premise Sellers of Alcohol defined as: Businesses that sell directly to consumers (e.g., grocery stores, liquor stores, bars) without wholesale operations.
Logistics or Freight Companies Without Alcohol Specialization defined as: Transportation providers not licensed or dedicated to the handling and distribution of alcoholic products.
Platforms Focused on Consumer Alcohol Delivery Only defined as: Apps or e-commerce companies facilitating end-user sales without wholesale or B2B distribution roles.
Ingredient Suppliers or Equipment Manufacturers defined as: Firms providing packaging, refrigeration, or fermentation materials without involvement in alcohol logistics or supply.
Former Alcohol Distributors With Verified Exit defined as: Companies that previously distributed alcohol but have formally exited and no longer engage in this business area

Alcohol Retail & Hospitalityevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the retail sale or consumer-facing service of alcoholic beverages. This includes operators of liquor stores, supermarkets with significant alcohol sales, bars, restaurants, hotels, and e-commerce platforms that sell alcoholic products directly to consumers.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Liquor Stores and Alcohol-Focused Retailers defined as: Companies that operate physical retail stores dedicated primarily to the sale of alcoholic beverages, including liquor store chains, wine merchants, and specialty alcohol shops.
Supermarkets and Grocery Chains with Dedicated Alcohol Departments defined as: Retailers with established alcohol departments that regularly stock a wide selection of beer, wine, or spirits and hold active alcohol sales licenses.
Bar, Pub, and Restaurant Chains Offering Alcohol On-Premise defined as: Chains that offer alcohol as a central part of the customer experience, including full-service restaurants, bars, pubs, and breweries with on-site service.
Hotel Operators with Alcohol Service Venues defined as: Hotels that operate on-site bars, lounges, or restaurants where alcoholic beverages are regularly offered to guests, either directly or via managed partners.
E-Commerce Platforms Selling Alcohol Directly to Consumers defined as: Online platforms that actively market, list, and sell alcoholic beverages for home delivery or in-store pickup, including alcohol-only services or general retailers with dedicated alcohol offerings.

Exclusion criteria

Alcohol Producers or Distributors Only defined as: Companies that manufacture or distribute alcoholic beverages without retail or direct-to-consumer activity.
Retailers or Restaurants Without Alcohol Sales defined as: Entities focused solely on non-alcoholic goods or services not offering alcoholic beverages.
Hospitality Providers with Incidental or Minimal Alcohol Sales defined as: Hotels or venues where alcohol sales are immaterial or not a focus of the business model.
Online Marketplaces Not Directly Involved in Alcohol Fulfillment defined as: E-commerce platforms that host alcohol vendors but do not handle logistics or retail transactions themselves.
Retail Groups That Have Ceased Alcohol Sales defined as: Companies that previously sold alcoholic beverages but have formally exited the category.

Tobaccoaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Tobacco and Nicotine Product Manufacturing, Tobacco and Nicotine Product Distribution & Wholesale, and Tobacco and Nicotine Product Retail & Consumer Sale screens.

Tobacco and Nicotine Product Manufacturingevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the manufacturing of tobacco and nicotine products, including cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, snuff, heated tobacco products (HTPs), e-cigarettes, vaping liquids, and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS).

Inclusion criteria

Manufacturing of Traditional Tobacco Products defined as: Involvement in the production of cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, or snuff.
Production of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs) defined as: Manufacturing of tobacco products intended for heating, including heat sticks and other non-combustible formats.
Manufacturing of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) defined as: Production of e-cigarettes, vape pens, pod-based devices, or related electronic nicotine delivery hardware.
Formulation and Production of Nicotine-Containing E-Liquids defined as: Manufacturing of vaping liquids, cartridges, or pods that contain nicotine, regardless of flavor.
Contract Manufacturing of Tobacco or Nicotine Products defined as: Provision of outsourced or white-label production services for any nicotine- or tobacco-containing end product.

Exclusion criteria

Wholesale or Retail Sale of Tobacco or Nicotine Products defined as: Entities that sell or distribute products without being involved in their production.
Manufacturing of Smoking Cessation Products defined as: Production of nicotine gums, patches, or sprays intended solely for medical or cessation purposes.
Production of Non-Nicotine or Cannabis-Based Vaporizers defined as: Manufacturing of inhalation devices or e-liquids that do not contain nicotine and are not marketed as tobacco alternatives.
Supply of Raw Materials or Components defined as: Companies that produce ingredients, filters, packaging, or flavoring additives but do not manufacture finished nicotine or tobacco products.
Former Manufacturers That No Longer Produce defined as: Entities that previously manufactured tobacco or nicotine products but have fully exited production.

Tobacco and Nicotine Product Distribution & Wholesaleevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the distribution, import/export, or wholesale logistics of tobacco and nicotine products. This includes traditional tobacco products and modern nicotine devices such as vapes or e-cigarettes.

Inclusion criteria

Wholesale Distributors of Tobacco or Nicotine Products defined as: Involvement in the bulk distribution or supply of cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, e-cigarettes, or vaping products to retailers or other resellers.
Importers or Exporters of Tobacco and Nicotine Products defined as: Entities engaged in the international trade of tobacco or nicotine-containing products, including customs-cleared shipments.
Tobacco and Nicotine Logistics or Fulfillment Providers defined as: Companies that store, handle, or transport tobacco or nicotine products on behalf of producers or wholesalers.
Third-Party Distributors of Vape and E-Cigarette Products defined as: Distributors handling a portfolio of e-cigarettes, vape hardware, or nicotine liquids for retail channels.
B2B Platforms or Brokers of Tobacco or Nicotine Goods defined as: Intermediaries that connect suppliers and resellers of tobacco/nicotine products for commercial resale, including digital wholesale marketplaces.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Tobacco or Nicotine Products defined as: Entities engaged in the production or formulation of tobacco or nicotine products.
Retailers or Direct-to-Consumer Sellers defined as: Companies that sell tobacco or nicotine products directly to end users through physical stores or e-commerce.
Producers of Smoking Cessation or Pharmaceutical Nicotine Products defined as: Distribution of medical or cessation-oriented nicotine products (e.g., patches, gums) is excluded.
Firms Handling General Logistics Without Tobacco/Nicotine Focus defined as: Freight or logistics companies not licensed or documented as handling tobacco/nicotine goods.
Distributors of Cannabis or Non-Nicotine Vape Products defined as: Companies that distribute cannabis, CBD, or herbal vape devices without tobacco or nicotine content.
Former Distributors That Have Ceased All Tobacco/Nicotine Activity defined as: Entities that previously distributed tobacco or nicotine products but have verifiably exited the business.

Tobacco and Nicotine Product Retail & Consumer Saleevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the retail sale of tobacco and nicotine products to consumers. This includes operators of tobacco shops, convenience stores, supermarkets, e-commerce platforms, and other businesses that sell cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, vaping products, or e-cigarettes directly to the public.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Tobacco or Vape Shops defined as: Retailers whose primary business is the sale of tobacco, nicotine products, e-cigarettes, or related accessories.
Convenience Stores and Gas Stations That Sell Tobacco or Nicotine Products defined as: Stores that routinely offer cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, or vaping products for over-the-counter sale.
Supermarkets and Grocery Chains That Stock Tobacco Products defined as: General retailers that regularly offer tobacco or nicotine products as part of their checkout or store inventory.
E-Commerce Platforms Selling Tobacco or Nicotine Products to Consumers defined as: Online stores or delivery apps that fulfill tobacco, vape, or nicotine product orders directly to consumers in jurisdictions where permitted.
Retailers of Multi-Category Goods With Documented Tobacco/Nicotine Sales defined as: Pharmacies, general stores, or specialty retailers that offer nicotine or tobacco products alongside other goods.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers or Distributors of Tobacco/Nicotine Products defined as: Entities involved only in the production or wholesale distribution of tobacco or nicotine products are excluded.
Retailers Without Tobacco or Nicotine Product Offerings defined as: Stores or platforms that do not stock or sell tobacco, vape, or nicotine products.
Retailers That Sell Only Smoking Cessation or Non-Nicotine Alternatives defined as: Businesses focused on nicotine-free or therapeutic products such as patches, gums, or herbal vapes.
Online Platforms That Host Listings but Do Not Sell or Fulfill Orders defined as: Marketplaces or directories that advertise tobacco products but do not process or fulfill the transactions directly.
Retailers That Have Ceased Tobacco/Nicotine Sales defined as: Companies that have publicly discontinued the sale of tobacco and nicotine products across their operations.

Nuclear Poweraggregator

A screen that aggregates the Nuclear Power Generation, Nuclear Fuel Production & Supply, Nuclear Power Plant Development & Engineering, and Nuclear Support Services & Technology screens.

Nuclear Power Generationevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the active operation of nuclear power plants for the purpose of generating electricity. This includes companies that currently own, manage, or operate civilian nuclear reactors that are in commercial service. Companies whose nuclear power plants are fully decommissioned or are in the official process of decommissioning are excluded from this screen.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Commercial Nuclear Power Plants defined as: Companies that currently operate nuclear reactors for electricity generation and sell electricity to the grid or end users.
Owners of Nuclear Generation Assets in Active Service defined as: Entities that own nuclear power facilities with at least one reactor in active commercial operation.
Nuclear Utilities With Civilian Reactor Operations defined as: Power utilities or generation companies that use nuclear reactors as part of their energy mix to supply electricity.
Companies Managing Nuclear Plants Under Government or Public-Private Agreements defined as: Entities contracted or licensed to operate nuclear power plants on behalf of governments or joint ventures.
Firms Reporting Nuclear Power Generation in Operational Disclosures defined as: Companies with reported nuclear electricity output in financial statements, annual reports, or regulatory filings.

Exclusion criteria

Companies With Only Decommissioned Nuclear Plants defined as: Firms that previously operated nuclear plants but whose reactors are being decommissioned, are fully decommissioned or are permanently shut down.
Entities Managing Nuclear Decommissioning Only defined as: Companies involved in nuclear site cleanup, fuel removal, or facility dismantling but not operating live reactors.
Nuclear Engineering or Construction Firms Without Plant Operation defined as: Businesses that design or build nuclear plants but do not operate them for power generation.
Suppliers of Fuel, Components, or Services to the Nuclear Sector defined as: Entities involved in uranium enrichment, reactor parts, or consulting services not responsible for generation.
Nuclear Research or Medical Isotope Facilities defined as: Operators of reactors or facilities for non-electricity purposes, such as research or radioisotope production.
Companies with Planned or Proposed Nuclear Plants Only defined as: Entities that have announced future nuclear projects but do not yet operate active commercial reactors.

Nuclear Fuel Production & Supplyevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the mining, processing, enrichment, or fabrication of nuclear fuels used in civilian nuclear power generation. This includes uranium (natural, enriched, and fabricated), mixed oxide (MOX) fuel containing plutonium, and other nuclear materials such as thorium, when used in commercial reactor applications. Companies involved solely in weapons-grade enrichment are excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Uranium Mining and Milling Companies defined as: Entities engaged in the extraction and initial processing of uranium ore for use in the civilian nuclear energy sector.
Companies Enriching Uranium for Civilian Reactor Use defined as: Firms that operate uranium enrichment facilities producing fuel-grade (low-enriched) uranium for nuclear power plants.
Nuclear Fuel Fabrication Companies defined as: Companies that convert enriched uranium or other nuclear materials into finished fuel assemblies used in commercial reactors.
Producers and Processors of Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel defined as: Firms involved in producing MOX fuel containing plutonium, provided it is used for electricity generation in civilian nuclear reactors.
Suppliers of Thorium-Based Nuclear Fuels for Commercial Use defined as: Companies producing thorium fuel or related materials for use in civil nuclear power applications.
Integrated Nuclear Fuel Suppliers defined as: Entities managing multiple stages of the civilian nuclear fuel cycle, including mining, enrichment, and fabrication.

Exclusion criteria

Entities Involved Solely in Weapons-Grade Enrichment defined as: Companies focused on highly enriched uranium (HEU) or other fissile materials intended exclusively for military or defense programs.
Nuclear Fuel Transport or Logistics Companies Only defined as: Firms that move nuclear fuel but do not engage in its production, enrichment, or fabrication.
Nuclear Waste Processing or Storage Companies defined as: Companies involved in spent fuel management, reprocessing, or disposal, not in initial fuel production.
General Mining Companies Without Documented Uranium Activities defined as: Mining companies not actively extracting or processing uranium or thorium.
Academic or Research Institutions Producing Fuel for Research Reactors defined as: Entities that fabricate nuclear fuel for experimental or academic purposes not for commercial energy generation.
Former Nuclear Fuel Producers with Verified Exit defined as: Companies that previously participated in the nuclear fuel cycle but have formally ended such activities.

Nuclear Power Plant Development & Engineeringevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the design, construction, or engineering of nuclear power plants or reactors for civilian energy use. This includes firms providing engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) services specific to nuclear energy infrastructure.

Inclusion criteria

Engineering Firms Designing Nuclear Reactors or Power Plants defined as: Companies that design civilian nuclear power plants or reactor systems for electricity generation.
Construction and EPC Contractors for Nuclear Energy Projects defined as: Firms that provide engineering, procurement, and construction services for the development of nuclear power infrastructure.
Companies Developing Reactor Technologies for Commercial Use defined as: Entities involved in the research, development, and commercial rollout of advanced or conventional civilian reactor designs.
Technology Suppliers for Reactor Core Systems defined as: Firms that provide core systems, instrumentation, or digital controls essential to reactor design and construction.
Nuclear Project Developers or Consortia Participants defined as: Companies involved in partnerships, consortia, or joint ventures responsible for planning or delivering new nuclear power stations.
Entities Identified in Regulatory or Project Filings as Nuclear Plant Builders defined as: Companies named in government approvals, utility filings, or international project documents as designers or builders of nuclear plants.

Exclusion criteria

Operators of Nuclear Power Plants Without Involvement in New Builds defined as: Companies solely managing existing power plants without any role in design or construction of new ones.
General Engineering or Construction Firms Without Nuclear-Specific Activity defined as: Entities active in infrastructure or industrial construction that do not work on nuclear-related projects.
Suppliers of Standard Components Not Specific to Nuclear defined as: Manufacturers of non-specialized valves, concrete, or steel components not designed for nuclear plant systems.
Firms Involved Only in Decommissioning or Plant Closure defined as: Companies focused solely on dismantling or retiring nuclear infrastructure.
Technology Developers for Research or Military Reactors defined as: Entities designing non-civilian reactors or reactors for experimental purposes not used for power generation.
Prospective or Announced Developers Without Active Projects defined as: Companies that have announced interest in nuclear plant construction but are not actively engaged in any verified project.

Nuclear Support Services & Technologyevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in providing products, technology, or services that support the operation, maintenance, decommissioning, or waste management of civilian nuclear power infrastructure. This includes providers of nuclear-specific control systems, cooling solutions, and radioactive waste storage.

Inclusion criteria

Providers of Nuclear Reactor Instrumentation and Control Systems defined as: Companies that develop, supply, or maintain digital or analog systems specific to reactor operations.
Manufacturers of Cooling Systems for Nuclear Applications defined as: Entities producing cooling technologies designed for use in nuclear power plant cores, containment structures, or spent fuel pools.
Firms Providing Nuclear Decommissioning Services defined as: Companies offering technical dismantling, decontamination, or site remediation of civilian nuclear power facilities.
Providers of Radioactive Waste Storage or Containment Solutions defined as: Entities responsible for the design, construction, or operation of nuclear waste storage facilities, including dry cask or spent fuel pool systems.
Maintenance and Safety Inspection Providers for Nuclear Infrastructure defined as: Firms offering nuclear-qualified maintenance, testing, and safety inspection services for power plant components or systems.
Engineering or Consulting Firms Specialized in Nuclear Support defined as: Entities providing technical expertise or operational services tailored to the needs of active or former nuclear energy assets.

Exclusion criteria

Companies Operating or Building Nuclear Power Plants defined as: Entities that own or construct nuclear reactors.
General Engineering or Maintenance Firms Without Nuclear Focus defined as: Firms that provide industrial services but are not specialized in nuclear energy systems or regulatory standards.
Manufacturers of Standard Components Without Nuclear Applications defined as: Suppliers of non-nuclear-specific pumps, valves, or software not certified or designed for nuclear infrastructure.
Medical or Research Waste Handlers defined as: Companies that manage radioactive waste unrelated to civilian nuclear power generation (e.g., medical or academic sources).
Suppliers of Generic IT or Control Software defined as: Developers of standard industrial control platforms not tailored or licensed for use in nuclear reactor environments.
Firms Only Engaged in Fuel Supply or Enrichment defined as: Companies that produce or process nuclear fuel.

Palm Oilaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Palm Oil Cultivation & Plantation Ownership, Palm Oil Processing & Refining, and Palm Oil Distribution & Retail Use screens.

Palm Oil Cultivation & Plantation Ownershipevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the ownership or direct operation of palm oil plantations, including the cultivation and harvesting of oil palm fruit. This includes companies engaged in growing oil palm for commercial use and managing plantation assets that supply fresh fruit bunches for processing.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Commercial Oil Palm Plantations defined as: Companies that manage land and agricultural activities to grow and harvest oil palm fruit for palm oil production.
Owners of Land Used for Oil Palm Cultivation defined as: Entities holding title or long-term lease rights over land actively planted with oil palm for commercial purposes.
Agribusinesses with Integrated Plantation Management defined as: Firms that oversee all stages of plantation operation, including planting, fertilization, labor, and harvesting of fresh fruit bunches.
Companies with Reported Oil Palm Cultivation Activity defined as: Entities that disclose plantation size, production volumes, or land use devoted to oil palm cultivation.
Joint Ventures or Partnerships Actively Managing Oil Palm Plantations defined as: Companies involved in the operation of oil palm plantations through documented partnerships or investment structures.

Exclusion criteria

Companies That Only Process or Refine Palm Oil defined as: Firms that purchase and process fresh fruit bunches into crude or refined palm oil without managing plantations.
Traders, Distributors, or Buyers of Palm Oil defined as: Entities involved in the downstream sale, export, or wholesale of palm oil products without cultivation involvement.
Firms Producing Other Oil Crops Without Oil Palm Cultivation defined as: Agricultural companies focused solely on soybean, sunflower, or other oilseed production.
Forestry or Agricultural Landholders Not Cultivating Oil Palm defined as: Landowners or developers that do not actively use their land for oil palm agriculture.
Entities with Only Historical Plantation Operations defined as: Companies that previously operated palm oil plantations but have formally exited or ceased cultivation activities.

Palm Oil Processing & Refiningevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the milling, extraction, refining, or industrial processing of palm oil or palm kernel oil. This includes firms that convert raw palm fruit into crude palm oil (CPO), refine it for consumer or industrial applications, or manufacture intermediate palm-based derivatives.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Palm Oil Mills defined as: Companies that extract crude palm oil (CPO) or palm kernel oil (PKO) from harvested fruit bunches.
Refiners of Crude Palm Oil for Consumer or Industrial Use defined as: Entities that refine CPO into edible oils, industrial oils, or inputs for food, cosmetics, or biofuel sectors.
Manufacturers of Palm-Based Derivatives defined as: Companies that produce oleochemicals, surfactants, esters, or glycerin derived from palm oil or palm kernel oil.
Integrated Processors in the Palm Oil Supply Chain defined as: Firms that manage both milling and refining operations within a vertically integrated palm oil business.
Exporters of Processed Palm Oil Products defined as: Companies that handle the processing of palm oil prior to its export in refined or intermediate forms.

Exclusion criteria

Companies Involved Only in Palm Oil Cultivation defined as: Plantation operators or landowners that grow oil palm but do not engage in milling or refining.
Traders or Brokers Without Processing Activity defined as: Entities that sell or market palm oil but do not handle physical transformation or processing.
Retailers or End Users of Palm Oil defined as: Companies that use or sell palm oil-based products (e.g., food manufacturers, personal care brands) without upstream processing involvement.
Processors of Non-Palm Oil Vegetable Oils defined as: Firms focused on soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, or other oilseeds without palm oil activities.
Historical Processors That No Longer Handle Palm Oil defined as: Companies that previously refined or milled palm oil but have formally exited these operations.

Palm Oil Distribution & Retail Useevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the distribution, sale, or incorporation of palm oil in finished consumer products. This includes food producers, personal care manufacturers, and retailers that use or sell products containing palm oil or its derivatives.

Inclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Packaged Food Products Containing Palm Oil defined as: Companies that use palm oil or palm-based ingredients in processed foods such as baked goods, snacks, spreads, or frozen meals.
Personal Care and Cosmetic Product Manufacturers Using Palm Derivatives defined as: Firms incorporating palm oil–based ingredients such as stearates, palmitates, or glycerin into soaps, shampoos, lotions, and cosmetics.
Household and Industrial Product Manufacturers Using Palm Oil defined as: Companies producing detergents, cleaners, candles, or lubricants that include palm-derived substances.
Retailers Offering Palm Oil–Containing Products for Sale defined as: Supermarkets, convenience stores, and online platforms that sell branded or private-label goods containing palm oil.
Private Label Brands That Formulate with Palm Oil defined as: Companies that develop and sell in-house consumer goods using palm oil or derivatives as ingredients.

Exclusion criteria

Palm Oil Producers, Millers, or Refiners Only defined as: Entities involved in palm cultivation, processing, or refining but not in final consumer product sales or use.
Distributors or Wholesalers Without Retail or Product Formulation defined as: Companies that trade palm oil in bulk but do not develop or sell consumer-facing products.
Retailers That Do Not Sell Products Containing Palm Oil defined as: Companies that operate in sectors unrelated to food, personal care, or household goods, or whose product ranges are verified palm oil–free.
Manufacturers Using Only Palm Oil–Free Formulations defined as: Firms that publicly state or certify that their products are free of palm oil and its derivatives.
Ingredient Suppliers Without Consumer Product Output defined as: Companies that supply palm oil–based ingredients but do not incorporate them into finished products.

Whale Meataggregator

A screen that aggregates the Whale Hunting & Processing and Whale Meat Distribution & Export screens.

Whale Hunting & Processingevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the commercial hunting, capture, or processing of whales for the purpose of producing meat or other whale-derived food products. This includes companies licensed to engage in whaling and those that operate processing facilities for commercial distribution, excluding non-commercial, subsistence, or research-based activities.

Inclusion criteria

Companies Licensed for Commercial Whaling defined as: Entities that hold government-issued permits or quotas allowing the hunting of whales for commercial meat production.
Operators of Whaling Vessels or Fleets defined as: Companies that manage or deploy vessels used in the capture and killing of whales for food markets.
Whale Meat Processors defined as: Firms that butcher, prepare, freeze, or package whale meat or organs for commercial sale or export.
Commercial Facilities That Render or Refine Whale-Derived Products defined as: Entities that process whale fat, blubber, or other parts.
Companies Identified in Trade, Customs, or Regulatory Filings as Whalers or Whale Meat Handlers defined as: Businesses documented in import/export or regulatory databases as participants in commercial whale processing or sale.

Exclusion criteria

Entities Engaged Only in Non-Commercial or Subsistence Whaling defined as: Indigenous or small-scale hunting operations conducted for cultural or local consumption without commercial sale.
Research Institutions Conducting Whaling for Scientific Purposes defined as: Governmental or academic entities hunting whales under permitted research exemptions.
Companies That Only Sell or Prepare Whale Meat for Retail defined as: Retailers or food service providers (e.g., restaurants) that sell whale meat but are not involved in hunting or processing.
Marine Product Processors Not Handling Whale-Derived Inputs defined as: Companies processing seafood or marine animals other than whales.
Organizations Focused Solely on Whale Conservation or Anti-Whaling defined as: NGOs, advocacy groups, or marine researchers with no involvement in the whaling supply chain.
Former Whalers That Have Ceased All Commercial Whaling Activity defined as: Companies with documented history in whaling that have formally exited and no longer participate in hunting or processing.

Whale Meat Distribution & Exportevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the commercial distribution, trade, or export of whale meat or whale-derived food products. This includes intermediaries and logistics providers that handle the wholesale movement of whale meat intended for sale or commercial use, excluding entities engaged solely in non-commercial or subsistence-level activity.

Inclusion criteria

Exporters of Whale Meat or Whale-Derived Food Products defined as: Companies that ship whale meat or processed whale products to international buyers under commercial trade arrangements.
Importers of Whale Meat for Wholesale or Commercial Sale defined as: Entities that bring whale meat into domestic markets for food processing, resale, or distribution to retail or food service.
Wholesale Distributors of Whale Meat Products defined as: Firms that handle bulk quantities of whale meat and distribute them to commercial buyers such as processors, restaurants, or retailers.
Cold Chain and Freight Providers Handling Whale Meat defined as: Logistics firms or cold storage providers that manage the transportation of whale-derived food products in commercial volumes.
Companies Identified in Shipping, Customs, or Trade Filings defined as: Entities named in official import/export databases, permits, or customs documents as distributors or exporters of whale meat.

Exclusion criteria

Retailers or Restaurants Selling Whale Meat Without Distribution Role defined as: Businesses that serve or sell whale meat only at the consumer level and are not involved in wholesale or export.
Entities Involved Solely in Hunting or Processing defined as: Companies that engage in the capture or initial processing of whales but not in the distribution or export of whale products.
Non-Commercial or Subsistence Whaling Participants defined as: Indigenous or small-scale entities whose whale meat use does not involve commercial sale or export.
General Freight or Logistics Companies Without Whale Meat Activity defined as: Transportation firms that do not manage shipments of whale meat or are not documented as handling such products.
Former Exporters No Longer Involved in Whale Meat Trade defined as: Companies that have ceased the commercial distribution or export of whale-derived food products.

Animal Welfareaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Animal Testing for Non-Medical Products, Animal Testing for Mandatory Requirements, Animal Testing for Medical Products, Factory Farming & Intensive Animal Confinement, Fur & Exotic Animal Product Production, and Animal Entertainment & Commercial Exploitation screens.

Animal Testing for Non-Medical Productsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in testing consumer products such as cosmetics, personal care items, and household goods on animals, where such testing is not legally required by the jurisdiction of sale.

Inclusion criteria

Companies Conducting Animal Testing for Cosmetics or Personal Care Products defined as: Firms that test final formulations or individual ingredients on animals for products such as makeup, skin care, or hygiene items.
Household Product Manufacturers Using Animal Testing Methods defined as: Entities testing cleaning agents, detergents, or other non-medical household items on animals, where not legally required.
Companies Commissioning or Outsourcing Animal Tests for Non-Medical Products defined as: Businesses that engage third parties to perform animal testing on consumer goods not subject to legal testing mandates.
Firms Operating in Jurisdictions Where Alternative Testing is Permitted defined as: Companies that choose animal testing over validated alternatives in markets where non-animal methods are accepted or preferred.
Entities Identified in Disclosures or Investigations as Performing Non-Mandated Testing defined as: Companies named in official reports, NGO investigations, or self-disclosures for conducting discretionary animal testing.

Exclusion criteria

Companies Performing Animal Testing Only Where Legally Required defined as: Firms that restrict animal testing to jurisdictions (e.g., China) where it is explicitly mandated by law for consumer products.
Animal Testing Conducted for Medical or Pharmaceutical Products defined as: Testing related to drug development, vaccines, or medical devices is screened separately under medical testing criteria.
Use of In Vitro, Human-Based, or Other Non-Animal Testing Methods defined as: Companies that use non-animal testing exclusively for safety or efficacy assessments.
Retailers or Distributors Without Control Over Product Testing defined as: Businesses that sell branded products from other companies but do not influence or conduct product safety testing.
Firms with Documented No-Testing Policies Across Product Lines defined as: Companies with credible, verified commitments to not test on animals and to use only certified cruelty-free suppliers.

Animal Testing for Mandatory Requirementsevaluated

Identifies companies that conduct animal testing solely to meet regulatory or legal requirements in jurisdictions where non-animal alternatives are not accepted. This includes consumer goods companies that test on animals for compliance in markets.

Inclusion criteria

Companies Conducting Animal Testing to Satisfy Regulatory Approval Requirements defined as: Firms that perform or commission animal testing exclusively to comply with laws or regulatory frameworks governing market access.
Consumer Goods Companies Selling into Jurisdictions Requiring Animal Testing defined as: Entities that test cosmetics, personal care products, or household goods on animals where required by local authorities before sale.
Companies Outsourcing Mandatory Animal Testing to Third Parties defined as: Businesses that engage contract laboratories or external testing providers to fulfill legally mandated animal testing obligations.
Firms Maintaining Market Access Through Compliance Testing defined as: Companies that continue animal testing activities solely to maintain regulatory approval or product registration in applicable jurisdictions.
Entities Disclosing Limited or Conditional Animal Testing Practices defined as: Companies stating that they avoid animal testing except where required by law or regulation.

Exclusion criteria

Voluntary Animal Testing Beyond Legal Requirements defined as: Companies conducting discretionary animal testing for marketing, product development, or internal safety preferences are excluded from this screen and captured under non-mandatory testing.
Animal Testing for Pharmaceutical or Medical Purposes defined as: Testing associated with medicines, vaccines, medical devices, or therapeutic development is excluded.
Companies Using Only Non-Animal Testing Methods defined as: Firms relying exclusively on validated in vitro, computational, or human-based testing alternatives.
Retailers or Brand Owners Without Involvement in Testing Decisions defined as: Entities selling products manufactured by third parties where they do not control or commission product testing practices.
Companies with Verified Cruelty-Free Operations in All Jurisdictions defined as: Firms that publicly prohibit animal testing globally and avoid markets requiring such testing.
Academic or Government Research Institutions defined as: Organizations conducting scientific or regulatory research unrelated to commercial consumer product sales.

Animal Testing for Medical Productsevaluated

Identifies companies that engage in animal testing as part of the research, development, or regulatory approval of pharmaceutical products, biologics, vaccines, or medical devices.

Inclusion criteria

Pharmaceutical Companies Conducting Animal Testing defined as: Firms that use animal studies during the development, safety evaluation, or regulatory approval of prescription or over-the-counter medicines.
Biotechnology Companies Using Animal Models in Product Development defined as: Entities conducting animal-based preclinical testing for biologics, gene therapies, cell therapies, or other biomedical products.
Vaccine Developers Performing Animal Trials defined as: Companies using animal testing to assess vaccine safety, efficacy, or immune response prior to human clinical trials.
Medical Device Companies Conducting Animal Testing defined as: Firms testing implantable devices, surgical tools, diagnostic technologies, or other medical equipment on animals for regulatory or research purposes.
Contract Research Organizations (CROs) Providing Animal Testing Services defined as: Companies offering outsourced animal research, toxicology, or preclinical testing services for pharmaceutical or medical clients.
Entities Conducting Regulatory Animal Studies for Medical Approval defined as: Companies performing animal testing to satisfy health authority requirements for commercialization of medical products.

Exclusion criteria

Animal Testing for Non-Medical Consumer Products defined as: Testing related to cosmetics, personal care products, household goods, or other non-medical items is excluded.
Companies Using Only Non-Animal Research Methods defined as: Firms relying exclusively on in vitro testing, organ-on-chip systems, computer modeling, or human-based clinical methods.
Veterinary Product Testing Not Intended for Human Healthcare defined as: Animal testing conducted solely for veterinary medicines or animal health products is excluded unless tied to human medical applications.
Academic or Non-Commercial Research Institutions defined as: Universities, hospitals, or government laboratories conducting scientific animal research without commercial product development activity.
Medical Product Distributors Without R&D Activity defined as: Companies involved only in the sale or distribution of medical products without participation in testing or development.
Companies That Have Fully Eliminated Animal Testing from Medical Development defined as: Entities with verified replacement of animal testing across all medical research and regulatory processes.

Factory Farming & Intensive Animal Confinementevaluated

Identifies companies involved in large-scale industrial animal farming practices that feature high-density confinement, painful procedures without anesthesia, or conditions that do not meet accepted welfare standards.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Intensive Livestock Confinement Facilities defined as: Companies managing concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) or industrial-scale facilities for poultry, pigs, cattle, or other livestock raised in high-density conditions.
Use of Restrictive Confinement Systems defined as: Entities using battery cages, gestation crates, veal crates, sow stalls, or similar systems that significantly restrict animal movement.
Industrial Animal Producers Conducting Routine Physical Alterations Without Pain Mitigation defined as: Companies performing procedures such as debeaking, tail docking, castration, dehorning, or teeth clipping without anesthesia or pain relief as standard practice.
Large-Scale Poultry or Livestock Operations With Continuous Indoor Confinement defined as: Producers raising animals primarily in enclosed environments with limited outdoor access or natural behaviors.
Integrated Meat, Dairy, or Egg Producers Operating Intensive Farming Systems defined as: Companies controlling breeding, raising, and production operations that rely on industrial confinement-based husbandry models.
Entities Cited for Systemic Animal Welfare Violations Related to Confinement Practices defined as: Companies identified in regulatory findings, audits, or credible investigations for welfare concerns associated with overcrowding or intensive confinement systems.

Exclusion criteria

Pasture-Based or Free-Range Animal Farming Operations defined as: Companies primarily using outdoor grazing, cage-free, pasture-raised, or free-range production systems.
Small-Scale or Traditional Livestock Farming defined as: Farms operating without industrial confinement models or large-scale intensive production methods.
Animal Product Processors Without Farming Operations defined as: Meatpacking, dairy processing, or food manufacturing companies that do not own or manage livestock production facilities.
Producers Certified Under Recognized Animal Welfare Standards defined as: Companies operating under verified welfare certification programs that prohibit intensive confinement practices.
Veterinary, Feed, or Agricultural Equipment Suppliers defined as: Firms supplying products or services to livestock operations without directly managing animal farming activities.
Aquaculture or Seafood Farming Operations defined as: Fish or marine animal farming businesses not involved in terrestrial livestock confinement systems.

Fur & Exotic Animal Product Productionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the commercial breeding, killing, or sourcing of animals for fur, skins, or exotic animal-based fashion and accessories.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Fur Farms defined as: Companies breeding and raising animals such as mink, foxes, rabbits, or chinchillas for the commercial production of fur.
Producers of Fur-Based Apparel or Accessories defined as: Entities manufacturing garments, trims, handbags, footwear, or accessories containing real animal fur.
Companies Sourcing Exotic Animal Skins for Fashion Use defined as: Firms using skins from reptiles, crocodiles, snakes, ostriches, or other exotic animals in commercial products.
Processors or Tanners of Fur and Exotic Hides defined as: Businesses involved in preparing, tanning, dyeing, or finishing animal skins or pelts for commercial sale.
Luxury Goods Manufacturers Using Exotic Animal Materials defined as: Companies incorporating fur, exotic leather, or rare animal-derived materials into branded fashion or accessory products.
Commercial Breeders or Hunters Supplying Fur or Exotic Skin Markets defined as: Entities engaged in sourcing animals specifically for the fur, leather, or exotic fashion supply chain.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers Using Synthetic or Faux Fur Materials Only defined as: Companies producing imitation fur or synthetic exotic leather alternatives without animal-derived inputs.
Traditional Livestock Leather Production defined as: Use of standard cattle, sheep, or goat leather primarily associated with the food industry rather than exotic or fur production.
Retailers Selling Third-Party Products Without Production Involvement defined as: Businesses selling fur or exotic skin products but not involved in sourcing, breeding, processing, or manufacturing activities.
Second-Hand or Vintage Fur Resale Businesses defined as: Companies dealing exclusively in resale or consignment of previously manufactured fur products.
Wildlife Conservation or Animal Sanctuary Organizations defined as: Entities involved in animal protection, rehabilitation, or conservation activities without commercial exploitation.
Manufacturers That Have Fully Eliminated Fur and Exotic Animal Materials defined as: Companies with verified policies prohibiting the use of real fur and exotic animal-derived materials across product lines.

Animal Entertainment & Commercial Exploitationevaluated

Identifies companies that profit from the use of animals in entertainment or tourism activities that involve captivity, unnatural interaction, or potential harm to animal welfare. This includes businesses operating circuses, marine parks, trophy hunting tours, or wildlife attractions that offer direct contact, performances, or photo opportunities with wild animals. Accredited conservation programs and regulated wildlife viewing experiences that meet recognized welfare standards are excluded.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Animal Circuses or Traveling Animal Shows defined as: Companies using wild or domesticated animals in staged performances, tricks, or touring entertainment acts.
Marine Parks and Aquatic Animal Performance Venues defined as: Entities operating facilities where dolphins, whales, sea lions, or other marine animals perform for public entertainment.
Wildlife Attractions Offering Direct Animal Interaction defined as: Businesses providing activities such as elephant rides, tiger petting, dolphin encounters, or photo opportunities with captive wild animals.
Commercial Zoos or Parks With Entertainment-Focused Animal Performances defined as: Facilities using animals primarily for shows, staged exhibitions, or visitor entertainment rather than conservation or education.
Trophy Hunting Tour Operators defined as: Companies organizing or selling guided hunting experiences targeting wild or exotic animals for sport or trophies.
Businesses Using Animals in Tourist Transport or Recreational Activities defined as: Operators offering camel rides, horse-drawn entertainment services, or similar tourism activities involving intensive animal use.
Studios or Entertainment Companies Using Animals in Commercial Productions defined as: Entities using animals in films, television, live events, or advertising where welfare concerns or unnatural treatment practices are documented.

Exclusion criteria

Accredited Conservation-Focused Zoos and Sanctuaries defined as: Facilities operating primarily for conservation, rehabilitation, rescue, or species preservation under recognized welfare and accreditation standards.
Regulated Wildlife Viewing or Eco-Tourism Activities defined as: Tourism operators offering non-invasive wildlife observation experiences without direct interaction, performances, or captivity-based exploitation.
Animal-Assisted Therapy or Service Animal Programs defined as: Organizations using trained animals for medical, therapeutic, accessibility, or rehabilitation purposes.
Agricultural or Livestock Exhibitions Without Entertainment Exploitation defined as: Standard farming exhibitions, agricultural fairs, or livestock competitions not centered on animal performances or harmful interaction.
Pet Ownership, Boarding, or Standard Domestic Animal Services defined as: Businesses such as veterinary clinics, grooming services, boarding facilities, or pet daycare providers.
Film or Media Productions Using Only CGI or Non-Animal Alternatives defined as: Entertainment companies avoiding the use of live animals in productions or attractions.
Wildlife Rehabilitation and Rescue Organizations defined as: Non-commercial entities focused on treatment, rehabilitation, or release of injured or displaced animals.

Breast Milk Substitutesaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Breast Milk Substitutes Manufacturer and Breast Milk Substitutes Marketing Violations screens.

Breast Milk Substitutes Manufacturerevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the production or formulation of breast milk substitutes, including infant formula, follow-on formula, and other milk-based or plant-based products marketed as replacements for breast milk for infants and young children.

Inclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Infant Formula Products defined as: Companies producing formula products intended for infants from birth through early infancy as a substitute for breast milk.
Producers of Follow-On or Toddler Formula defined as: Entities manufacturing milk-based or plant-based formula products marketed for older infants or young children transitioning from breastfeeding.
Companies Formulating Specialized Infant Nutrition Products defined as: Firms producing hypoallergenic, lactose-free, soy-based, hydrolyzed, or medically tailored infant formulas.
Manufacturers of Ready-to-Feed or Powdered Breast Milk Alternatives defined as: Companies producing liquid, concentrated, or powdered nutritional products designed to replace breast milk feeding.
Private Label or Contract Manufacturers of Breast Milk Substitutes defined as: Entities producing infant or toddler formula products on behalf of third-party brands or retailers.
Companies Marketing Nutritional Products Specifically as Breast Milk Replacements defined as: Firms positioning products as alternatives or substitutes to breastfeeding for infants or young children.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers of General Dairy or Nutritional Products Not Intended as Breast Milk Substitutes defined as: Companies producing standard milk, yogurt, protein drinks, or adult nutritional products without infant feeding applications.
Producers of Baby Foods Without Formula Products defined as: Firms manufacturing purees, snacks, cereals, or complementary foods not marketed as breast milk replacements.
Retailers or Distributors Without Manufacturing Activity defined as: Companies involved only in the sale, marketing, or distribution of breast milk substitute products produced by third parties.
Manufacturers of Breastfeeding Support Products defined as: Producers of breast pumps, nursing accessories, milk storage systems, or maternal nutrition products that do not replace breast milk.
Human Milk Banks or Donor Milk Programs defined as: Organizations providing screened donor breast milk rather than manufactured substitutes.
Manufacturers of Medical Nutrition Products Unrelated to Infant Feeding defined as: Companies producing enteral nutrition or medical foods not intended for infants or young children as breast milk alternatives.

Breast Milk Substitutes Marketing Violationsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the marketing, promotion, or distribution of breast milk substitutes in ways that violate the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes (WHO Code) or corresponding national laws. This includes direct advertising to consumers, promotional activities in healthcare settings, or product labeling practices that discourage breastfeeding.

Inclusion criteria

Direct Consumer Advertising of Breast Milk Substitutes Where Prohibited defined as: Companies promoting infant formula or related products directly to the public in jurisdictions or contexts where such advertising violates the WHO Code or local regulations.
Promotion of Breast Milk Substitutes in Healthcare Facilities defined as: Entities distributing samples, gifts, sponsorships, educational materials, or branded products within hospitals, clinics, or maternity settings in ways that breach applicable standards.
Misleading Product Labeling or Packaging Practices defined as: Companies using imagery, wording, health claims, or branding that idealizes formula feeding or discourages breastfeeding.
Distribution of Free Samples or Incentives to Mothers or Healthcare Workers defined as: Firms providing promotional formula samples, discounts, rewards, or financial incentives intended to increase formula use contrary to regulatory guidance.
Marketing Through Healthcare Professionals or Influencers in Violation of Applicable Codes defined as: Companies using physicians, nurses, parenting influencers, or other trusted channels to indirectly promote breast milk substitutes in prohibited ways.
Entities Cited for Violations of the WHO Code or Equivalent National Laws defined as: Companies identified in regulatory actions, NGO reports, legal findings, or official investigations related to improper formula marketing practices.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacture or Sale of Breast Milk Substitutes Without Marketing Violations defined as: Companies producing or selling infant formula products while complying with applicable marketing laws and the WHO Code.
Permitted Product Information or Scientific Communications defined as: Distribution of factual, non-promotional product information intended for healthcare or regulatory purposes in compliance with applicable standards.
Marketing of Products Outside the Scope of Breast Milk Substitutes defined as: Promotion of products not classified as infant formula, follow-on formula, or breast milk replacements.
Healthcare Sponsorships Unrelated to Formula Promotion defined as: General healthcare donations, research support, or educational funding that do not involve promotion of breast milk substitutes.
Retailers or Distributors Without Control Over Marketing Practices defined as: Businesses that stock or sell formula products but do not control branding, advertising, or promotional strategy.
Historical Violations With Demonstrated Remediation and Compliance Programs defined as: Companies with past violations that have implemented verified corrective actions and ongoing compliance measures aligned with applicable standards.

Biocidesaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Production of Hazardous Biocidal Substances and Distribution & Sale of Restricted Biocidal Products screens.

Production of Hazardous Biocidal Substancesevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the manufacturing or formulation of biocidal products containing substances classified as hazardous under national or international frameworks. This includes substances that are persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, or endocrine-disrupting, and those banned or restricted under regulations such as the EU Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR), REACH Annex XVII, or the Stockholm Convention.

Inclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Hazardous Biocidal Active Substances defined as: Companies producing biocidal chemicals classified as toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, endocrine-disrupting, persistent, or bioaccumulative under recognized regulatory frameworks.
Formulators of Restricted or Banned Biocidal Products defined as: Entities formulating pest control, disinfectant, preservative, or antimicrobial products containing substances restricted or prohibited in certain jurisdictions.
Producers of Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP)-Based Biocides defined as: Companies manufacturing products containing substances listed under the Stockholm Convention or equivalent hazardous substance frameworks.
Manufacturers of Industrial Biocides with Hazardous Classifications defined as: Firms producing hazardous biocides used in water treatment, wood preservation, antifouling coatings, or industrial disinfection applications.
Companies Producing Biocides Subject to REACH Annex XVII or BPR Restrictions defined as: Entities manufacturing substances or products specifically identified as restricted, high concern, or non-approved under major chemical safety regulations.
Producers of Hazardous Antimicrobial or Pesticidal Formulations defined as: Companies manufacturing formulations containing hazardous active ingredients intended to control harmful organisms, bacteria, fungi, or pests.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers of Non-Hazardous or Approved Biocidal Products defined as: Companies producing biocides that do not contain substances classified as hazardous under applicable regulatory frameworks.
Agricultural Fertilizers or Crop Nutrients Without Biocidal Function defined as: Producers of fertilizers, soil enhancers, or agricultural additives not intended to control harmful organisms.
Pharmaceutical or Medical Antimicrobial Products defined as: Products regulated as medicines, antibiotics, or healthcare treatments rather than industrial or commercial biocides.
Retailers or Distributors Without Manufacturing Activity defined as: Companies selling or distributing hazardous biocidal products produced by third parties without involvement in formulation or production.
Manufacturers of Consumer Cleaning Products Without Hazardous Biocidal Ingredients defined as: Producers of soaps, detergents, or cleaning agents that do not contain regulated hazardous biocidal substances.
Companies Producing Biological or Low-Toxicity Pest Control Alternatives defined as: Entities focused on biopesticides, natural antimicrobials, or low-risk biological control agents not classified as hazardous.

Distribution & Sale of Restricted Biocidal Productsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the wholesale, retail, or commercial distribution of biocidal products that are banned, restricted, or subject to regulatory warnings in one or more jurisdictions due to environmental or human health concerns. This includes companies marketing such products for use in agriculture, consumer households, or industrial applications.

Inclusion criteria

Wholesale Distributors of Restricted Biocidal Products defined as: Companies supplying banned, restricted, or heavily regulated biocidal products to commercial, industrial, or agricultural customers.
Retailers Selling Hazardous or Restricted Biocides defined as: Entities offering regulated pesticides, disinfectants, preservatives, rodenticides, or antimicrobial products directly to consumers or businesses.
Importers and Exporters of Restricted Biocidal Products defined as: Companies engaged in the international trade of biocides subject to bans, restrictions, or safety warnings in one or more jurisdictions.
Commercial Suppliers of Industrial Biocides Under Regulatory Warning defined as: Firms distributing products identified as hazardous or environmentally harmful for industrial or institutional applications.
Companies Marketing Restricted Biocides for Agricultural Use defined as: Entities promoting or selling regulated pest control or antimicrobial substances for crop, livestock, or agricultural facility use.
Online Platforms or E-Commerce Sellers Offering Restricted Biocidal Products defined as: Digital marketplaces or online retailers facilitating the commercial sale of regulated or hazardous biocides.
Entities Identified in Regulatory Enforcement or Recall Actions defined as: Companies cited by authorities for distributing, marketing, or selling prohibited or restricted biocidal products.

Exclusion criteria

Manufacturers Without Distribution or Sales Activity defined as: Companies producing hazardous biocides that do not directly market, distribute, or sell the products commercially.
Distributors of Approved or Non-Restricted Biocidal Products Only defined as: Firms selling biocides that are fully authorized and not subject to bans, restrictions, or hazard warnings.
Retailers With Incidental Exposure to Restricted Products defined as: General retailers where restricted biocidal products are not a meaningful or intentional component of product offerings.
Medical or Pharmaceutical Product Distributors defined as: Companies distributing regulated medicines, healthcare disinfectants, or pharmaceutical antimicrobials outside the scope of commercial biocides.
Agricultural Input Suppliers Without Restricted Biocide Activity defined as: Firms selling fertilizers, seeds, or approved crop treatments without involvement in restricted or hazardous biocidal products.
Waste Management or Disposal Companies defined as: Entities handling disposal or remediation of hazardous chemicals without involvement in product sales or distribution.

Cannabisaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Medical Cannabis Activities and Recreational Cannabis Activities screens.

Medical Cannabisevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the cultivation, processing, manufacture, or sale of cannabis or cannabis-derived products intended for authorized medical use. This includes firms operating under formal regulatory frameworks for medical cannabis, such as pharmaceutical producers, licensed medical distributors, or companies supplying cannabis-based treatments to patients with medical prescriptions.

Inclusion criteria

Licensed Medical Cannabis Cultivators defined as: Companies authorized to grow cannabis for medical or pharmaceutical use under applicable regulatory frameworks.
Manufacturers of Medical Cannabis Products defined as: Entities producing cannabis oils, extracts, capsules, tinctures, sprays, or other cannabis-derived therapeutic products intended for medical patients.
Pharmaceutical Companies Developing Cannabis-Based Treatments defined as: Firms conducting research, formulation, or commercialization of prescription cannabis medicines or cannabinoid-based therapies.
Licensed Medical Cannabis Distributors or Dispensaries defined as: Companies supplying medical cannabis products directly to patients, pharmacies, hospitals, or healthcare providers under regulated programs.
Producers of Prescription Cannabinoid Medicines defined as: Entities manufacturing products containing THC, CBD, or other cannabinoids intended for approved therapeutic use.
Companies Operating Within Formal Medical Cannabis Regulatory Systems defined as: Firms licensed or registered under national or regional medical cannabis frameworks for cultivation, processing, sale, or patient supply.
Contract Manufacturers or Processors for Medical Cannabis Products defined as: Companies providing extraction, formulation, packaging, or production services specifically for medical cannabis products.

Exclusion criteria

Recreational Cannabis Businesses defined as: Companies focused solely on adult-use or non-medical cannabis products intended for recreational consumption.
Hemp or CBD Producers Without Medical Claims defined as: Entities producing industrial hemp, wellness CBD, or cosmetic cannabinoid products not marketed or regulated as medical treatments.
Pharmaceutical Companies Without Cannabis-Based Products defined as: Drug manufacturers not involved in cannabis-derived medicines or cannabinoid therapeutics.
Ancillary Service Providers Without Direct Cannabis Handling defined as: Firms providing lighting, packaging, software, consulting, or agricultural equipment without direct involvement in medical cannabis production or sale.
Research Institutions Conducting Non-Commercial Cannabis Studies defined as: Universities, hospitals, or laboratories studying cannabis without commercial cultivation, manufacturing, or distribution activities.
Retailers Selling General Wellness Cannabis Products Only defined as: Businesses selling non-prescription cannabis wellness or lifestyle products outside formal medical frameworks.

Recreational Cannabisevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the cultivation, processing, distribution, or retail sale of cannabis or cannabis-derived products intended for recreational use. This includes licensed recreational cannabis producers, dispensaries, and consumer brands selling products for non-medical purposes in jurisdictions where such activity is legal.

Inclusion criteria

Licensed Recreational Cannabis Cultivators defined as: Companies authorized to grow cannabis for adult-use or non-medical consumption under applicable legal frameworks.
Manufacturers of Recreational Cannabis Products defined as: Entities producing dried flower, edibles, beverages, concentrates, vape products, or other cannabis-derived products intended for recreational use.
Operators of Recreational Cannabis Dispensaries or Retail Stores defined as: Companies selling cannabis products directly to consumers for non-medical purposes through physical or online retail channels.
Recreational Cannabis Consumer Brands defined as: Firms developing and marketing branded adult-use cannabis products for recreational consumption.
Processors and Extractors Serving the Recreational Cannabis Market defined as: Companies involved in extraction, formulation, packaging, or preparation of recreational cannabis products.
Licensed Distributors and Wholesalers of Recreational Cannabis defined as: Entities supplying recreational cannabis products to retailers, dispensaries, or commercial sales channels.
Cannabis Beverage or Edible Producers for Adult Use defined as: Companies manufacturing THC-infused beverages, snacks, confectionery, or similar recreational cannabis consumables.

Exclusion criteria

Medical Cannabis Businesses Operating Exclusively for Therapeutic Use defined as: Companies limited to prescription-based or medically regulated cannabis activities without recreational product offerings.
Industrial Hemp Producers Without Recreational Cannabis Activity defined as: Entities cultivating hemp for fiber, seed, textiles, or non-psychoactive industrial applications.
CBD Wellness Products Without Psychoactive or Recreational Positioning defined as: Companies selling non-intoxicating CBD products not intended for recreational cannabis use.
Ancillary Service Providers Without Direct Cannabis Product Involvement defined as: Firms providing software, equipment, packaging, security, or consulting services to cannabis companies without handling cannabis products themselves.
Pharmaceutical Companies Developing Cannabinoid Medicines defined as: Drug manufacturers focused on regulated therapeutic cannabinoid products rather than adult-use cannabis markets.
Research Institutions or Advocacy Organizations defined as: Universities, nonprofits, or policy groups involved in cannabis research, legalization advocacy, or education without commercial cannabis operations.

Fossil Fuelsaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, and High-Impact Fossil Fuel Extration screens.

Coalaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Thermal Coal Mining, Coal-Fired Power Generation, Coal Processing & Trading, and Coal Reserves screens.

Thermal Coal Miningevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the extraction of thermal coal, which is primarily used for electricity generation. This includes surface or underground mining operations that produce coal for combustion in power plants.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Thermal Coal Mines defined as: Companies managing surface, open-pit, strip, mountaintop removal, or underground mines producing thermal coal for power generation.
Owners of Thermal Coal Mining Assets or Licenses defined as: Entities holding extraction rights, leases, or ownership interests in active thermal coal reserves or mining operations.
Companies Producing Steam Coal for Electricity Generation defined as: Firms extracting coal specifically marketed or sold for combustion in coal-fired power plants.
Integrated Mining Companies With Thermal Coal Extraction Operations defined as: Diversified mining companies with active thermal coal production activities as part of their mining portfolio.
Companies Developing New Thermal Coal Mining Projects defined as: Entities engaged in exploration, feasibility assessment, permitting, or construction of thermal coal extraction operations.
Producers of Export Thermal Coal defined as: Companies mining thermal coal intended for international sale to utilities or industrial power generators.

Exclusion criteria

Metallurgical or Coking Coal Mining Only defined as: Companies extracting coal exclusively for steelmaking or metallurgical applications rather than electricity generation.
Coal Traders or Distributors Without Mining Activity defined as: Entities involved solely in the purchase, transport, marketing, or sale of coal produced by third parties.
Coal-Fired Power Plant Operators Without Coal Extraction defined as: Utilities or power producers that consume thermal coal but do not own or operate coal mining assets.
Coal Processing or Washing Facilities Without Mining Operations defined as: Firms engaged only in coal preparation, beneficiation, blending, or handling activities.
Companies With Fully Closed or Reclaimed Thermal Coal Mines defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased thermal coal extraction and no longer operate active mines.
Suppliers of Mining Equipment or Services defined as: Contractors, engineering firms, or equipment manufacturers supporting coal mining operations without direct extraction involvement.

Coal-Fired Power Generationevaluated

Identifies companies that operate power plants which generate electricity through the combustion of coal. This includes both dedicated coal-fired utilities and diversified energy companies with coal in their generation mix.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Coal-Fired Power Plants defined as: Companies that own, manage, or operate facilities generating electricity through the combustion of thermal coal.
Utilities With Active Coal-Based Electricity Generation defined as: Electric utilities or independent power producers that include coal-fired generation within their operating power portfolio.
Companies Owning Coal-Fired Generating Capacity defined as: Entities holding ownership stakes in active coal-fired power stations or generating units.
Integrated Energy Companies Operating Coal Power Assets defined as: Diversified energy firms engaged in electricity generation from coal alongside other energy sources.
Companies Developing or Expanding Coal-Fired Generation Facilities defined as: Entities involved in the construction, expansion, refurbishment, or life-extension of coal-fired power plants.
Operators of Captive Coal Power Facilities defined as: Industrial companies operating coal-fired plants primarily to supply electricity or steam for internal industrial operations.

Exclusion criteria

Thermal Coal Mining Without Power Generation Activity defined as: Companies extracting coal for sale or export without operating coal-fired electricity generation assets.
Coal Traders, Transporters, or Distributors defined as: Entities involved only in the marketing, logistics, or supply of coal fuel without generating electricity.
Engineering or Equipment Providers for Coal Plants defined as: Manufacturers or contractors supplying turbines, boilers, maintenance, or engineering services without plant ownership or operation.
Biomass or Waste-to-Energy Facilities Co-Firing Minimal Coal defined as: Power facilities where coal use is incidental or not a primary fuel source for electricity generation.
Companies With Fully Retired or Decommissioned Coal Plants defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased coal-fired power generation operations.
Electric Utilities Without Coal in Their Generation Mix defined as: Utilities generating electricity exclusively from renewable, nuclear, hydroelectric, or non-coal fossil fuel sources.

Coal Processing & Tradingevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the processing (e.g., washing, blending) or commercial trading of coal, without directly extracting it. This includes coal logistics firms, commodity traders, and coal terminal operators.

Inclusion criteria

Coal Processing and Preparation Facilities defined as: Companies operating coal washing, beneficiation, crushing, screening, drying, or blending facilities to improve coal quality prior to sale or transport.
Commodity Traders Buying and Selling Coal defined as: Entities engaged in the wholesale marketing, brokerage, or international trading of thermal or metallurgical coal.
Coal Export and Import Companies defined as: Firms involved in cross-border coal trade, including procurement, shipping coordination, and sales to utilities or industrial buyers.
Coal Terminal and Storage Operators defined as: Companies managing bulk coal terminals, stockyards, storage facilities, or port infrastructure used for coal handling and shipment.
Coal Logistics and Transportation Providers defined as: Entities specializing in rail, barge, marine, or trucking logistics dedicated to transporting commercial coal volumes.
Coal Blending and Supply Chain Management Firms defined as: Companies combining or managing coal grades to meet customer specifications or fuel requirements.
Integrated Coal Marketing Businesses Without Mining Ownership defined as: Firms whose primary coal-related activities involve processing, marketing, or trading rather than direct extraction.

Exclusion criteria

Thermal or Metallurgical Coal Mining Operations defined as: Companies directly extracting coal are excluded and assessed under coal mining screens.
Coal-Fired Power Generation Companies defined as: Utilities or power producers using coal as fuel without engaging in coal trading or processing services for third parties.
Mining Equipment Manufacturers or Engineering Contractors defined as: Firms supplying equipment, infrastructure, or technical services to coal operations without handling coal commercially.
General Freight or Logistics Companies Without Dedicated Coal Activity defined as: Transportation providers not materially involved in coal-specific logistics or terminal operations.
Industrial End Users Purchasing Coal for Internal Consumption defined as: Steelmakers, cement companies, or manufacturers consuming coal without trading or processing coal commercially.
Companies With Historical but No Current Coal Trading or Processing Activities defined as: Entities that have formally exited coal handling, processing, or trading operations.

Coal Reservesevaluated

Identifies companies that own or control proven or probable reserves of coal or hold mineral rights for undeveloped coal deposits. This includes thermal and metallurgical coal reserves, regardless of whether the company is actively extracting the coal. The screen applies to companies that maintain economic interest in coal as a long-term energy or industrial asset.

Inclusion criteria

Owners of Proven or Probable Coal Reserves defined as: Companies reporting economically recoverable coal reserves in regulatory filings, reserve statements, or resource disclosures.
Holders of Coal Mineral Rights or Concessions defined as: Entities controlling leases, licenses, concessions, or land rights associated with coal deposits, including undeveloped assets.
Companies Maintaining Undeveloped Coal Assets defined as: Firms retaining coal deposits for future extraction, monetization, or strategic asset value, regardless of current production status.
Integrated Mining Companies With Coal Reserve Holdings defined as: Diversified mining firms with reported ownership or control of thermal or metallurgical coal reserves.
Exploration Companies Identifying Commercial Coal Deposits defined as: Entities engaged in geological assessment or reserve delineation of coal resources intended for future commercial development.
Companies Acquiring or Investing in Coal Reserve Assets defined as: Firms purchasing, financing, or holding economic interests in coal reserves as long-term industrial or energy assets.

Exclusion criteria

Companies Without Ownership or Control of Coal Deposits defined as: Traders, transport providers, or service companies involved in coal markets without reserve ownership interests.
Coal Extraction Companies With No Remaining Reserve Ownership defined as: Contractors or operators mining coal on behalf of third parties without holding reserve rights or economic ownership.
Utilities Consuming Coal Without Reserve Holdings defined as: Power generation companies purchasing coal fuel without ownership of coal reserves or mining rights.
Mining Equipment Manufacturers and Service Providers defined as: Engineering, drilling, or equipment firms supporting coal operations without holding coal assets.
Companies With Fully Divested or Written-Off Coal Reserves defined as: Entities that have permanently sold, relinquished, or abandoned coal reserve ownership.
Exploration Activity Without Established Coal Resource Ownership defined as: Early-stage geological surveying or consulting activities that do not result in reserve control or economic interest.

Oilaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Oil Exploration & Extraction, Oil Refining, Oil Transport & Pipelines, Oil Reserves, and Oil-Fired Power Generation screens.

Oil Exploration & Extractionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the upstream development of oil resources, including geological surveying, drilling, and crude oil production. This includes conventional and unconventional oil extraction.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Crude Oil Production Fields defined as: Companies managing onshore or offshore oil fields that produce crude oil for commercial sale or refining.
Companies Conducting Oil Exploration Activities defined as: Entities performing geological surveys, seismic analysis, exploratory drilling, or resource appraisal for oil development purposes.
Owners of Upstream Oil Assets or Extraction Rights defined as: Firms holding licenses, leases, concessions, or production-sharing agreements related to oil extraction activities.
Companies Engaged in Conventional Oil Extraction defined as: Entities producing crude oil through traditional drilling and pumping methods from conventional reservoirs.
Companies Engaged in Unconventional Oil Extraction defined as: Firms extracting oil through methods such as horizontal drilling, enhanced oil recovery, shale oil production, or oil sands extraction.
Integrated Energy Companies With Upstream Oil Operations defined as: Diversified energy companies reporting oil exploration or crude oil production as part of their operating activities.
Developers of New Oil Extraction Projects defined as: Companies involved in planning, permitting, financing, or constructing upstream oil production projects.

Exclusion criteria

Oil Refining and Petrochemical Operations Without Upstream Activity defined as: Companies involved solely in refining crude oil or manufacturing petroleum-based products.
Oil Transportation, Storage, or Pipeline Companies defined as: Midstream firms transporting or storing crude oil without involvement in exploration or extraction.
Fuel Retailers and Downstream Marketing Businesses defined as: Entities engaged only in the sale or distribution of refined petroleum products to end users.
Oilfield Service or Equipment Providers Without Production Ownership defined as: Contractors providing drilling, engineering, seismic, or technical services without ownership or operational control of oil extraction assets.
Companies Exploring Only for Natural Gas Without Oil Production defined as: Firms exclusively engaged in gas exploration and extraction activities.
Companies With Fully Decommissioned or Sold Oil Assets defined as: Entities that have permanently exited oil exploration and production activities.

Oil Refiningevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in refining crude oil into usable products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and petrochemicals. This includes both integrated oil majors and independent refiners.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Crude Oil Refineries defined as: Companies owning or operating facilities that process crude oil into fuels, lubricants, asphalt, or other refined petroleum products.
Independent Petroleum Refiners defined as: Entities whose primary business activity involves refining crude oil rather than upstream extraction or fuel retail.
Integrated Oil Companies With Refining Operations defined as: Diversified energy firms operating downstream refining assets as part of broader oil and gas operations.
Producers of Transportation Fuels From Crude Oil defined as: Companies refining crude oil into gasoline, diesel, marine fuel, aviation fuel, or heating oil products.
Refineries Producing Petrochemical Feedstocks defined as: Entities converting crude oil into naphtha, feedstocks, or intermediate products used in petrochemical manufacturing.
Companies Operating Condensate Splitters or Heavy Oil Upgraders defined as: Firms processing crude oil, bitumen, or condensates into refined or upgraded petroleum products.
Developers or Owners of Refining Infrastructure defined as: Companies constructing, expanding, upgrading, or maintaining operational control of oil refining facilities.

Exclusion criteria

Oil Exploration and Production Companies Without Refining Assets defined as: Upstream oil companies engaged solely in exploration or crude oil extraction activities.
Petrochemical Manufacturers Using Purchased Feedstocks Only defined as: Chemical producers that do not directly refine crude oil into fuels or intermediate petroleum products.
Oil Transport, Pipeline, or Storage Companies defined as: Midstream entities involved in transportation, storage, or terminal operations without refining activity.
Fuel Retailers and Marketing Businesses defined as: Companies operating service stations or fuel distribution networks without ownership or operation of refining facilities.
Renewable Fuel Producers Without Crude Oil Refining defined as: Producers of biodiesel, renewable diesel, ethanol, or synthetic fuels not derived from crude oil refining.
Engineering, Equipment, or Maintenance Providers defined as: Contractors and service providers supporting refinery operations without ownership or operational control of refining assets.

Oil Transport & Pipelinesevaluated

Identifies companies that operate or own infrastructure used to transport crude oil or refined products, including pipelines, oil tankers, and storage terminals.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Crude Oil Pipelines defined as: Companies owning or managing pipeline systems used to transport crude oil between extraction sites, terminals, refineries, or export facilities.
Operators of Refined Petroleum Product Pipelines defined as: Entities transporting gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, or other refined petroleum products through dedicated pipeline infrastructure.
Oil Tanker and Marine Transport Companies defined as: Firms operating vessels used for the bulk transportation of crude oil or refined petroleum products.
Owners or Operators of Oil Storage Terminals defined as: Companies managing tank farms, petroleum storage hubs, export terminals, or blending facilities used in oil logistics networks.
Integrated Midstream Oil Infrastructure Companies defined as: Entities operating interconnected systems of pipelines, storage assets, marine terminals, or oil transport infrastructure.
Companies Providing Rail or Truck Transport Primarily for Oil Products defined as: Firms materially engaged in transporting crude oil or refined petroleum products through dedicated rail or tanker truck operations.
Developers of Oil Transportation Infrastructure Projects defined as: Companies constructing or expanding pipelines, export terminals, marine loading facilities, or oil storage infrastructure.

Exclusion criteria

Oil Exploration and Extraction Companies Without Midstream Operations defined as: Upstream oil producers that do not own or operate transportation or storage infrastructure.
Oil Refining Companies Without Transport Infrastructure Ownership defined as: Refiners that rely entirely on third-party logistics and do not control oil transportation assets.
Natural Gas Pipeline or Distribution Operators defined as: Companies focused solely on natural gas transmission, LNG transport, or gas distribution infrastructure.
General Shipping or Freight Companies Without Oil Transport Specialization defined as: Transportation firms not materially involved in crude oil or petroleum product logistics.
Fuel Retailers and Downstream Marketing Businesses defined as: Companies engaged primarily in fuel sales to consumers without ownership or operation of transport infrastructure.
Engineering, Maintenance, or Equipment Suppliers defined as: Contractors or manufacturers providing services or equipment to oil transport operators without direct ownership or operation of oil logistics assets.

Oil Reservesevaluated

Identifies companies that own or control proven or probable reserves of crude oil or oil sands intended for commercial energy production or industrial use. This includes both conventional and unconventional oil reserves held through direct ownership or extractive rights.

Inclusion criteria

Owners of Proven or Probable Crude Oil Reserves defined as: Companies reporting commercially recoverable oil reserves in regulatory filings, reserve statements, or resource disclosures.
Holders of Oil Exploration or Extraction Rights defined as: Entities controlling leases, concessions, licenses, or production-sharing agreements associated with oil deposits.
Companies Maintaining Undeveloped Oil Assets defined as: Firms retaining oil reserves for future commercial development, monetization, or strategic energy purposes.
Owners of Conventional Oil Reserves defined as: Companies holding reserves associated with traditional crude oil reservoirs and extraction methods.
Owners of Unconventional Oil Reserves defined as: Entities controlling oil sands, shale oil, extra-heavy oil, or other unconventional oil resource deposits.
Integrated Energy Companies With Material Oil Reserve Holdings defined as: Diversified energy firms reporting ownership or economic interest in crude oil reserve assets.
Exploration Companies Identifying Commercial Oil Deposits defined as: Firms engaged in appraisal and reserve delineation activities that establish economically recoverable oil resources.
Companies Acquiring or Investing in Oil Reserve Assets defined as: Entities purchasing, financing, or holding strategic ownership interests in oil reserve portfolios.

Exclusion criteria

Oilfield Service Providers Without Reserve Ownership defined as: Drilling contractors, engineering firms, or technical service providers supporting oil extraction without holding reserve interests.
Oil Refining, Transport, or Marketing Companies Without Reserve Holdings defined as: Midstream and downstream firms that process, transport, or sell petroleum products without ownership of oil reserves.
Natural Gas Reserve Ownership Without Oil Reserves defined as: Companies holding only natural gas reserves without commercially significant oil reserve interests.
Companies With Fully Divested or Abandoned Oil Reserve Assets defined as: Entities that have sold, relinquished, or permanently written off oil reserve ownership.
Financial Investors Without Direct Resource Ownership Rights defined as: Passive investors, lenders, or funds without direct control or ownership of extractive rights or reserves.
Exploration Activities Without Established Economic Oil Resources defined as: Early-stage geological surveys or exploratory activities that have not resulted in recognized reserve ownership or commercial resource control.

Oil-Fired Power Generationevaluated

Identifies companies that operate power plants which generate electricity through the combustion of petroleum-based fuels, including residual fuel oil, diesel, or crude oil. This includes standalone oil-fired generation facilities as well as utilities with oil-fired assets in their energy mix.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Oil-Fired Power Plants defined as: Companies owning or operating facilities that generate electricity primarily through the combustion of fuel oil, diesel, bunker fuel, or crude oil.
Utilities With Oil-Fired Generation Assets defined as: Electric utilities or independent power producers maintaining oil-fired generating capacity within their broader energy portfolio.
Companies Operating Diesel-Fueled Power Generation Facilities defined as: Entities using diesel or other petroleum-derived fuels for commercial electricity generation, including grid-connected or captive facilities.
Integrated Energy Companies With Oil-Based Power Operations defined as: Diversified energy firms engaged in oil-fired electricity generation alongside other power generation activities.
Developers or Owners of Oil-Fired Generation Infrastructure defined as: Companies involved in the construction, expansion, refurbishment, or ownership of oil-fired power stations.
Operators of Remote or Island Oil-Fired Power Systems defined as: Entities relying on fuel oil or diesel-fired generation for electricity supply in isolated or off-grid regions.
Industrial Operators Using Oil-Fired Captive Power Plants defined as: Companies operating oil-fueled generation facilities primarily to supply electricity or steam for internal industrial use.

Exclusion criteria

Oil Exploration, Refining, or Transport Companies Without Power Generation Activity defined as: Companies involved in upstream, refining, or midstream oil operations that do not generate electricity from oil-fired assets.
Natural Gas or Coal-Fired Power Generation Without Oil Combustion defined as: Utilities or generators using other fossil fuels without material oil-fired generation operations.
Renewable Energy or Nuclear Power Producers defined as: Companies generating electricity exclusively from renewable, hydroelectric, or nuclear sources.
Backup or Emergency Generators Used Only for Limited Internal Purposes defined as: Small-scale standby diesel generators not operated as commercial or dedicated electricity generation assets.
Equipment Manufacturers or Engineering Contractors defined as: Firms supplying turbines, engines, maintenance, or engineering services without ownership or operation of oil-fired power plants.
Companies With Fully Retired or Decommissioned Oil-Fired Assets defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased oil-fired electricity generation operations.

Natural Gasaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Natural Gas Exploration & Extraction, Natural Gas Processing & Liquefaction, Gas Transport & Distribution, Natural Gas Reserves, and Gas-Fired Power Generation screens.

Natural Gas Exploration & Extractionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the extraction of natural gas, including conventional natural gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane. This includes onshore and offshore gas production.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Natural Gas Production Fields defined as: Companies managing onshore or offshore gas fields producing natural gas for commercial sale or industrial use.
Companies Conducting Natural Gas Exploration Activities defined as: Entities performing seismic analysis, geological surveying, exploratory drilling, or reserve appraisal for natural gas development.
Owners of Natural Gas Extraction Rights or Licenses defined as: Firms holding leases, concessions, production-sharing agreements, or mineral rights related to natural gas extraction.
Companies Extracting Conventional Natural Gas defined as: Entities producing gas from conventional underground reservoirs using traditional drilling methods.
Companies Extracting Unconventional Natural Gas defined as: Firms producing shale gas, tight gas, coalbed methane, or other unconventional natural gas resources.
Integrated Energy Companies With Upstream Gas Operations defined as: Diversified oil and gas companies reporting natural gas exploration or production activities within their upstream portfolio.
Developers of New Natural Gas Production Projects defined as: Companies involved in planning, financing, permitting, or constructing natural gas extraction projects.
Offshore Natural Gas Production Operators defined as: Entities operating offshore drilling platforms or subsea infrastructure dedicated to natural gas extraction.

Exclusion criteria

Natural Gas Processing, Liquefaction, or Storage Without Extraction Activity defined as: Midstream companies handling gas after extraction without participating in upstream production.
Gas Pipeline, Transmission, or Distribution Companies defined as: Entities transporting or distributing natural gas without ownership or operation of extraction assets.
Natural Gas-Fired Power Generation Companies defined as: Utilities or power producers consuming natural gas for electricity generation without upstream gas production activities.
Oilfield Service Providers Without Production Ownership defined as: Contractors providing drilling, seismic, engineering, or well services without ownership or operational control of gas reserves or production assets.
Companies Producing Only Crude Oil Without Natural Gas Production defined as: Firms engaged solely in oil extraction activities without material natural gas operations.
Companies With Fully Decommissioned or Divested Gas Assets defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased natural gas exploration or extraction activities.

Natural Gas Processing & Liquefactionevaluated

Identifies companies involved in the processing, liquefaction, or conversion of natural gas into liquefied natural gas (LNG) or other commercial forms for distribution or export.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Natural Gas Processing Plants defined as: Companies operating facilities that remove impurities, separate hydrocarbons, or prepare raw natural gas for commercial use or transport.
LNG Liquefaction Facility Operators defined as: Entities converting natural gas into liquefied natural gas (LNG) for storage, shipping, or export.
Companies Producing Commercial LNG Products defined as: Firms engaged in the large-scale production of LNG for industrial, utility, transportation, or export markets.
Natural Gas Compression and Conversion Operators defined as: Companies operating facilities that compress, condition, or convert natural gas into transportable or marketable forms.
Integrated Energy Companies With Gas Processing or LNG Operations defined as: Diversified energy firms that own or operate gas processing plants or LNG terminals as part of their midstream operations.
Developers of LNG Export or Gas Processing Infrastructure defined as: Entities involved in constructing, expanding, or financing LNG terminals, liquefaction plants, or gas conditioning infrastructure.
Companies Producing Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs) Through Gas Processing defined as: Firms extracting propane, butane, ethane, or similar hydrocarbons from raw natural gas streams.
Floating LNG (FLNG) Facility Operators defined as: Companies operating offshore floating liquefaction infrastructure for processing and exporting natural gas.

Exclusion criteria

Natural Gas Exploration and Extraction Companies Without Processing Operations defined as: Upstream gas producers that do not own or operate gas processing or liquefaction facilities.
Gas Pipeline and Distribution Companies defined as: Entities focused solely on transmission, storage, or retail delivery of natural gas without processing or LNG conversion activities.
Natural Gas-Fired Power Generation Companies defined as: Utilities or power producers consuming natural gas for electricity generation without gas processing or liquefaction operations.
LNG Shipping Companies Without Liquefaction Operations defined as: Marine transport firms carrying LNG cargo without ownership or operation of LNG production facilities.
Industrial Consumers of LNG or Processed Gas defined as: Manufacturers, utilities, or industrial operators purchasing LNG or processed gas for consumption rather than producing it.
Engineering, Equipment, or Maintenance Providers defined as: Contractors and technology suppliers supporting gas processing infrastructure without operational ownership or control.

Gas Transport & Distributionevaluated

Identifies companies that transport or distribute natural gas via pipelines, LNG carriers, or utility distribution networks. This includes infrastructure owners and service providers.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines defined as: Companies owning or managing high-pressure pipeline systems used to transport natural gas over long distances.
Natural Gas Utility Distribution Companies defined as: Entities distributing natural gas to residential, commercial, or industrial end users through local utility networks.
LNG Transport and Shipping Operators defined as: Companies operating LNG carriers, marine transport systems, or related logistics infrastructure for natural gas distribution.
Owners or Operators of Gas Storage Infrastructure defined as: Firms managing underground storage facilities, LNG storage terminals, or gas balancing infrastructure connected to distribution systems.
Integrated Midstream Natural Gas Infrastructure Companies defined as: Entities operating interconnected gas transportation, storage, transmission, or distribution assets.
Companies Operating Regional or Cross-Border Gas Networks defined as: Firms transporting natural gas across jurisdictions through pipeline or LNG infrastructure systems.
Developers of Natural Gas Transport Infrastructure defined as: Companies constructing or expanding gas pipelines, LNG terminals, compressor stations, or distribution networks.
Gas Distribution Service Providers defined as: Entities responsible for commercial gas delivery, metering, network management, or utility transmission operations.

Exclusion criteria

Natural Gas Exploration and Extraction Companies Without Transport Operations defined as: Upstream producers engaged solely in gas exploration or production activities.
Natural Gas Processing or Liquefaction Companies Without Distribution Infrastructure defined as: Entities converting or processing gas without operating transportation or delivery systems.
Natural Gas-Fired Power Generation Companies defined as: Utilities or power producers consuming natural gas for electricity generation without gas transport or distribution activities.
General Freight or Shipping Companies Without Natural Gas Focus defined as: Transportation providers not materially involved in natural gas or LNG logistics infrastructure.
Equipment Manufacturers or Engineering Contractors defined as: Companies supplying pipes, compressors, maintenance, or engineering services without ownership or operation of gas transport systems.
Industrial Consumers of Natural Gas defined as: Manufacturers, utilities, or commercial facilities purchasing gas for internal use rather than distributing or transporting it commercially.

Natural Gas Reservesevaluated

Identifies companies that own or control proven or probable reserves of natural gas, including conventional natural gas, shale gas, and liquefied natural gas (LNG). This includes companies with direct ownership of gas fields or contractual rights to exploit undeveloped reserves.

Inclusion criteria

Owners of Proven or Probable Natural Gas Reserves defined as: Companies reporting commercially recoverable natural gas reserves in reserve statements, regulatory filings, or resource disclosures.
Holders of Natural Gas Exploration or Extraction Rights defined as: Entities controlling leases, concessions, licenses, or production-sharing agreements associated with natural gas deposits.
Companies Maintaining Undeveloped Natural Gas Assets defined as: Firms retaining natural gas reserves for future extraction, monetization, or strategic energy purposes.
Owners of Conventional Natural Gas Reserves defined as: Companies holding reserves associated with conventional gas reservoirs and traditional extraction methods.
Owners of Unconventional Natural Gas Reserves defined as: Entities controlling shale gas, tight gas, coalbed methane, or other unconventional gas resources.
Integrated Energy Companies With Material Natural Gas Reserve Holdings defined as: Diversified energy firms reporting ownership or economic interest in natural gas reserve assets.
Companies With LNG-Linked Upstream Reserve Interests defined as: Entities holding reserve ownership tied to LNG export or liquefaction projects through upstream gas field participation.
Exploration Companies Identifying Commercial Natural Gas Deposits defined as: Firms engaged in appraisal and reserve delineation activities establishing economically recoverable gas resources.
Companies Acquiring or Investing in Natural Gas Reserve Assets defined as: Entities purchasing, financing, or holding strategic ownership interests in natural gas reserves or undeveloped gas fields.

Exclusion criteria

Natural Gas Transport, Distribution, or LNG Shipping Companies Without Reserve Ownership defined as: Midstream or logistics companies transporting or distributing gas without ownership of gas reserves.
Natural Gas Processing or Liquefaction Companies Without Upstream Reserve Interests defined as: Firms processing or converting gas without ownership or control of gas fields or reserves.
Oil Reserve Ownership Without Material Natural Gas Reserves defined as: Companies holding crude oil reserves without commercially significant natural gas reserve ownership.
Gas-Fired Power Generation Companies defined as: Utilities or power producers consuming natural gas without reserve ownership or extraction rights.
Oilfield Service Providers Without Resource Ownership defined as: Drilling, engineering, or technical service companies supporting gas operations without ownership of reserves or extraction rights.
Companies With Fully Divested or Abandoned Natural Gas Assets defined as: Entities that have permanently sold, relinquished, or written off natural gas reserve ownership.
Exploration Activities Without Established Economic Gas Resources defined as: Geological surveys or exploratory activities that have not resulted in recognized reserve ownership or commercial resource control.

Gas-Fired Power Generationevaluated

Identifies companies that operate power plants which generate electricity using natural gas or liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a primary fuel source. This includes combined-cycle gas turbine plants, open-cycle peaking plants, and other gas-based generation infrastructure.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Natural Gas-Fired Power Plants defined as: Companies owning or operating facilities that generate electricity primarily through the combustion of natural gas or LNG.
Combined-Cycle and Open-Cycle Gas Turbine Operators defined as: Entities operating combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT), open-cycle gas turbine (OCGT), or peaking gas-fired generation facilities.
Utilities With Gas-Fired Generation Assets defined as: Electric utilities or independent power producers maintaining gas-fired generating capacity within their energy portfolio.
Integrated Energy Companies With Gas-Based Power Operations defined as: Diversified energy firms engaged in electricity generation using natural gas alongside other energy sources.
Developers or Owners of Gas-Fired Generation Infrastructure defined as: Companies involved in constructing, expanding, refurbishing, or owning gas-fired power stations.
Industrial Operators Using Gas-Fired Captive Power Plants defined as: Companies operating gas-fueled facilities primarily to supply electricity or steam for internal industrial operations.

Exclusion criteria

Natural Gas Exploration, Processing, or Distribution Companies Without Power Generation Activity defined as: Companies involved in upstream or midstream natural gas operations that do not generate electricity from gas-fired assets.
Coal-Fired or Oil-Fired Power Generation Without Material Gas Generation defined as: Utilities or generators using other fossil fuels without natural gas-fired electricity generation operations.
Renewable Energy or Nuclear Power Producers defined as: Companies generating electricity exclusively from renewable, hydroelectric, or nuclear sources.
Backup or Emergency Gas Generators Used Only for Limited Internal Purposes defined as: Small-scale standby generation systems not operated as commercial or dedicated electricity generation assets.
Equipment Manufacturers or Engineering Contractors defined as: Firms supplying turbines, maintenance, or engineering services without ownership or operation of gas-fired power plants.
Companies With Fully Retired or Decommissioned Gas-Fired Assets defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased gas-fired electricity generation operations.

High-Impact Fossil Fuel Extractionaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking), Deep Sea Drilling, Oil Sands / Tar Sands, and Shale Oil & Shale Gas screens.

Arctic Drillingaggregator

A screen that aggregates the Arctic Oil & Gas Exploration and Extraction and Arctic Drilling Infrastructure & Services screens.

Arctic Oil & Gas Exploration and Extractionevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the commercial exploration or extraction of oil and gas resources in the Arctic region. This includes both onshore and offshore operations, and covers entities that hold licenses, operate drilling sites, or manage oil and gas production infrastructure within the defined Arctic boundary.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Arctic Oil or Gas Fields defined as: Companies managing active oil or gas extraction projects located within the Arctic region, including offshore and onshore operations.
Holders of Arctic Exploration or Production Licenses defined as: Entities holding government-issued rights or concessions for oil and gas exploration, appraisal, or extraction in Arctic territories or waters.
Companies Conducting Arctic Drilling Activities defined as: Firms engaged in exploratory, appraisal, or production drilling for hydrocarbons in Arctic environments.
Developers of Arctic Upstream Oil and Gas Projects defined as: Entities responsible for planning, financing, or developing Arctic hydrocarbon extraction projects or production infrastructure.
Companies Operating Arctic Production Infrastructure defined as: Firms managing Arctic oil platforms, well sites, subsea systems, or field production facilities directly tied to extraction activities.
Integrated Energy Companies With Active Arctic Upstream Operations defined as: Oil and gas companies reporting commercial Arctic exploration or production activities as part of their upstream portfolio.

Exclusion criteria

Companies Providing General Support Services Without Direct Exploration or Extraction Involvement defined as: Contractors or suppliers offering logistics, engineering, or transportation services without ownership or operational control of Arctic oil and gas projects.
Midstream or Downstream Oil and Gas Activities Outside Arctic Extraction defined as: Refining, petrochemical production, fuel retail, or pipeline distribution activities not directly connected to Arctic upstream operations.
Research or Scientific Expeditions in the Arctic defined as: Academic, environmental, or geological research activities not intended for commercial hydrocarbon development.
Companies With Arctic Assets That Are Fully Decommissioned or Abandoned defined as: Entities no longer engaged in active Arctic exploration or extraction activities.
Renewable Energy or Non-Hydrocarbon Arctic Infrastructure Projects defined as: Companies operating wind, solar, telecommunications, shipping, or other non-oil-and-gas Arctic infrastructure.
Firms With Only Indirect Financial Exposure to Arctic Projects defined as: Investors, lenders, insurers, or holding companies without operational involvement in Arctic exploration or production activities.

Arctic Drilling Infrastructure & Servicesevaluated

Identifies companies that provide infrastructure, equipment, or services that support oil and gas exploration or extraction activities in the Arctic. This includes providers of drilling platforms, seismic surveying, field logistics, technical support, and specialized engineering services used in Arctic energy operations. Companies in this screen are not directly responsible for oil and gas extraction.

Inclusion criteria

Providers of Arctic Drilling Rigs and Platforms defined as: Companies supplying offshore platforms, mobile drilling units, or Arctic-capable rigs used in oil and gas exploration or production activities.
Seismic Survey and Subsurface Mapping Providers defined as: Entities conducting geophysical surveys, seismic imaging, or exploration analysis in Arctic regions for hydrocarbon development purposes.
Arctic Oilfield Engineering and Technical Service Firms defined as: Companies delivering engineering, well support, environmental control systems, or specialized technical services tailored to Arctic drilling conditions.
Logistics and Field Support Providers for Arctic Energy Operations defined as: Firms supplying transport, ice management, remote camp operations, marine support, or supply chain services for Arctic oil and gas projects.
Manufacturers of Arctic-Specialized Oilfield Equipment defined as: Companies producing equipment designed for extreme cold-weather drilling, subsea operations, or Arctic offshore production environments.
Construction and Infrastructure Providers Supporting Arctic Hydrocarbon Projects defined as: Entities building roads, ports, pipelines, storage terminals, or operational infrastructure directly supporting Arctic exploration and extraction activities.
Contractors Supporting Arctic Exploration Campaigns defined as: Firms providing drilling crews, maintenance, inspection, or operational services to Arctic oil and gas operators.

Exclusion criteria

Companies Directly Engaged in Arctic Oil or Gas Extraction defined as: Entities that own, operate, or manage Arctic oil and gas fields are captured under Arctic Oil & Gas Exploration and Extraction.
General Industrial Suppliers Without Arctic Energy Specialization defined as: Manufacturers or service providers whose products are not specifically linked to Arctic oil and gas operations.
Transportation or Shipping Companies Without Oilfield Service Activity defined as: Marine freight, cargo, or logistics providers not directly supporting Arctic hydrocarbon exploration or drilling operations.
Renewable Energy Infrastructure Providers in Arctic Regions defined as: Companies involved solely in Arctic wind, solar, telecommunications, or non-fossil-fuel infrastructure projects.
Academic, Scientific, or Environmental Survey Organizations defined as: Research institutions conducting Arctic geological or climate studies unrelated to commercial hydrocarbon development.
Financial Institutions or Investors Supporting Arctic Projects defined as: Banks, insurers, or investment firms providing financing without operational or service involvement in Arctic drilling activities.

Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking)evaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the extraction of oil or natural gas through high-pressure hydraulic fracturing. This includes companies operating fracking wells, as well as those that provide specialized services, equipment, or fluids used in the fracturing process.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Hydraulic Fracturing Wells defined as: Companies extracting oil or natural gas using high-pressure hydraulic fracturing techniques in shale, tight rock, or other unconventional formations.
Producers of Shale Oil or Shale Gas Through Fracking defined as: Entities engaged in commercial production of hydrocarbons from formations requiring hydraulic fracturing for extraction.
Providers of Fracturing Services defined as: Companies delivering pressure pumping, well stimulation, or completion services specifically for hydraulic fracturing operations.
Manufacturers or Suppliers of Fracturing Fluids and Proppants defined as: Firms producing chemicals, sand, ceramic materials, or fluid systems used in hydraulic fracturing processes.
Operators of Fracturing Equipment and Infrastructure defined as: Companies supplying or operating pumps, blending units, water handling systems, or specialized fracking machinery.
Integrated Oil and Gas Companies With Material Fracking Operations defined as: Diversified energy firms materially involved in unconventional hydrocarbon extraction through hydraulic fracturing.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional Oil and Gas Extraction Without Hydraulic Fracturing defined as: Companies producing hydrocarbons solely through conventional drilling and extraction methods.
General Oilfield Service Providers Without Fracking Specialization defined as: Contractors providing broad oilfield support services not specifically tied to hydraulic fracturing operations.
Natural Gas Processing, Transport, or Distribution Companies defined as: Midstream or downstream companies handling hydrocarbons after extraction without involvement in fracking activities.
Water Treatment or Industrial Chemical Companies Without Fracturing Applications defined as: Firms whose products or services are not specifically designed for or materially used in hydraulic fracturing.
Renewable Energy or Non-Fossil Fuel Extraction Companies defined as: Entities engaged solely in renewable energy generation or non-hydrocarbon resource extraction.
Companies With Historical but No Current Fracking Operations defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased hydraulic fracturing activities or divested related assets.

Deep Sea Drillingevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the exploration or extraction of oil or gas from deep sea environments, generally defined as ocean depths exceeding 400 meters (1,312 feet). This includes operators of offshore drilling platforms, subsea production systems, or related infrastructure used in ultra-deepwater fossil fuel development.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Deepwater or Ultra-Deepwater Oil and Gas Fields defined as: Companies conducting offshore oil or gas extraction activities in ocean depths generally exceeding 400 meters.
Owners or Operators of Offshore Drilling Platforms defined as: Entities managing semi-submersible rigs, drillships, fixed offshore platforms, or floating production systems used in deep sea fossil fuel extraction.
Companies Developing Deep Sea Exploration Projects defined as: Firms engaged in offshore seismic surveying, exploratory drilling, appraisal, or field development in deepwater regions.
Operators of Subsea Production Infrastructure defined as: Companies operating subsea wells, manifolds, risers, or underwater extraction systems connected to offshore fossil fuel production.
Offshore Drilling Contractors Specialized in Deepwater Operations defined as: Service providers materially engaged in deepwater or ultra-deepwater drilling services and offshore well operations.
Integrated Energy Companies With Material Deep Sea Drilling Activities defined as: Diversified oil and gas companies materially involved in deepwater exploration or offshore hydrocarbon production projects.

Exclusion criteria

Onshore Oil and Gas Extraction Operations defined as: Companies engaged solely in land-based fossil fuel exploration or production activities.
Shallow Water Offshore Drilling Operations defined as: Offshore extraction activities occurring outside generally recognized deepwater thresholds.
Oil and Gas Transport or Pipeline Companies defined as: Midstream firms transporting hydrocarbons without involvement in offshore extraction or drilling operations.
General Marine Engineering or Vessel Providers Without Drilling Activity defined as: Companies supplying marine support services or vessels not materially involved in deep sea drilling operations.
Renewable Offshore Energy Operators defined as: Entities focused on offshore wind, tidal, or marine renewable energy infrastructure without fossil fuel extraction activities.
Companies With Historical but No Current Deepwater Operations defined as: Entities that have permanently exited or divested deep sea drilling activities.

Oil Sands / Tar Sandsevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the extraction, processing, or upgrading of bitumen from oil sands deposits. This includes companies using surface mining or in-situ recovery methods, as well as those engaged in refining or transporting oil sands-derived crude.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Oil Sands Extraction Projects defined as: Companies extracting bitumen from oil sands deposits through surface mining or in-situ recovery methods such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) or cyclic steam stimulation (CSS).
Owners of Oil Sands or Bitumen Extraction Rights defined as: Entities holding leases, concessions, or ownership interests in oil sands reserves or production projects.
Companies Operating Bitumen Upgrading Facilities defined as: Firms converting bitumen into synthetic crude oil or other upgraded petroleum products suitable for refining or transport.
Companies Transporting Oil Sands-Derived Crude defined as: Entities operating pipelines, terminals, or logistics infrastructure materially dedicated to transporting diluted bitumen or synthetic crude oil from oil sands operations.
Refiners Processing Oil Sands-Derived Feedstocks defined as: Companies materially engaged in refining bitumen-derived crude oil or synthetic crude products.
Integrated Energy Companies With Material Oil Sands Operations defined as: Diversified oil and gas firms materially involved in oil sands extraction, upgrading, processing, or transportation activities.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional Oil Extraction Without Oil Sands Activity defined as: Companies producing crude oil solely through conventional drilling methods without involvement in oil sands operations.
General Oil Refining Without Bitumen Processing defined as: Refiners that do not materially process oil sands-derived crude or synthetic crude feedstocks.
Oilfield Service Providers Without Direct Oil Sands Operations defined as: Contractors supplying equipment, engineering, or maintenance services without ownership or operation of oil sands assets.
General Pipeline or Transport Companies Without Material Oil Sands Exposure defined as: Midstream firms transporting petroleum products broadly without material involvement in oil sands-related infrastructure.
Renewable Energy or Non-Hydrocarbon Extraction Companies defined as: Entities engaged solely in renewable energy generation or non-fossil fuel extraction activities.
Companies With Historical but No Current Oil Sands Activities defined as: Entities that have permanently divested or ceased oil sands extraction, upgrading, or related operations.

Shale Oil & Shale Gasevaluated

Identifies companies that are involved in the extraction of oil or natural gas from shale formations using horizontal drilling, fracturing, or other unconventional recovery techniques. This screen applies to operators primarily engaged in shale-focused plays and unconventional reservoirs.

Inclusion criteria

Operators of Shale Oil or Shale Gas Production Fields defined as: Companies extracting hydrocarbons from shale formations using horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing, or similar unconventional recovery methods.
Companies Focused on Unconventional Shale Plays defined as: Entities materially engaged in shale basin development, including production from formations such as tight oil or tight gas reservoirs.
Owners of Shale Extraction Rights or Leases defined as: Firms holding licenses, concessions, mineral rights, or production agreements related to shale oil or shale gas resources.
Companies Developing Shale Exploration and Production Projects defined as: Entities conducting seismic analysis, exploratory drilling, appraisal, or infrastructure development for shale-focused extraction operations.
Integrated Energy Companies With Material Shale Operations defined as: Diversified oil and gas firms materially involved in shale oil or shale gas extraction activities.
Companies Operating Horizontal Drilling Programs for Shale Recovery defined as: Firms using advanced drilling and well completion techniques specifically for unconventional shale resource production.

Exclusion criteria

Conventional Oil and Gas Extraction Without Shale Operations defined as: Companies producing hydrocarbons solely from conventional reservoirs without shale-focused extraction activities.
General Hydraulic Fracturing Service Providers Without Shale Production Ownership defined as: Contractors providing fracking or drilling services without ownership or operation of shale extraction assets.
Natural Gas Processing, LNG, or Pipeline Companies defined as: Midstream firms involved in transport, processing, liquefaction, or distribution rather than shale extraction itself.
Oil Refining and Fuel Marketing Companies defined as: Downstream petroleum businesses refining or selling fuels without upstream shale production activities.
Renewable Energy or Non-Hydrocarbon Resource Companies defined as: Entities engaged solely in renewable energy or non-fossil fuel extraction activities.
Companies With Historical but No Current Shale Extraction Activities defined as: Entities that have permanently ceased or divested shale oil or shale gas operations.

Release provenance

Release reviewed: 11 Aug 2026
Retired: Aug 13, 2026
Imported workbook: Company_Screener_Taxonomy_Current_Import_Candidate_2026-08-10.xlsx
Operational release: 2026.08.11.1
Source reviewer: Company Screener product owner (production publication requested 2026-08-11; producer REVIEW markers retained)
Source review date: Aug 11, 2026
Workbook SHA-256 fingerprint: 2e5348d745af16af611a941e88009f39967174ebcf6d1a4f1ab13b30b63c6992
Public projection SHA-256 fingerprint: e058d996c0434cd7a8efb3e704d776e65830453fc415c86fb8e349db65e24413