Evaluated screen

Anti-Personnel Mines (Outside of Treaty Definition)

Identifies entities involved in the development, production, assembly, acquisition, storage, promotion, sale, transfer, distribution, or use of command-detonated anti-personnel explosive devices that require deliberate human activation and have no available victim-activated mode. Devices designed to explode from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person remain within Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), regardless of sensor technology, remote delivery, self-destruction, self-neutralization, or self-deactivation.

Type
Evaluated
Version
2026.08.21.2
Published
Aug 21, 2026
Inclusions
3
Exclusions
7
How to read this definition

Inclusion criteria describe evidence that can establish this activity. Exclusion criteria identify circumstances that do not establish it on that basis alone. The evaluation remains connected to its taxonomy version and supporting evidence.

Can establish this activity

Included when supported

Evidence may support involvement when it matches one or more of these inclusion criteria.

3 criteria
  1. 01Criterion

    Production of Command-Detonated Anti-Personnel Explosive Devices

    Defined as: Entities that produce explosive devices intended to affect personnel and that require deliberate human command or remote activation, with no available mode designed to detonate from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. Self-deactivation is not required for this classification.

  2. 02Criterion

    Manually Controlled Area-Denial Systems Without a Victim-Activated Mode

    Defined as: Entities that develop, produce, assemble, or supply distributed explosive area-denial systems directed against personnel where every operational detonation requires deliberate human activation and no victim-activated mode is available.

  3. 03Criterion

    Command-Only Personnel Devices Regardless of Marketing Label

    Defined as: Entities that develop, produce, or supply personnel-directed explosive devices whose verified technical configuration requires deliberate human activation and has no victim-activated mode. Marketing claims that a product is treaty-compliant or outside the treaty are not sufficient without configuration evidence.

Does not establish this activity on its own

Excluded on this basis alone

These circumstances do not establish this activity unless separate evidence also meets an inclusion criterion.

7 criteria
  1. 01Criterion

    Victim-Activated Sensor Mines Covered by the Treaty Definition

    Defined as: Entities producing devices that use pressure, tripwire, motion, infrared, acoustic, magnetic, seismic, or other sensors to detect a person and automatically detonate. These devices are assessed under Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), regardless of self-destruction, self-neutralization, self-deactivation, or remote-delivery features.

  2. 02Criterion

    Victim-Activated Anti-Personnel Mines Covered by the Ottawa Convention

    Defined as: Entities producing devices designed to explode from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person. These devices remain within Anti-Personnel Mines (Treaty Definition), regardless of sensor type, self-destruction, self-neutralization, self-deactivation, remote delivery, or the availability of an additional command mode.

  3. 03Criterion

    Anti-Vehicle Mines and Anti-Handling Devices Without a Personnel-Activated Mode

    Defined as: Entities producing only mines designed to detonate from the presence, proximity, or contact of a vehicle, including anti-handling devices that activate when the mine is intentionally disturbed, where no mode is designed to detonate from the presence, proximity, or contact of a person.

  4. 04Criterion

    Permitted Retention or Transfer for Detection, Clearance, Destruction, or Deactivated Devices

    Defined as: Entities retaining, acquiring, possessing, or transferring the minimum necessary number of anti-personnel mines solely for detection, clearance, destruction, authorized technical training, legal evidence, or fully deactivated-device purposes, with no operational or commercial role.

  5. 05Criterion

    Mine Clearance, Neutralization, or Destruction Only

    Defined as: Entities whose role is limited to humanitarian or authorized military detection, clearance, neutralization, removal, destruction, or disposal of mines and that do not develop, produce, acquire, store, promote, sell, transfer, distribute, or use command-only personnel devices for operational purposes.

  6. 06Criterion

    Generic or Unintegrated Components Without a Command-Only Personnel-Device End Use

    Defined as: Entities supplying triggers, sensors, casings, electronics, explosives, or other components without evidence that the component is specifically designed or materially modified for an operational command-detonated personnel device and integrated or intended for integration into that device.

  7. 07Criterion

    Historical-Only Outside-Treaty-Definition Activity

    Defined as: Entities with verified past activity involving command-detonated personnel explosive devices with no victim-activated mode, where reliable evidence establishes that the qualifying activity has fully ceased, been divested, transferred, dismantled, terminated, or otherwise ended and no current qualifying involvement remains. Historical-only activity does not qualify as current involvement. Preserve the historical record separately with the activity period, effective cessation or transfer date, relevant entity, product, programme, facility, or contract, and supporting evidence. Absence of recent evidence alone is not sufficient to establish cessation.

Evidence and evaluation methodology

How sources, entity pathways, decisions, qualifiers, and review history are handled.

Map screens to a client policy

How to choose provider screens, document coverage, and decide what happens after an outcome.

Other screens under Landmines

Taxonomy version 2026.08.21.2, published Aug 21, 2026. Material changes receive a new immutable release so earlier evaluations remain tied to the definitions and criteria used.

Landmines